Titanium dioxide nanoparticle genotoxicity: A review of recent in vivo and in vitro studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 514-530
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rafiq Wani ◽  
GGHA Shadab
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Designed Experiments ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Wide Range

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, size <100 nm) find applications in a wide range of products including food and cosmetics. Studies have found that exposure to TiO2 NPs can cause inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and cell apoptosis. In this article, we have reviewed the recent literature on the potential of TiO2 NPs to cause genotoxicity and summarized the results of two standard genotoxicity assays, the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays. Analysis of these peer-reviewed publications shows that the comet assay is the most common genotoxicity test, followed by MN, Ames, and chromosome aberration tests. These assays have reported positive as well as negative results, although there is inconsistency in some results that need to be confirmed further by well-designed experiments. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of TiO2 NP genotoxicity and point out areas that warrant further research.

scholarly journals Quercetin and Idebenone Ameliorate Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, DNA damage, and Apoptosis Induced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Rat Liver

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581881218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila M. Fadda ◽  
Hanan Hagar ◽  
Azza M. Mohamed ◽  
Hanaa M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Immunoglobin G ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are extensively used in a wide range of applications; however, many reports have investigated their nanotoxicological effect at the molecular level either in vitro or in vivo systems. The defensive roles of quercetin (Qur) or idebenone (Id) against the hepatotoxicity induced by TiO2-NPs were evaluated in the current study. The results showed that the coadministration of Qur or Id to rats intoxicated with TiO2-NPs markedly ameliorated the elevation in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), serum alanine amino-transferase (ALT), glucose, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), immunoglobin G (IgG), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to their levels in TiO2-NPs-treated rats. The aforementioned antioxidants also effectively modulated the changes in the levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), hepatic DNA breakage, caspase-3, and inhibition of drug metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450s; CYP4502E12E1) in rat livers induced by TiO2-NPs toxicity. The histopathological examination of the liver section showed that TiO2-NPs caused severe degeneration of most hepatocytes with an increase in collagen in the portal region, while treatment with the antioxidants in question improved liver architecture. These outcomes supported the use of Qur and Id as protective agents against the hepatotoxicity induced by TiO2-NPs and other hepatotoxic drugs.

Exploration of cytotoxic and genotoxic endpoints following sub-chronic oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 577-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijita Chakrabarti ◽  
Danswrang Goyary ◽  
Sanjeev Karmakar ◽  
Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Chromosomal Breakage ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Higher Doses

Health hazards of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) have raised severe concerns because of the paucity of information regarding the toxic effects among the population. In the present research, the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic potential of TiO2-NPs were evaluated using flow cytometric techniques. Further, in vitro and in vivo genotoxic endpoints were estimated by means of comet, micronucleus (MN), and chromosomal aberration (CA) assays. In vitro analysis was performed at the concentration range of 10–100 µg/mL using murine RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo experiments were conducted on Albino mice (M/F) by exposing them to 200 and 500 mg/kg TiO2-NPs for 90 days. Decreased percentage of cell viability with higher doses of TiO2-NPs was evident in both in vitro and in vivo flow cytometric analysis. Further, an impaired cell cycle (G0/G1, S, and G2/M) was reflected in the present investigation following the exposure to TiO2-NPs. Increased comet scores such as tail length, % DNA in tail, tail moment, and olive moment were also observed with the higher doses of TiO2-NPs in vitro and in vivo comet assays. Finally, the in vivo MN and CA assays revealed the formation of MN and chromosomal breakage following the exposure to TiO2-NPs.

scholarly journals Agglomeration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles increases toxicological responses in vitro and in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Murugadoss ◽  
Frederic Brassinne ◽  
Noham Sebaihi ◽  
Jasmine Petry ◽  
Stevan M. Cokic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles tested for genotoxicity with the comet and micronucleus assays in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Kazimirova ◽  
Magdalena Baranokova ◽  
Marta Staruchova ◽  
Martina Drlickova ◽  
Katarina Volkovova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Human in vivo and in vitro studies on gastrointestinal absorption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Jones ◽  
Jackie Morton ◽  
Ian Smith ◽  
Kerstin Jurkschat ◽  
Anne-Helen Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Absorption

The cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and Sargassum oligocystum on Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in vivo.

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Asadi ◽  
Shahram Khademvatan ◽  
Habib Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Behnam Heshmatiyan ◽  
Sadegh Asghari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Antiparasitic Activity ◽  
Treatment Experiment

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) and methanolic extract of Persian Gulf brown algae (Sargassum oligocystum) on the growth and cell death of T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Six to eightweekold female BALB/c mice (n = 28) were used for the treatment experiment and infected with 105 T. gondii tachyzoites. Four days after treatment, IFN-γ and the levels of splenic lymphocyte proliferation were measured. All the groups were challenged with T. gondii, and the survival rate of experimental mice was assessed. The effects of TiO2NPs and S. oligocystum on the proliferation of T. gondii were evaluated by MTT and annexin V staining in vitro. Results: Based on the results, the combination of S. oligocystum extract and TiO2NPs had more cytotoxic effect compared to their use separately. The results of challenge test also revealed that mice received combined treatment had the highest life time expectancy than those receiving the treatment alone. Conclusion: The simultaneous use of immunomodulatory compounds for the stimulation of the immune system as well as S. oligocystum and TiO2NPs with antiparasitic activity can be promising to develop an effective drug for the treatment of toxoplasmos.

Reduction of DNA damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles through Nrf2 in vitro and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 310-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqin Shi ◽  
Yujie Niu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Huicai Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Coriandrum sativum L.: A Review on Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Cardiovascular Benefits

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Nisa Najibah Mahleyuddin ◽  
Said Moshawih ◽  
Long Chiau Ming ◽  
Hanis Hanum Zulkifly ◽  
Nurolaini Kifli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects

Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum), belonging to the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family, is widely recognized for its uses in culinary and traditional medicine. C. sativum contains various phytochemicals such as polyphenols, vitamins, and many phytosterols, which account for its properties including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and analgesic effects. The cardiovascular benefits of C. sativum have not been summarized before, hence this review aims to further evaluate and discuss its effectiveness in cardiovascular diseases, according to the recent literature. An electronic search for literature was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, preprint platforms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Articles were gathered from the inception of the database until August 2021. Moreover, the traditional uses and phytochemistry of coriander were surveyed in the original resources and summarized. As a result, most of the studies that cover cardiovascular benefits and fulfilled the eligibility criteria were in vivo, while only a few were in vitro and clinical studies. In conclusion, C. sativum can be deemed a functional food due to its wide range of cardiovascular benefits such as antihypertensive, anti-atherogenic, antiarrhythmic, hypolipidemic as well as cardioprotective effects.

Advances in genotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro

NanoImpact ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100377
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Shi ◽  
Shuo Han ◽  
Jiahe Zhang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Zhangjian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
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