Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Benbow ◽  
Carolyne Gorlick ◽  
Cheryl Forchuk ◽  
Catherine Ward-Griffin ◽  
Helene Berman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gender Neutrality

This article overviews the second phase of a two-phase study which examined experiences of health and social exclusion among mothers experiencing homelessness in Ontario, Canada. A critical discourse analysis was employed to analyze the policy document, Realizing Our Potential: Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy, 2014–2019. In nursing, analysis of policy is an emerging form of scholarship, one that draws attention to the macro levels influencing health and health promotion, such as the social determinants of health, and the policies that impact them. The clear neo-liberal underpinnings, within the strategy, with a focus on productivity and labor market participation leave little room for an understanding of poverty reduction from a human rights perspective. Further, gender-neutrality rendered the poverty experienced by women, and mothers, invisible. Notably, there were a lack of deadlines, target dates, and thorough action and evaluation plans. Such absence troubles whether poverty reduction is truly a priority for the government, and society as a whole.

Realising our (neoliberal) potential? A critical discourse analysis of the Poverty Reduction Strategy in Ontario, Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Smith-Carrier ◽  
Andrea Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
The Government

We examine the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) launched in Ontario, Canada’s most populous province. Using corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis, we explore the dominant discourses that emerge in a genre chain produced by the Government of Ontario, including the initial 2008 PRS, annual reports and the 2014–2019 recontextualised PRS. Six key discourses surfaced: social exclusion, social inclusion, economic benefit or social investment, expert knowledge, community engagement and requisites for the PRS’ success – typically involving investments from the federal government and a favourable economic climate. No discourse of human rights, or of the rights to food, housing and an adequate standard of living is present in the PRS texts, absolving the government from its responsibility to ensure these rights. Without the accountability mechanisms attached to a rights-based approach, the PRS has little chance of ‘breaking the cycle’ of poverty, and will not likely ‘realise its potential’ to do so.

scholarly journals Public Engagement and the Nunavut Roundtable for Poverty Reduction: Attempting to Understand Nunavut’s Poverty Reduction Strategy

2016 ◽  
pp. 69-96
Author(s):  
Maggie Crump
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Land Claims ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Engagement Process ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of

The 2009 Government of Nunavut Report Card, a review of the first ten years of Nunavut’s existence, recommended the development of an anti-poverty strategy to help address severe social inequality in the territory. Between October 2010 and November 2011, the Government of Nunavut (GN), jointly with Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated (NTI), oversaw an extensive poverty-reduction public engagement process that resulted in the creation of the Nunavut Roundtable for Poverty Reduction and the territory’s poverty reduction strategy. The strategy suggests that the tension that exists between Inuit forms of governance and the model of public governance used today is the root cause of poverty. However, it does not offer an official definition of the term. Knowing the way in which poverty is perceived in Nunavut is key to understanding the direction of the territory’s poverty reduction strategy. Drawing upon interviews conducted in Iqaluit and in Ottawa in 2015, as well as on records from the Nunavut Anti-Poverty Secretariat, this article examines how the territory’s poverty reduction strategy was developed. It argues that the roundtable’s participatory methods, closely aligned with principles of the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement, have fostered a politicized discussion about poverty that has resulted in Nunavut’s poverty reduction strategy’s focus on collaboration and healing.

Trustees of development from conditionality to governance: poverty reduction strategy papers in Ghana

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Multiple Interfaces ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Bretton Woods Institutions ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programmes

The World Bank and IMF launched the Poverty Reduction Strategy Initiative in the context of longstanding criticisms of their structural adjustment programmes. This article examines the process of formulating Ghana's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) from two perspectives. From the perspective of reforming the Bretton Woods institutions, it assesses the extent to which the PRSP approach alters the lending practices of these institutions in Ghana. From the perspective of understanding policymaking in highly indebted, aid-dependent African countries, it reveals the multiple interfaces of politics in such countries produced by relations among and within donors/creditors, the government and non-governmental actors. Its conclusions echo the growing body of literature critiquing PRSPs, and emphasise the constraints which the foreign aid regime places on democratic governance.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Analysis of the In Vivo Motion of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Leads

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas Szili-Torok ◽  
Jens Rump ◽  
Torsten Luther ◽  
Sing-Chien Yap
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Maximum Curvature ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Absolute Curvature ◽  
Icd Leads ◽  
Lead Testing ◽  
Design And Testing

Abstract Better understanding of the lead curvature, movement and their spatial distribution may be beneficial in developing lead testing methods, guiding implantations and improving life expectancy of implanted leads. Objective The aim of this two-phase study was to develop and test a novel biplane cine-fluoroscopy-based method to evaluate input parameters for bending stress in leads based on their in vivo 3D motion using precisely determined spatial distributions of lead curvatures. Potential tensile, compressive or torque forces were not subjects of this study. Methods A method to measure lead curvature and curvature evolution was initially tested in a phantom study. In the second phase using this model 51 patients with implanted ICD leads were included. A biplane cine-fluoroscopy recording of the intracardiac region of the lead was performed. The lead centerline and its motion were reconstructed in 3D and used to define lead curvature and curvature changes. The maximum absolute curvature Cmax during a cardiac cycle, the maximum curvature amplitude Camp and the maximum curvature Cmax@amp at the location of Camp were calculated. These parameters can be used to characterize fatigue stress in a lead under cyclical bending. Results The medians of Camp and Cmax@amp were 0.18 cm−1 and 0.42 cm−1, respectively. The median location of Cmax was in the atrium whereas the median location of Camp occurred close to where the transit through the tricuspid valve can be assumed. Increased curvatures were found for higher slack grades. Conclusion Our results suggest that reconstruction of 3D ICD lead motion is feasible using biplane cine-fluoroscopy. Lead curvatures can be computed with high accuracy and the results can be implemented to improve lead design and testing.

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 1 in Ogun State, Nigeria : Lessons from the Millennium Development Goals Poverty Reduction Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-105
Author(s):  
Durokifa Anuoluwapo ◽  
Dominique Uwizeyimana
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy

There is no gainsaying the fact that one of the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals is to end poverty in all its form by 2030. However, the continuous increase in poverty level has generated a lot of debates among policymakers and scholars while government keeps formulating policies to avert the situation. Thus, with SDGs in view, the study took into cognizance the MDGs before it and what hindered it from the full actualisation of its goal, specifically MD Goal 1a “eradicate extreme poverty”. Using quantitative data, the study examined the implementation of MDGs and pinpointed the factors that affected the implementation of the MDG poverty reduction strategy. These factors include corruption, lack of awareness, politics of poverty, non-poor targeted, etc. On this basis, the paper suggests that, if Ogun State will achieve SDG1 by 2030, factors such as good leadership, identification of the poor, awareness and infrastructural opportunities will need to be addressed.

Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia in a Psychiatry Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinjola O ◽  
◽  
Lawal RA ◽  
Ojo AM ◽  
Adeosun II ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Good Treatment Outcome ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Schizophrenia is a devastating and highly disabling disorder associated with long-term consequences. Treatment is often made difficult by the presence of comorbidities like depression which when considered in management ensures good outcome. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression in schizophrenia. It is a two-phase study involving 320 outpatients recruited by consecutive sampling. The first phase entails confirming diagnosis with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), psychotic disorder module, assessing socio-demographic characteristic and screening for depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) by a trained assistant. In the second phase, the researcher then assesses for depressive disorder using MINI, depressive disorder module among subjects who screened positive with BDI together with 10% of those who screened negative. Over four-fifth (83.4%) of the participants were less than 50 years, they were mostly females (57.2%), of Yoruba ethnic group (59.7%), Christians (75.6%), and earn below ₦18,000 monthly or nothing (72.2%). Also, a large proportion (86.2%) had good social support. Over a third of the participants were married (38.1%) with about four-fifth of these living with their spouses. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and depressive disorder were 49.7% and 38.4% respectively. Logistic regression revealed that poor social support predicts depressive in Schizophrenia. In conclusion, Depression is common in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, thorough evaluation of schizophrenic patients is necessary so that, co-morbid depression when present can be detected and considered in management to ensure good treatment outcome.

Lessons from Georgia’s neoliberal experiment: A rising tide does not necessarily lift all boats

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Gugushvili
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
Household Survey Data

Between 2004 and 2012, Georgia implemented one of the most comprehensive packages of neoliberal economic reforms ever. These reforms have certainly helped to spur growth, but their social effects remain under-researched. To narrow this gap, this article investigates the effects of growth on poverty in Georgia using the official household survey data. The analysis shows that contrary to popular expectations, poverty has decreased only slightly throughout this period and remains high despite a number of progressive measures adopted by a successor coalition government. These findings provide further evidence on the inappropriateness of the neoliberal model as a poverty reduction strategy.

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