Racial/Ethnic Differences in Alcohol and Drug Misuse Among IPV-Victimized Women: Exploring the Role of Difficulties Regulating Positive Emotions

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052094373
Author(s):  
Nicole H. Weiss ◽  
Melissa R. Schick ◽  
Ateka A. Contractor ◽  
Miranda E. Reyes ◽  
Nazaret C. Suazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction ◽  
Culturally Sensitive Interventions ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Alcohol and drug misuse is prevalent and problematic among women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV). Emotional dysfunction has been identified as a key mechanism in the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of alcohol and drug misuse. However, existing research has not considered the role of race/ethnicity in the relations between emotional dysfunction and alcohol and drug misuse. Furthermore, past research in this area has focused almost exclusively on emotional dysfunction stemming from negative (vs. positive) emotions. The goals of the current study were as follows: (a) to explore whether levels of difficulties regulating positive emotions differ among Latina, African American, and White IPV-victimized women, and (b) to examine the moderating role of race/ethnicity in the relations between difficulties regulating positive emotions and alcohol and drug misuse. Participants were 197 IPV-victimized women recruited through the criminal justice system ( Mage = 36.14; 51.8% African American, 31.5% White, and 16.8% Latina). Difficulties regulating positive emotions did not differ as a function of race/ethnicity. However, relations among difficulties regulating positive emotions and alcohol and drug misuse were significant for Latina and White but not African American IPV-victimized women. Moreover, race/ethnicity moderated an association between difficulties regulating positive emotions and drug misuse; this relation was significant and positive for White (compared with African American) IPV-victimized women. While preliminary, these results may inform culturally sensitive interventions for alcohol and drug misuse that are tailored to the unique needs of Latina, African American, and White IPV-victimized women.

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence and the Role of Child Maltreatment and Neighborhood Violence: A Retrospective Study of African American and US Caribbean Black Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Krim K. Lacey ◽  
Hira R. Shahid ◽  
Rohan D. Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
African American ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Moderating Effects

Background: Research suggests that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with childhood maltreatment and violence exposure within the neighborhood context. This study examined the role of child maltreatment and violence exposure on intimate partner violence, with the moderating effects of mental disorders (IPV) among US Black women. Methods: Data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), the largest and most complete sample on the mental health of US Blacks, and the first representative sample of Caribbean Blacks residing in the United States was used to address the study objectives. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test of independence, t-test, and logistic regression procedures were used to analyze the data. Results: Bivariate results indicate an association between child abuse and intimate partner victimization among US Black women. Witnessing violence as a child as well as neighborhood violence exposure was also related to IPV but shown to differ between African American and Caribbean Black women. Multivariate findings confirmed the influence of mental disorders and social conditions on US Black women’s risk for IPV. Moderating effects of child maltreatment and mental disorders in association with adult IPV were not found. Conclusions: The study addressed the short and long-term impact of child maltreatment and the contribution to the cycle of intimate violence among US Black women including African American and Caribbean Blacks. The study suggests the need for prevention and intervention efforts to improve structural conditions for at-risk populations and communities predisposed to violence and other negative outcomes. Possibilities for future research are also discussed.

Perceived Similarity in Identity Meanings, Identity Verification, and Positive Emotions

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Matthew Grindal ◽  
Ryan Trettevik
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Student Identity ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Identity Verification ◽  
Positive Feelings

Past research suggests that perceived similarity promotes good feelings and positive relationships between partners (Byrne, 1971). Current research in identity theory offers a theoretical framework for understanding part of this process. According to identity theory, when people experience identity verification, they feel good, which can generate social bonds. In this study, we examine the role of perceived similarity in identity meanings, and how this may be associated with identity verification, and in turn, positive feelings. Using survey data examining the student identity among a sample of college students, we find that students who perceive similarities between their own views of themselves as students and their close friends’ views of themselves as students are more likely to experience positive emotions. This effect is partially mediated by heightened identity verification. The theoretical implications for incorporating the concept of perceived similarity into identity theory are discussed, along with the applications of these findings to at-risk college students who are most vulnerable to dropping out.

Military Cohorts, Substance Use, and Male-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780121989347
Author(s):  
Roberto Cancio
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Military Families ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study considers variations of intimate partner violence (IPV) from the point of the perpetrator to test the impact of demographic factors on the type of IPV most prevalent among pre-9/11 and post-9/11 military families from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2008): Waves I and IV in-home interviews ( N = 499). Study findings indicate that the perpetration of physical and sexual IPV depends on the context of veteran cohort and race/ethnicity. Models for substance use and IPV patterns were not similar across military cohorts and/or racial/ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Injury Outcomes in African American and African Caribbean Women: The Role of Intimate Partner Violence

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn C. Anderson ◽  
Jamila K. Stockman ◽  
Bushra Sabri ◽  
Doris W. Campbell ◽  
Jacquelyn C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
African American ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Caribbean Women ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
Injury Outcomes

Healthcare Utilization, Unmet Service Needs, and HIV Treatment Outcomes among Racial/Ethnic Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 584-595
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Zhang ◽  
◽  
Roy Oman ◽  
Trudy Larson ◽  
Elizabeth Christiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate possible racial/ethnic differences regarding service utilization, linkage to care, and medication adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Methods: PLWHA (N = 142) 18 years or older were recruited from a needs assessment project conducted in Nevada in 2016. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire. The study variables included participants’ race/ethnicity (Caucasian, African-American, and Hispanic), service utilization, unmet service needs, linkage to care, and medication adherence. Significant between-group (race/ethnicity) differences regarding service utilization, linkage to care, and medication adherence were assessed. Results: There were no statistically significant between-group differences regarding utilized services, unmet service needs, linkage to care, and medication adherence (p > .05). However, there were statistically significant between-group differences for 4 individual utilized services. For example, African-American participants were 72% less likely to have utilized medical care services than Caucasians (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.10-0.74) and Hispanics were 84% less likely to have utilized mental health services than Caucasians (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.04-0.60). Conclusions: Health disparities among racial/ethnic groups exist, specifically regarding certain individual medical and support services. Federal and regional programs must allocate funding to address specific service needs and improve healthcare services for certain racial/ethnic groups.

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