Is There a Role for Prostate Tumour Overexpressed-1 in the Diagnosis of HGPIN and of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma? A Comparison with α-Methylacyl CoA Racemase

Prostate Tumour Overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) was recently identified as a novel gene and protein during a differential display screening for genes overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa). α-Methyl-CoA racemose (AMACR) mRNA was identified as being overexpressed in PCa. PTOV1 and racemase were immunohistochemically evaluated in PCa, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), atrophy and normal-looking epithelium (NEp) in 20 radical prostatectomies (RPs) with pT2a Gleason score 6 prostate cancer with the aim of analyzing the differences in marker expression between PTOV1 and AMACR. The level of expression of PTOV1 and AMACR increased from NEp and atrophy through HGPIN, away from and adjacent to prostate cancer, to PCa. With the ROC curve analysis the overall accuracy in distinguishing PCa vs HGPIN away from and adjacent to cancer was higher for AMACR than for PTOV1. In conclusion, AMACR can be considered a more accurate marker than PTOV1 in the identification of HGPIN and of PCa. However, PTOV1 may aid in the diagnosis of PCa, at least to supplement AMACR as another positive marker of carcinoma and to potentially increase diagnostic accuracy.

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523: Risk of Prostate Cancer on Re-Biopsy Following a Diagnosis of High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (HGPIN) is Related to the Number of Cores Sampled

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)34763-3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 173 (4S) ◽

pp. 142-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehsati Herawi ◽

Christina Cavallo ◽

Hillel Kahane ◽

Jonathan I. Epstein

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

High Grade

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Glyoxalase 1 Expression as a Novel Diagnostic Marker of High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Prostate Cancer

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13143608 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3608

Author(s):

Liliana Rounds ◽

Ray B. Nagle ◽

Andrea Muranyi ◽

Jana Jandova ◽

Scott Gill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Marker ◽

Precancerous Lesion ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Glycolytic Flux ◽

Gleason Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Glyoxalase 1

Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is an enzyme involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), a reactive oncometabolite formed in the context of energy metabolism as a result of high glycolytic flux. Prior clinical evidence has documented GLO1 upregulation in various tumor types including prostate cancer (PCa). However, GLO1 expression has not been explored in the context of PCa progression with a focus on high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), a frequent precursor to invasive cancer. Here, we have evaluated GLO1 expression by immunohistochemistry in archival tumor samples from 187 PCa patients (stage 2 and 3). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed GLO1 upregulation during tumor progression, observable in HGPIN and PCa versus normal prostatic tissue. GLO1 upregulation was identified as a novel hallmark of HGPIN lesions, displaying the highest staining intensity in all clinical patient specimens. GLO1 expression correlated with intermediate–high risk Gleason grade but not with patient age, biochemical recurrence, or pathological stage. Our data identify upregulated GLO1 expression as a molecular hallmark of HGPIN lesions detectable by immunohistochemical analysis. Since current pathological assessment of HGPIN status solely depends on morphological features, GLO1 may serve as a novel diagnostic marker that identifies this precancerous lesion.

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Soluble cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (sCTLA-4) as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis in Glioma

BMC Immunology ◽

10.1186/s12865-021-00422-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jiajia Liu ◽

Xiaoyi Tian ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Xixiong Kang ◽

Wenqi Song

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocyte ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽

Tumor Grade ◽

Curve Analysis ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Roc Curve Analysis

Abstract Background The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is widely considered as a pivotal immune checkpoint molecule to suppress antitumor immunity. However, the significance of soluble CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) remains unclear in the patients with brain glioma. Here we aimed to investigate the significance of serum sCTLA-4 levels as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis in glioma patients. Methods In this study, the levels of sCTLA-4 in serum from 50 patients diagnosed with different grade gliomas including preoperative and postoperative, and 50 healthy individuals were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). And then ROC curve analysis and survival analyses were performed to explore the clinical significance of sCTLA-4. Results Serum sCTLA-4 levels were significantly increased in patients with glioma compared to that of healthy individuals, and which was also positively correlated with the tumor grade. ROC curve analysis showed that the best cutoff value for sCTLA-4 for glioma is 112.1 pg/ml, as well as the sensitivity and specificity with 82.0 and 78.0%, respectively, and a cut-off value of 220.43 pg/ml was best distinguished in patients between low-grade glioma group and high-grade glioma group with sensitivity 73.1% and specificity 79.2%. Survival analysis revealed that the patients with high sCTLA-4 levels (> 189.64 pg/ml) had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) compared to those with low sCTLA-4 levels (≤189.64 pg/ml). In the univariate analysis, elder, high-grade tumor, high sCTLA-4 levels and high Ki-67 index were significantly associated with shorter PFS. In the multivariate analysis, sCTLA-4 levels and tumor grade remained an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion These findings indicated that serum sCTLA-4 levels play a critical role in the pathogenesis and development of glioma, which might become a valuable predictive biomarker for supplementary diagnosis and evaluation of the progress and prognosis in glioma.

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