How Do Clients Benefit from Snoezelen? An Exploratory Study

Anne P Long; Lesley Haig

doi:10.1177/030802269205500307

How Do Clients Benefit from Snoezelen? An Exploratory Study

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/030802269205500307 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 103-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Anne P Long ◽

Lesley Haig

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Apparent Difference ◽

Observable Change

An exploratory study involved observation of four clients of the Botleys Park Sensory/Snoezelen Environment (SSE) in both the SSE and the villa. The clients were not known to the observer and were selected at random. The aim of the study was to explore the hypothesis that a designed change in care will give rise to an observable change in the behaviour of the recipients of that care. The results indicated that there was an apparent difference in the behaviour of the four clients observed between the villa and the SSE. It was concluded that although the study did not allow proof of the hypothesis, it did indicate that there was an observable change in behaviour, which provided evidence that the hypothesis could withstand a design that would allow the hypothesis to be tested.

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A hospital clerkship program for dental students: an exploratory study

Journal of Dental Education ◽

10.1002/j.0022-0337.1969.33.2.tb00173.x ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 224-229

Author(s):

EA Stuebner ◽

RP Johnson

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Dental Students

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Classifying Disfluencies in Preschool- and School-Age Spanish–English Bilinguals Who Do Not Stutter: An Exploratory Study

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_persp-19-00164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

Raúl Rojas ◽

Farzan Irani

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Medium Effect ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Percentage ◽

Narrative Production ◽

Language Measures ◽

Mean Length Of Utterance

Purpose This exploratory study examined the language skills and the type and frequency of disfluencies in the spoken narrative production of Spanish–English bilingual children who do not stutter. Method A cross-sectional sample of 29 bilingual students (16 boys and 13 girls) enrolled in grades prekindergarten through Grade 4 produced a total of 58 narrative retell language samples in English and Spanish. Key outcome measures in each language included the percentage of normal (%ND) and stuttering-like (%SLD) disfluencies, percentage of words in mazes (%MzWds), number of total words, number of different words, and mean length of utterance in words. Results Cross-linguistic, pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences with medium effect sizes for %ND and %MzWds (both lower for English) as well as for number of different words (lower for Spanish). On average, the total percentage of mazed words was higher than 10% in both languages, a pattern driven primarily by %ND; %SLDs were below 1% in both languages. Multiple linear regression models for %ND and %SLD in each language indicated that %MzWds was the primary predictor across languages beyond other language measures and demographic variables. Conclusions The findings extend the evidence base with regard to the frequency and type of disfluencies that can be expected in bilingual children who do not stutter in grades prekindergarten to Grade 4. The data indicate that %MzWds and %ND can similarly index the normal disfluencies of bilingual children during narrative production. The potential clinical implications of the findings from this study are discussed.

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