Evidence for Occupational Therapy Interventions: Effectiveness Research Indexed in the OTseeker Database

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Bennett ◽  
Kryss McKenna ◽  
Annie McCluskey ◽  
Leigh Tooth ◽  
Tammy Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

The aim of this study was to determine the overall quantity and quality of randomised controlled trials and the quantity of systematic reviews relevant to occupational therapy practice. The content of OTseeker ( www.otseeker.com ) was surveyed in June 2006. There were 3401 randomised controlled trials and 939 systematic reviews in OTseeker (total = 4340), published mostly in non-occupational therapy journals. The diagnostic areas of stroke (n = 458) and back or neck conditions/injuries (n = 391), and the intervention categories of exercise (n = 1262) and consumer education (n = 1098), were the most frequently listed. Although the quantity of evidence available about the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions is rapidly increasing, some areas require greater research effort. Occupational therapists also need to search more broadly than occupational therapy journals for research to support clinical decision making.

scholarly journals Occupational Therapy Interventions for Older Adults With Chronic Conditions and Their Care Partners

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Fields
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Care Partners ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

Evidence Connection articles provide a clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Project. In this Evidence Connection article, I describe a clinical case report of an older adult with a chronic condition and his daughter who received home health occupational therapy services. I discuss the occupational therapy evaluation and intervention processes with these clients to support chronic condition self-management, coping skills, and problem solving, drawing on findings from the systematic review on the effectiveness of interventions for care partners of people with chronic conditions published in the July/August 2021 issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy. It is my hope that this Evidence Connection article can be used to inform and guide clinical decision making when working with older adults with chronic conditions and their care partners.

The limitations of using randomised controlled trials as a basis for developing treatment guidelines

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Mulder ◽  
Ajeet B Singh ◽  
Amber Hamilton ◽  
Pritha Das ◽  
Tim Outhred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the ‘gold standard’ by which novel psychotropic medications and psychological interventions are evaluated and consequently adopted into widespread clinical practice. However, there are some limitations to using RCTs as the basis for developing treatment guidelines. While RCTs allow researchers to determine whether a given medication or intervention is effective in a specific patient sample, for practicing clinicians it is more important to know whether it will work for their particular patient in their particular setting. This information cannot be garnered from an RCT. These inherent limitations are exacerbated by biases in design, recruitment, sample populations and data analysis that are inevitable in real-world studies. While trial registration and CONSORT have been implemented to correct and improve these issues, it is worrying that many trials fail to achieve such standards and yet their findings are used to inform clinical decision making. This perspective piece questions the assumptions of RCTs and highlights the widespread distortion of findings that currently undermine the credibility of this powerful design. It is recommended that the clinical guidelines include advice as to what should be considered good and relevant evidence and that external bodies continue to monitor RCTs to ensure that the outcomes published indeed reflect reality.

Evidence-Based Practice: The Cochrane Collaboration, and Occupational Therapy

1998 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Hayes ◽  
John J. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Collaboration

This paper describes how occupational therapists can become involved in the Cochrane Collaboration — a well-developed tool for facilitating the involvement of health professionals and lay people in evidence-based practice. The Cochrane Collaboration is a growing international project intended to systematically locate, conduct systematic reviews (including metaanalyses) of, and disseminate information on all available randomised controlled trials of interventions in any area of health. In particular, occupational therapists can use the Cochrane Collaboration to become better informed about best practice and evaluate research in their areas of interest, and learn skills related to conducting randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.

scholarly journals Outcomes reported on the management of COPD exacerbations: a systematic survey of randomised controlled trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 00072-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Mathioudakis ◽  
Mia Moberg ◽  
Julie Janner ◽  
Pablo Alonso-Coello ◽  
Jørgen Vestbo
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Core Outcome Set ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Core Outcome ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Outcome Set ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) report heterogeneous outcome measures, thus rendering their results incomparable, complicating their translation into clinical practice. As a first step in the development of a core outcome set that will aim to homogenise outcome measures in future RCTs, we assessed the outcomes reported in recent relevant RCTs and systematic reviews.We conducted a methodological systematic review (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ registration number CRD42016052437) of RCTs and systematic reviews on COPD exacerbation management indexed on Medline and PubMed during the last decade. We evaluated their methodology, specifically focusing on the reported outcome measures.Based on 123 RCTs and 38 systematic reviews, we found significant variability in the outcomes reported and in their definition. Mortality, which was assessed in 82% of the included trials, was the most frequently assessed outcome, followed by the rate of treatment success or failure (63%), adverse events (59%), health status, symptoms and quality of life (59%), lung function (47%), and duration of exacerbations (42%).The significant heterogeneity in the selection and definition of outcome measures in RCTs and systematic reviews limits the interpretability and comparability of their results, and warrants the development of a core outcome set for COPD exacerbations management.

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