Personal Bullying and Nurses’ Turnover Intentions in Pakistan: A Mixed Methods Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5448-5468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Farooq Malik ◽  
Abdul Sattar ◽  
Asif Shahzad ◽  
Rafia Faiz
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Political Skill ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Quantitative Results

In this study, quantitative and qualitative data are presented to examine the direct and mediated effect of personal bullying on nurses’ turnover intentions via job stress. The study also investigates the moderating role of political skill on the association between personal bullying and job stress. The study employed an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. In the first, quantitative phase of the study, data were collected from a sample of 324 registered nurses working in public sector hospitals of Pakistan using a self-administered questionnaire. Results from variance-based structural equation modeling showed that personal bullying has a direct as well as an indirect effect on nurses’ turnover intentions through job stress. Furthermore, results showed that political skill attenuates the effect of personal bullying on job stress. The second, qualitative phase was conducted as a follow-up to the quantitative results involving individual interviews from 11 nurses. Overall, the qualitative data validated the key quantitative results. The study is among the first to employ a mixed methods design to investigate the direct and mediated effects of personal bullying on nurses’ turnover intentions and the stress-buffering role of political skill.

scholarly journals The leading causes and consequences of citizenship pressure in the hotel industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1541-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyewon Youn ◽  
Jong-Hyeong Kim ◽  
Hanqun Song
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Study Results

Purpose This study aims to examine the causes of citizenship pressure and to investigate the relationship between citizenship pressure, job stress and turnover intentions. Specifically, the current study examines the effects of the personality trait of neuroticism and the organizational cultures of bureaucracy and the market. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 224 hotel employees in the People’s Republic of China using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The participants completed measures examining citizenship pressure, personality, organizational culture, job stress and intention to quit. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. Findings The results showed that employees who are more neurotic are more likely to experience citizenship pressure. Moreover, citizenship pressure was found to increase job stress and turnover intentions. However, a bureaucratic culture, which prizes stability, was found to reduce citizenship pressure. Practical implications This study presents factors that may influence hotel employees’ perceptions of citizenship pressure and reveals the negative consequences of such pressure. Thus, the study results contribute to a better understanding of citizenship pressure and can be used to develop guidelines to reduce citizenship pressure in work environments. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is the first empirical study to examine the antecedents and consequences of citizenship pressure in the hotel industry. Moreover, previous citizenship pressure studies have mainly been conducted in a Western cultural context; it is unclear whether citizenship pressure can be similarly observed in China, where the nature and form of employment relationships differ significantly from those in Western countries.

scholarly journals Economies of Scale Through E-Teaching in the Post-COVID Era – Students’ Improvements Recommendations Using Mixed Methods Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Eyal Eckhaus ◽  
Nitza Davidovitch
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Learning Centered

This study centers on a retrospective investigation of effective and pedagogic planning of academic digital courses taught during the COVID-19 crisis, from the students’ perspective. We shall focus on the difference between the traditional, teaching-centered paradigm, and the modern learning-centered approach, while emphasizing the formulation of learning outcomes in online study expanses, in light of the learning experience imposed on teachers and students at the various academic institutions.The study explored the learning outcomes from students’ point of view, as well as the benefits and challenges embodied by formulating learning goals in the post-COVID era, according to the learning-centered paradigm, relating to the strengths and weaknesses of the Zoom teaching method from the students’ perspective, predicated on 1,828 students from several institutions. We used a mixed methods design incorporating qualitative and quantitative analysis to develop the Online Teaching Recommendations (SOTR) model. We used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for goodness-of-fit.The research findings indicate that the various types of e-learning challenge academic institutions to carry out renewed thinking about the main potential advantage of physical academic institutions where students and teachers meet, talk, and discuss directly and unmediated, compared to virtual bodies of knowledge and teaching that are evolving at present and that are allegedly threatening to render universities irrelevant.

Relationships between job characteristics, work engagement, conscientiousness and managers’ turnover intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upasna A. Agarwal ◽  
Vishal Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Integrating the job demands-resources theory and the conservation of resources theory, the purpose of this paper is to develop and test a moderated-mediation model examining the relationships between motivating job characteristics, work engagement, conscientiousness and managers’ turnover intentions. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a survey questionnaire from 1,302 managers working in eight Indian private sector organizations. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analysis were used to test the hypothesized relationships between the study variables. Findings The study found evidence of the mediating role of work engagement for the relationship between motivating job characteristics and managers’ turnover intentions. Conscientiousness moderated the relationship between work engagement and turnover intention. The total and indirect effects of motivating job characteristics on turnover intention were moderated by conscientiousness. Research limitations/implications The study was cross-sectional, so inferences about causality are limited. Practical implications The findings of this study reaffirm the crucial role of job characteristics in influencing work engagement and turnover intention. By examining work engagement as a mediator for the job characteristics-turnover intention relationship, this study explores the process through which job characteristics are associated with turnover intention. The findings of the moderating influence of contentiousness on the relationship of direct and indirect effects of job characteristics suggests that individual personality can influence social exchanges as well as managerial attitudes and behaviors in multiple ways. Originality/value The study provides an insight into the underlying process through which job characteristics are related to managers’ turnover intentions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such a study is the first of its kind.

Examining school leadership in a transitional context: A mixed-methods study of leadership practices and school cultures as mechanisms of educational change

2020 ◽  
pp. 174114322097128
Author(s):  
Jasna Kovačević ◽  
Alisa Mujkić ◽  
Amra Kapo
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Cultures

This research presents the results of studies designed to observe the effects of school leadership and school culture as mechanisms of change in the context of a large-scale educational reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A mixed-methods approach was employed to illuminate how institutional context either activates or deactivates leadership and school cultures as mechanisms that influence teacher efficacy beliefs in times of large-scale educational reform. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed through three independent studies. Quantitative procedures included measurement model analysis, structural equation modeling and a non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test. The qualitative analytic approach encompassed procedures of content analysis and quantification of qualitative data from reform documents and semi-structured interviews in the form of hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling. The triangulation of findings occurred in the interpretation phase, characterized by the development of meta-inferences that go beyond the findings from each study.

scholarly journals The role of psychological empowerment and job satisfaction on turnover intentions directly and indirectly through affective commitment on registered nurses in healthcare industry of twin cities (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Nosheen Rafiq ◽  
Dr. Syed Haider Ali Shah ◽  
Shakeel Sajjad ◽  
Saleh Ahmed Salem Alyafei
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Twin Cities ◽  
Healthcare Industry

The shift from financial capital to the human capital has brought a significant change in the workplace and market. The role of nurses is getting crucial day by day and there is great need of retention of nurses in order to sustain the smooth operation of hospitals. Nurses’ turnover has gained much importance and has become a concern for the hospitals. Psychological empowerment plays a vital role in retention of the employees and in return leads to success of the organization. Proper psychological empowerment and job satisfaction build such an environment that leads to develop people and enhance their affective commitment in industry like service industry, particularly in healthcare industry where the first impression of an organization is portrayed by their nurses. Researchers and practitioners have paid much of their attention to understand this phenomenon. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of psychological empowerment and job satisfaction on nurses’ turnover intentions directly and indirectly through affective commitment. This study filled the gap by investigating such relationships in healthcare industry which has previously neglected, particularly at nurses level. A total of 520 questionnaires have been distributed in registered public and private hospitals located in twin cities of Pakistan. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM, AMOS) was employed to test hypotheses. This study showed relationships and interesting findings with mediation analysis. Findings of this study are important for top management of hospitals. In order to retain nurses, this study offers the theoretical and practical implications which could be used to enhance the affective commitment of nurses and reduce the turnover intentions.  

scholarly journals Effects of informal controls and psychological empowerment on job satisfaction

2022 ◽  
Vol 33 (88) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Capuano da Cruz ◽  
Anderson Betti Frare ◽  
Monique Couto Accadrolli ◽  
Vagner Horz
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Credit Union ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Informal Controls ◽  
Business Units

ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to investigate the effects of informal controls on psychological empowerment and job satisfaction. Despite previous studies having analyzed the role of certain management control systems in individual results, such as psychological empowerment and job satisfaction, the evidence on informal controls within this context is inconclusive. Credit union systems play a considerable role in economic growth, regional development, and employability. We therefore explore the perception of directors and managers of business units of one of the biggest cooperative systems regarding the informal controls used. Considering that job satisfaction has a series of implications for organizations (for example in employee loyalty and job performance), it is important to understand its determinants. The literature points to the growing concern among contemporary organizations about informal controls. Various studies focus on understanding the role of these controls and their respective effects on organizational and individual behaviors. From the individual perspective, there is a need to analyze the indirect effects of management controls on individual aspects by means of psychological variables. Thus, this study provides new evidence on informal controls in organizations by exploring the intervening role of psychological empowerment and the (beneficial) effects on job satisfaction. In addition, the study provides a methodological contribution to the national research on management control by adding an analysis based on mixed methods. A survey was applied to directors and managers of business units of one of the biggest credit union systems in Brazil. The data were analyzed using a mixed methods approach: partial least squares structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Informal controls are directly and indirectly associated (via empowerment) with job satisfaction. Moreover, the findings indicate more than one solution for high job satisfaction.

“It Is All in the Game!”: The Role of Political Skill for Perceived Employability Enhancement

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Chiesa ◽  
Beatrice I. J. M. Van der Heijden ◽  
Greta Mazzetti ◽  
Marco G. Mariani ◽  
Dina Guglielmi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Political Skill ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Perceived Employability

The current study was aimed at assessing the extent that job-seeking networking may explain the positive association between career planning and self-perceived employability. In addition, the moderator role of political skill in strengthening the relationship between career planning and job-seeking behavior was explored. A sample of N = 2,561 students and graduates searching for jobs from one of the largest Italian universities filled out an online questionnaire. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Results showed that the positive relationship between career planning and self-perceived employability was mediated by job-seeking networking. Furthermore, the association between career planning and job-seeking networking appeared to be stronger for people who possessed greater political skill. This study may advance the comprehension of the added value of proactive career behaviors within the process that links career planning and self-perceived employability. In addition, primary intervention aimed at maximizing graduates’ possibilities of attaining employment was suggested.

Individualism and internet addiction: the mediating role of psychological needs

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Arpaci ◽  
Şahin Kesici ◽  
Mustafa Baloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Quantitative Results

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of psychological needs in the association between individualism and internet addiction. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-method design was used by comprising of 602 college students’ (70.3 percent women) responses obtained through the Individualism-Collectivism Survey, New Needs Assessment Questionnaire, and Internet Addiction Scale. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to investigate the theoretical relationships among the constructs. Constant comparative method was employed to analyze qualitative data that resulted from the transcription of semi-structured interviews with 12 field experts. Findings Quantitative results showed that individualism has a significant effect on internet addiction through affiliation, dominance, achievement, and autonomy (i.e. psychological needs). As students’ needs for dominance, achievement, and autonomy increased their internet addiction levels decreased. However, increase in the need of affiliation led to increase in the likelihood of internet addiction. Qualitative findings suggested alternative ways to satisfy psychological needs in socially more proper ways. Originality/value Psychological needs and internet addiction have long been investigated both independently and in relation to each other. However, the investigation of espoused culture (i.e. individualism) in relation to psychological needs and internet addiction is relatively recent. A review of the recent literature showed that an investigation of the mediating role of psychological needs in the effect of individualism on internet addiction is highly original. Moreover, initial quantitative results and follow-up qualitative findings help the authors understand psychological needs underlying internet addiction and suggest socially more appropriate means to satisfy these needs. Findings have theoretical values for researchers as well as practical values for those who work with students.

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