scholarly journals The Role of Staphylococcus aureus in Mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Giordana Rimoldi ◽  
Paola Pileri ◽  
Martina Ilaria Mazzocco ◽  
Francesca Romeri ◽  
Giovanna Bestetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Background Breastfeeding women are at risk of developing mastitis during the lactation period. Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as the community-acquired pathogen responsible for virulence (methicillin resistance and Panton-Valentine leukocidin toxin producing). Research aim The aim was to compare the microorganisms responsible for mastitis and breast abscesses during breastfeeding. Methods This observational study was conducted with a sample of women ( N = 60) admitted to our hospital between 2016 and 2018. Participants affected by mastitis and breast abscess were studied and cared for by a multidisciplinary working group. A diagnostic breast ultrasound identified the pathology. Results Twenty-six participants (43.3%) were affected by mastitis and 34 (56.7%) by breast abscess. The most common microorganism identified was Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus; mastitis, n = 13; abscesses, n = 24). Methicillin resistance was identified in 21 (44.7%) S. aureus strains: 17 (80.9%) cases of abscess and four (19.1%) cases of mastitis. The median number of months of breastfeeding was smaller in the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) cases (median = 3, range = 1–20 months) than in the methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) cases (median = 6.5, range = 3–21 months). The Panton-Valentine leukocidin toxin gene was detected in 12 (25.5%) cases (MRSA, n = 8, 66.7%; MSSA, n = 4, 33.3%). Hospitalization was required more frequently in MRSA ( n = 8, 38%; five Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive) than in MSSA cases ( n = 5, 19%; one Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive). Four women out of the eight MRSA cases (50%) that were Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive stopped breastfeeding during mammary pathologies, three (37.5%) participants continued breastfeeding until the follow-up recall, and one case was lost at follow-up. Conclusion Clinical severity was probably complicated by the presence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin toxin, which required hospitalization more frequently.

Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene Detected in a Staphylococcus Aureus Strain Isolated from a Knee Arthroprosthesis Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Montanaro ◽  
Lucilla Baldassarri ◽  
Tolmino Corazzari ◽  
Roberta Creti ◽  
Stefano Ravaioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Strain Collection ◽  
Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

This report focuses on the molecular characterization of a Staphylococcus aureus strain isolated from a knee arthroprosthesis infection and recognized retrospectively as a carrier of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene. The stored microbiological isolate, which belonged to the strain collection of the Research Unit on Implant Infections of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, was retrieved for molecular analysis. Genotyping was carried out, revealing an interesting profile. In addition to the positivity for the Panton-Valentine toxin gene, the results indicated that the isolate belonged to the agr III group and was endowed with bbp and cna genes, both encoding for staphylococcal adhesins that bind bone proteins. The strain had the mecA gene for methicillin resistance, even though it was unable to resist any of the β-lactam or other antibiotics. Its gene configuration matched that of other community-acquired methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA and CA-MSSA) strains which have recently been reported worldwide. As far as we know, this is the first report on a PVL-positive S. aureus strain associated with an orthopedic implant (knee arthroprosthesis) infection.

scholarly journals Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Infection: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Beatriz Prista-Leão ◽  
Isabel Abreu ◽  
Raquel Duro ◽  
André Silva-Pinto ◽  
Filipa Ceia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Gene Search ◽  
Physician Awareness ◽  
Travel Abroad ◽  
Adequate Management ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA) is associated with relapsing multifocal skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), necrotizing pneumonia (NP) and severe musculoskeletal infections. Epidemiology is underknown and underdiagnosis is likely. Recent travel abroad, case clustering and relapsing disease are often reported. We reviewed all cases of PVL-SA infection diagnosed at our center, and found 21 cases over a 43-month period. Most patients were adult males, had relevant travel history, reported recurrent disease and presented with SSTI. Etiologic diagnosis took up to five years; meanwhile, 42% of patients had antibiotic treatments. Draining procedures were required in 43% of patients and intensive care support in 19%. All patients recovered. Methicillin-resistance prevalence was 24%. Only 2/13 decolonized patients had posterior relapsing SSTI, both with likely infected contacts. PVL-SA infection’s severity and impact are clear, even in small case series as ours. Physician awareness and active PVL-gene search are crucial for an adequate management.

scholarly journals Metastatic nodular pneumonia due to septic embolism: a Staphylococcal infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Krishna Shrestha ◽  
Brajendra Srivastava ◽  
Rabindra Khunjeli ◽  
Ushab Rana Mousin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peripheral Location ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Fluid Levels ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Secondary Metastasis

Ill-defined lung nodules mimicking secondary metastasis caused by Staphylococcus aureus though defined, is uncommon. We report a 58 years male with chest pain, dry cough, fever and abscess over the nape of neck. Bilateral nodules in the chest x-ray resembled metastasis. Workup for malignancy was negative. Induced sputum grew Staphylococcus aureus resistant to penicillin group. The lesions cavitated and produced air-fluid levels. Computed tomography confirmed the peripheral location, right sided hydropneumothorax and loculated fissural collection. Recovery was favourable but delayed with injectable ceftriaxone and levofloxacin initially followed by oral levofloxacin. Review chest radiograph showed residual cavities with small pneumothorax. Follow-up after three months showed resolution of all cavities and pneumothorax. Literature review revealed both Methicillin sensitive and resistant staphylococcus aureus can cause metastatic nodular pneumonia. Rapidly necrosis occurs if the organisms are capable of producing the toxin: Panton-Valentine Leukocidin. But this tendency is more common with community-acquired methicillin resistant strains.Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2014;3(2):68-71  

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus carrying lukS/F Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) toxin genes in hospitals of Lahore city

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (09) ◽  
pp. 720-725
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shaheen Iqbal ◽  
Yasar Saleem ◽  
Farheen Ansari ◽  
Muhammad Usman Qamar ◽  
Sania Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
High Level ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Introduction: Panton Valentine-Leukocidin (PVL) toxin is secreted by Staphylococcus aureus and is mostly associated with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). This study aims to find out the prevalence of lukS/F-PV gene, which encode PVL toxin from strains of SSTI, burn wounds and nasal colonizers of out-patients and to measure the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus isolates. Methodology: This is an analytical observational cross-section study and was conducted from July 2014 to June 2015 at four tertiary care hospitals and PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 376 random clinical swabs were collected from SSTI (n = 179), nasal nares (n = 134) and burn wounds (n = 63) from out-patients’ departments (OPD). The specimens were cultured on nutrient and mannitol salt agar (MSA) and the organism was identified by catalase, coagulase, and DNase tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility, methicillin, inducible clindamycin, and high-level mupirocin (HLMR) resistance were determined as per CLSI guidelines. Molecular identification of mecA and lukS/F-PV genes was performed by PCR. Results: We isolated 127 S. aureus, where 41 (32.3%) were MRSA and 86 (67.7%) were MSSA. All MRSA carried mecA gene whereas lukS/F-PV gene was found in 21 MRSA and 31 MSSA strains. Overall, a high antimicrobial resistance was found against MRSA and lukS/F-PV positive MSSA. Inducible clindamycin and high-level mupirocin resistance (HLMR) was 23.6% and 19.5% respectively. Conclusions: A high rate of PVL toxin gene was detected among S. aureus strains and a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant strains was observed.

#82: Osteomyelitis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Producing Staphylococcus aureus Strains, Experience in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Mexico City

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S9-S9
Author(s):  
Nancy Aguilar ◽  
Alejandra Aquino ◽  
Guillermo Vázquez ◽  
Jocelin Mérida ◽  
Oscar Isunza-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Abstract Background S. aureus is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in children. Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) is an exotoxin produced by certain S. aureus strains, which can be detected in both methicillin-sensitive and -resistant strains of staphylococci. Pediatric osteomyelitis by PVL producing S. aureus constitute a rare, but highly critical event. They are characterized by a rapid course of marked inflammation, worsening under conservative therapy, and a high rate of recurrence. No information is available on osteomyelitis and Panton-Valentine leukocidin producing S. aureus in Mexico. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the molecular characterization of S. aureus strains isolated in pediatric patients with osteomyelitis and their clinical features in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. Methods We conducted a prospective study of children admitted for osteomyelitis, between December 2018 and November 2019, at Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. We obtained an informed consent in children under 12 years of age and an informed assent in children over 12. The confirmation of the S. aureus isolates was performed by amplification and analysis of 16S rRNA and nuc genes. The mecA and pvl genes were detected by PCR, the clinical features were obtained at the admission. Results Fifty patients were included and 26 cases of osteomyelitis were diagnosed, 13 were due to staphylococcus aureus genus and 6 due to S. aureus; all of them were methicillin susceptible and two were PVL producers. Both patients had a severe initial presentation, with extensive local abscesses, and one required three surgical procedures and developed septic pulmonary embolism. The two patients received double antimicrobial treatment and required a long therapy interval. Conclusions Osteomyelitis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin producing S. aureus seems to be more severe. In patients with severe osteomyelitis, it is essential to detect the PVL toxin because they require early surgical intervention and prolonged intravenous therapy. Our findings suggest that the severity of the osteomyelitis is linked with PVL production more than with methicillin resistance due to that all our isolates were methicillin susceptible.

More than just a simple abscess: could it be caused by Panton–Valentine leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus?

2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-327
Author(s):  
J Manara ◽  
P Shears
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Alar Region ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

AbstractObjective:A 33-year-old woman presented with a three-day history of an abscess in the left alar region, four weeks after drainage of a breast abscess. The later infection was confirmed to be due to Panton–Valentine leukocidin positive, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This report aims to raise awareness of such infections, and to advise when Panton–Valentine leukocidin toxin testing is appropriate.Method:Case report and discussion.Results:Although superficial Panton–Valentine leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus infections are relatively benign, more serious infections can be potentially life-threatening. Clinicians should be able to identify the features of potential Panton–Valentine leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus infection, in order to implement appropriate therapy.Conclusion:Clinicians need to be aware of Panton–Valentine leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus infections, and should ask specific questions when investigating the clinical history of patients with recurrent abscesses, as this bacterial strain is not routinely assessed by microbiology departments. If such an infection is suspected, clinicians should be aware of local protocols regarding toxin testing, antibiotic choice and decolonisation agents.

Population dynamics ofStaphylococcus aureusfrom Northeastern Nigeria in 2007 and 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (8) ◽  
pp. 1737-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. OKON ◽  
A. O. SHITTU ◽  
A. A. KUDI ◽  
H. UMAR ◽  
K. BECKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

SUMMARYThe population structure ofStaphylococcus aureusis changing globally but the situation regarding dominant clones in sub-Saharan Africa is not clear. We therefore assessed changes in the population structure of clinicalS. aureusisolates obtained in 2007 (n = 75) and 2012 (n = 75) from Northeastern Nigeria. A reduction in resistance to penicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin and clindamycin was observed in 2012. A decrease of methicillin resistance rates (13·3% to 8·0%) was associated with the decline of the ST241 MRSA clone. The proportion of Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive isolates also decreased from 65·3% to 44%, and was linked with the emergence of PVL-negative ST601 clone in 2012. The significant decline in antibiotic resistance in the study area is in contrast to the worldwide trend of increasing resistance rates.

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