Reducing Reading Failure for Kindergarten Urban Students

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Yurick ◽  
Gwendolyn Cartledge ◽  
Lefki Kourea ◽  
Starr Keyes
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Gain Scores ◽  
Nonsense Word Fluency ◽  
Early Reading Intervention ◽  
Word Attack ◽  
Instructional Assistants

Six instructional assistants taught the Early Reading Intervention (ERI) curriculum to 38 at-risk kindergarten students, and 32 nonrisk students served as comparisons. Student risk was determined based on performance on the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills subtests of Nonsense Word Fluency, Letter Naming Fluency, and Phoneme Segmentation Fluency (PSF). The Word Attack (WA) and Letter-Word Identification (LWID) subtests of the Woodcock–Johnson III Tests of Achievement were used to confirm risk status and also as pre- and posttest measures. Treatment students received between 6.85 and 13.70 hr of instruction, with varying degrees of treatment quality. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the amount of variance in gain scores that could be explained by participation in ERI, treatment quality, and treatment duration. Results showed WA and LWID gains with large effect sizes for treatment students. Findings for treatment quality and duration were mixed, without clear indications of their effects on gain scores.

An Inclusive Approach to Improving Early Literacy Skills of Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Wehby ◽  
Kathleen L. Lane ◽  
Katherine B. Falk
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Nonsense Word Fluency ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a comprehensive reading program using the Scott Foresman Reading program (Foresman, 2000), supplemented with Torgeson and Bryant's (1994) Phonological Awareness Training for Reading (PATR) program in a general education classroom with four kindergarten special education students identified as having emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD). Following the implementation of the Scott Foresman curriculum by classroom teachers, university-trained research assistants implemented the PATR program. A multiple baseline design was used to evaluate the impact of the supplemental program on the reading performance of the participants. Academic measures included assessment of nonsense-word fluency, letter naming, and initial-sound fluency. Moderate, albeit inconsistent, improvements in reading skills were shown for the participating students. Implications for classroom practice and future directions for this line of research will be discussed.

Early Reading Intervention: Responding to the Learning Needs of Young at-Risk English Language Learners

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Klett Gyovai ◽  
Gwendolyn Cartledge ◽  
Lefki Kourea ◽  
Amanda Yurick ◽  
Lenwood Gibson
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Reading Intervention ◽  
English Language ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Early Reading Intervention

This study examined the effects of a supplemental early reading intervention on the beginning literacy skills of 12 kindergarten/first-grade urban English language learners (ELLs). The Early Reading Intervention (ERI; Simmons & Kame'enui, 2003) was the instructional intervention used with all students. A multiple-baseline design across students was used to investigate the effects of the instruction on phoneme segmentation fluency (PSF) and nonsense word fluency (NWF), as measured by the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS; Good & Kaminski, 2002). Data analyses showed that all students increased in the number of phonemes segmented and the number of letter sounds produced correctly. Gains were commensurate with the amount of instruction received.

Effects of word boxes on phoneme segmentation, word identification, and spelling for a sample of children with autism

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
Laurice M Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early Literacy Skills ◽  
Phoneme Segmentation ◽  
Decoding Skills ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Phonological Decoding

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of word boxes on the phoneme segmentation, word identification, and spelling performance of a sample of children with autism. Three children with autism were selected on the basis of similar performance on early literacy skills as measured by the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) screening instrument. The word boxes is a method that involves students placing plastic letters into respective divided sections of a drawn rectangle (i.e., boxes) as each sound in a word is articulated. This method is designed to help children acquire phonological decoding skills. A multiple baseline design across literacy skills was employed to study the effects of word boxes on phoneme segmentation, word identification, and spelling. This study is important, as it was the first to examine the effects of this method with students with autism. Results suggested that all students showed increases in phoneme segmentation and word identification, with two of the students showing some improvement in spelling. Limitations and implications for future research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Examining Agreement and Longitudinal Stability Among Traditional and RTI-Based Definitions of Reading Disability Using the Affected-Status Agreement Statistic

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica S. Brown Waesche ◽  
Christopher Schatschneider ◽  
Jon K. Maner ◽  
Yusra Ahmed ◽  
Richard K. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Reading Disability ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Low Achievement ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Longitudinal Stability ◽  
Poor Reading ◽  
Reading Measures

Rates of agreement among alternative definitions of reading disability and their 1- and 2-year stabilities were examined using a new measure of agreement, the affected-status agreement statistic. Participants were 288,114 first through third grade students. Reading measures were Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills Oral Reading Fluency and Nonsense Word Fluency, and six levels of severity of poor reading were examined (25th, 20th, 15th, 10th, 5th, and 3rd percentile ranks). Four definitions were compared, including traditional unexpected low achievement and three response-to-intervention-based definitions: low achievement, low growth, and dual discrepancy. Rates of agreement were variable but only poor to moderate overall, with poorest agreement between unexpected low achievement and the other definitions. Longitudinal stability was poor, with poorest stability for the low growth definition. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

What Clinicians Need to Know About Early Literacy Development in Children With Hearing Loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Runnion ◽  
Shelley Gray
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Reading Proficiency ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Literacy Skill ◽  
Early Literacy Development ◽  
Literacy Skill Development ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

PurposeChildren with hearing loss may not reach the same level of reading proficiency as their peers with typical development. Audiologists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have important roles to play in preventing this problem early in children's development. In this tutorial, we aim to communicate how the habilitation practices of audiologists and intervention services of SLPs can support early literacy skill development in children with hearing loss.MethodWe describe key findings from peer-reviewed research articles to provide a review of early literacy skill development, to explain the relationship between early literacy skills and conventional reading skills, and to highlight findings from early literacy skill intervention studies that included children with hearing loss who use spoken language. We conclude with a hypothetical case study to illustrate how audiologists and SLPs can support early literacy acquisition in children with hearing loss.ConclusionFindings from studies of young children with hearing loss suggest that a promising approach to improving reading outcomes is to provide explicit early literacy instruction and intervention.

Addressing African American English in Early Literacy Assessment and Instruction

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Patton Terry
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
American English ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
African American English ◽  
Literacy Assessment ◽  
Learning To Read ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Early Literacy Assessment

Abstract Determining how best to address young children's African American English use in formal literacy assessment and instruction is a challenge. Evidence is not yet available to discern which theory best accounts for the relation between AAE use and literacy skills or to delineate which dialect-informed educational practices are most effective for children in preschool and the primary grades. Nonetheless, consistent observations of an educationally significant relation between AAE use and various early literacy skills suggest that dialect variation should be considered in assessment and instruction practices involving children who are learning to read and write. The speech-language pathologist can play a critical role in instituting such practices in schools.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Development of an Early Literacy App in Dhuwaya

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Gillian Wigglesworth ◽  
Melanie Wilkinson ◽  
Yalmay Yunupingu ◽  
Robyn Beecham ◽  
Jake Stockley
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
First Language ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Intercultural Development ◽  
Educational Challenges ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Bilingual School ◽  
The Impact

Phonological awareness is a skill which is crucial in learning to read. In this paper, we report on the challenges encountered while developing a digital application (app) for teaching phonological awareness and early literacy skills in Dhuwaya. Dhuwaya is a Yolŋu language variety spoken in Yirrkala and surrounding areas in East Arnhem Land. Dhuwaya is the first language of the children who attend a bilingual school in which Dhuwaya and English are the languages of instruction. Dhuwaya and English have different phonemic inventories and different alphabets. The Dhuwaya alphabet is based on Roman alphabet symbols and has 31 graphemes (compared to 26 in English). The app was designed to teach children how to segment and blend syllables and phonemes and to identify common words as well as suffixes used in the language. However, the development was not straightforward, and the impact of the linguistic, cultural and educational challenges could not have been predicted. Amongst these was the inherent variation in the language, including glottal stops, the pronunciation of stops, the focus on syllables as a decoding strategy for literacy development and challenges of finding one-syllable words such as those initially used with English-speaking children. Another challenge was identifying culturally appropriate images which the children could relate to and which were not copyrighted. In this paper, we discuss these plus a range of other issues that emerged, identifying how these problems were addressed and resolved by the interdisciplinary and intercultural team.

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