HCV viraemia in anti-HCV-negative haemodialysis patients: Do we need HCV RNA detection test?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-170
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Papadopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Griveas ◽  
Eirini Sveroni ◽  
Vasiliki Argiana ◽  
Antonios Kalliaropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hcv Antibody ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still common among dialysis patients, but the natural history of HCV in this group is not completely understood. The KDIGO HCV guidelines of 2009 recommend that chronic haemodialysis patients be screened for HCV antibody upon admission to the dialysis clinic and every 6 months thereafter if susceptible to HCV infection. However, previous studies have shown the presence of HCV viraemia in anti-HCV-negative haemodialysis patients as up to 22%. Objectives: To evaluate the presence of HCV viraemia, using HCV RNA detection, among anti-HCV-negative haemodialysis patients from a tertiary dialysis unit in Athens. Methods: We enrolled 41 anti-HCV-negative haemodialysis patients diagnosed with third-generation enzyme immunoassay. HCV viraemia was evaluated using a sensitive (cut-off: 12 IU/mL) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (COBAS AmpliPrep/TaqMan system) for HCV RNA. Results: None of the 41 anti-HCV-negative haemodialysis patients were shown to be viraemic. Conclusions: Routine HCV RNA testing appears not to be necessary in anti-HCV-negative haemodialysis patients.

Evaluation of HCV RNA by PCR and Signal-to-Cutoff Ratios of HCV Antibody Assays for Diagnosis of HCV Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myeong Hee Kim ◽  
So Young Kang ◽  
Woo In Lee ◽  
Min Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Antibody Assays ◽  
Recombinant Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Hcv Antibody ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Objective In this study, we assessed whether a hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA test could replace recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) and reduce unnecessary supplemental tests as the signal-to-cutoff (S/Co) ratio from anti-HCV antibody (Ab) tests. Methods Anti-HCV Ab tests were performed to screen for HCV infections, and RIBA and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed for HCV RNA to confirm HCV infection. Receiver operating characteristic curves were evaluated to determine the optimal S/Co ratios for predicting HCV infection. Results The cutoff value for the S/Co ratio was 3.63 for predicting RIBA results and 10.6 for predicting HCV RNA results. Our data suggested that an S/Co ratio ≥10.6 indicated a high risk of active HCV infection. An S/Co ratio of 3.63 to 10.6 needed further evaluation and repeat HCV RNA testing. No further testing was required for S/Co ratios <3.63 or ≥10.6. Conclusion We determined that the S/Co ratio of the anti-HCV Ab test provides useful information to confirm HCV infections, including the need for further laboratory testing or clinical follow-up.

scholarly journals Evidence of hepatitis in patients receiving transfusions of blood components containing antibody to hepatitis C

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Aoki ◽  
PV Holland ◽  
LP Fernando ◽  
IK Kuramoto ◽  
S Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Antibody

Abstract When hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) enzyme immunoassay (EIA1) testing became available in 1990, we tested samples from previously transfused blood units, traced the recipients of reactive units, and evaluated the recipients for HCV infection during the 12 months after transfusion. Ten of 42 recipients of EIA1-reactive blood were anti-HCV reactive on follow-up by EIA1 and 12 were reactive by a second- generation assay (EIA2). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detected HCV RNA in 5 seronegative recipients. In all, 17 of 42 recipients (40%) of EIA1-reactive blood had evidence of HCV infection. In comparison, 54 surgery patients, who received either no transfusion or autologous EIA1-nonreactive blood, remained EIA1 nonreactive and RT-PCR negative for 1 year; 1 patient (1.8%) became EIA2 reactive (P < or = .01). Of the recipients of anti-HVC reactive blood transfusions (reactive by both EIA1 and a supplemental 4-antigen strip immunoblot assay [RIBA2]), 14 (93%) of the recipients had evidence of HCV infection compared with only 3 of 27 recipients (11%) of EIA1-reactive, RIBA2-nonreactive blood (P < or = .01). Thus, blood components reactive for anti-HCV EIA1 may have transmitted HCV up to 40% of the time, but blood components found reactive by both EIA1 and RIBA2 may transmit HCV with a frequency of greater than 90%.

scholarly journals Evidence of hepatitis in patients receiving transfusions of blood components containing antibody to hepatitis C

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1005
Author(s):  
SK Aoki ◽  
PV Holland ◽  
LP Fernando ◽  
IK Kuramoto ◽  
S Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Antibody

When hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) enzyme immunoassay (EIA1) testing became available in 1990, we tested samples from previously transfused blood units, traced the recipients of reactive units, and evaluated the recipients for HCV infection during the 12 months after transfusion. Ten of 42 recipients of EIA1-reactive blood were anti-HCV reactive on follow-up by EIA1 and 12 were reactive by a second- generation assay (EIA2). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detected HCV RNA in 5 seronegative recipients. In all, 17 of 42 recipients (40%) of EIA1-reactive blood had evidence of HCV infection. In comparison, 54 surgery patients, who received either no transfusion or autologous EIA1-nonreactive blood, remained EIA1 nonreactive and RT-PCR negative for 1 year; 1 patient (1.8%) became EIA2 reactive (P < or = .01). Of the recipients of anti-HVC reactive blood transfusions (reactive by both EIA1 and a supplemental 4-antigen strip immunoblot assay [RIBA2]), 14 (93%) of the recipients had evidence of HCV infection compared with only 3 of 27 recipients (11%) of EIA1-reactive, RIBA2-nonreactive blood (P < or = .01). Thus, blood components reactive for anti-HCV EIA1 may have transmitted HCV up to 40% of the time, but blood components found reactive by both EIA1 and RIBA2 may transmit HCV with a frequency of greater than 90%.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus serum markers and liver disease in children with leukemia during and after chemotherapy

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 2564-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Locasciulli ◽  
D Cavalletto ◽  
P Pontisso ◽  
L Cavalletto ◽  
E Scovena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The pattern of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serum markers and liver disease was investigated in 11 leukemic children showing anti-HCV reactivity at least once during long-term observation to define the role of HCV infection and the behavior of HCV serologic markers in this patient cohort. Antibodies to HCV by first- and second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by second-generation (four antigens) recombinant immunoblotting assay (RIBA) and HCV-RNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were serially examined in serum. Liver disease was defined according to transaminase levels. Seven of 11 patients were found HCV-RNA positive during chemotherapy and after blood transfusion, 3 of 11 became viremic during follow-up, and 1 of 11 was always HCV-RNA negative. Seroconversion to anti-HCV positivity by second-generation ELISA occurred in all the HCV-RNA positive children either during or after chemotherapy. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were elevated in all the HCV-RNA positive patients during antileukemic treatment and normalized in seven of them after therapy withdrawal, despite persisting viremia. These results indicate that HCV- RNA testing by polymerase chain reaction is required to correctly identify HCV infection in patients with leukemia while on chemotherapy. Viremia did not correlate with ALT levels and anti-HCV patterns.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus serum markers and liver disease in children with leukemia during and after chemotherapy

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 2564-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Locasciulli ◽  
D Cavalletto ◽  
P Pontisso ◽  
L Cavalletto ◽  
E Scovena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract The pattern of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serum markers and liver disease was investigated in 11 leukemic children showing anti-HCV reactivity at least once during long-term observation to define the role of HCV infection and the behavior of HCV serologic markers in this patient cohort. Antibodies to HCV by first- and second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by second-generation (four antigens) recombinant immunoblotting assay (RIBA) and HCV-RNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were serially examined in serum. Liver disease was defined according to transaminase levels. Seven of 11 patients were found HCV-RNA positive during chemotherapy and after blood transfusion, 3 of 11 became viremic during follow-up, and 1 of 11 was always HCV-RNA negative. Seroconversion to anti-HCV positivity by second-generation ELISA occurred in all the HCV-RNA positive children either during or after chemotherapy. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were elevated in all the HCV-RNA positive patients during antileukemic treatment and normalized in seven of them after therapy withdrawal, despite persisting viremia. These results indicate that HCV- RNA testing by polymerase chain reaction is required to correctly identify HCV infection in patients with leukemia while on chemotherapy. Viremia did not correlate with ALT levels and anti-HCV patterns.

scholarly journals 914. The Relationship Between Buprenorphine Maintenance Therapy and Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Testing, and Treatment in Southern Appalachian Ohio

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S548-S549
Author(s):  
Daniel L Brook ◽  
Christine Schalkoff ◽  
Hannah M Piscalko ◽  
Adams L Sibley ◽  
David Kline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Southern Appalachian ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hcv Antibody ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic in the United States is primarily among young people who use drugs (PWUD), especially in rural and Appalachian regions. Buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT) may indirectly prevent HCV infection by reducing injection drug use. We aim to assess the relationship between BMT and HCV infection, testing, and treatment among rural PWUD. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional respondent driven sampling survey of 243 PWUD adults in southern Appalachian Ohio from May to November 2019. Participants completed audio computer-assisted self-interview and were tested for HCV antibodies. We defined recent BMT use as self-reported BMT in the past 30 days and prior BMT use as self-reported BMT any time prior to the past 30 days. HCV antibody positive participants were incentivized to receive confirmatory HCV RNA testing. We fit log-binomial regression models to assess the relationship between BMT and HCV infection, testing, and treatment. Results 72% of participants were HCV antibody positive (n=175). 31% (n=54) of antibody positive participants received an RNA test; of those, 96% (n=52) were HCV RNA positive. Compared to participants with no history of BMT, those with prior BMT were more likely to be HCV antibody positive (PR=1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6) and to have been tested for HCV (PR=1.3 95% CI: 1.1-1.5); they were somewhat more likely to have been treated for HCV (PR=1.3 95% CI: 0.5-3.4). Compared to participants with no history of BMT, those reporting recent BMT had similar HCV antibody positivity (PR=1.1 95% CI: 0.9-1.5) but were more likely to have been tested (PR=1.3 95% CI: 1.1-1.6) and possibly more likely to have been treated for HCV (PR=2.0 95% CI: 0.6-5.9). Compared to those with a prior BMT, people with recent BMT use had slightly lower HCV antibody positivity (PR=0.8 95% CI: 0.7-1.1) and possibly higher prevalence of HCV treatment (PR=1.5 95% CI: 0.6-3.8) but had similar prevalence of HCV testing (PR=1.0 95% CI: 0.9-1.2). Conclusion Participants with a recent history of BMT were more likely to have been tested for HCV and possibly to have received prior treatment. Participants with prior BMT were more likely to be antibody positive and to have tested for HCV. Improved coordination between BMT and HCV care may increase HCV treatment among rural PWUD. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus infection and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Japan.

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
H Yamabe ◽  
R J Johnson ◽  
D R Gretch ◽  
K Fukushi ◽  
H Osawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hcv Antibody ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was determined in 146 adult patients with various types of glomerulonephritis and renal diseases monitored between 1990 and 1993. Serum HCV antibody (HCV Ab) was evaluated, and positive cases were tested for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. HCV infection was present in 1 (1.7%) of 58 cases of immunoglobulin A nephropathy, 0 (0%) of 14 cases of lupus nephritis, 0 (0%) of 12 cases of minimal change nephrosis, and 0 (0%) of 28 cases of other renal diseases, which is similar to the 2% prevalence observed in healthy blood donors in Japan. In contrast, HCV Ab was observed in 2 (8.3%) of 24 cases of membranous nephropathy and 6 (60%) of 10 cases of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I. The prevalence of HCV infection in MPGN patients was significantly higher than the frequency of HCV infection observed in the other patients with renal diseases (P < 0.001). HCV RNA was present in all cases in which HCV Ab was present. The six patients with HCV-MPGN were similar to the four patients with idiopathic MPGN with respect to age, presence of nephrotic syndrome, and renal dysfunction, but had a higher incidence of liver dysfunction, cryoglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor, and hypocomplementemia (low C3). HCV infection is present in a large percentage of patients with MPGN in Japan and clinically may differ slightly from other cases of MPGN.

DETEKSI ANTIBODI MULTIPEL HEPATITIS C DALAM DARAH DONOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Ranti Permatasari ◽  
Aryati Aryati ◽  
Budi Arifah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hcv Antibody

Hepatitis C (HCV) infection could be spread by blood transfusion. Screening of HCV in donor blood could prevent HCV infection to the recipient. HCV antibody test using rapid test of multiple antibody detection by immunochromatography method is an easy and rapid test that could detect four HCV antibodies separately. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of antibody HCV using multiple antibody detection rapid test in diagnosing HCV infection. This was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. The samples consisted of 42 donors’ blood serum from the Surabaya Branch of the Indonesian Red Cross which underwent HCV infection test using ELISA method. The samples were then tested using PCR HCV RNA as the gold standard and antibody HCV multiple antibodydetection rapid test The diagnostic value of HCV antibody test using multiple antibody detection rapid test by immunochromatography method showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 100%, diagnostic specificity of 75%, positive predictive value of 66.7% and negative predictive value of 100%, a diagnostic efficiency of 83.3%, with a positive probability ratio of 4 times. The most often positive antibody pattern was four (4) positive antibodies (core protein, NS3, NS4 and NS5). Core protein (CP) and NS3 were the most often positive antibodies. Based on this study result, the HCV antibody test using multiple antibody detection rapid test by immunochromatography method has a good diagnostic value.

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