Malignant Transformation of a Canine Papillomavirus Type 1-Induced Persistent Oral Papilloma in a 3-Year-Old Dog

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Margarita Regalado Ibarra ◽  
Loïc Legendre ◽  
John S. Munday
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Mandibular First Molar ◽  
Multiple Polymerase Chain Reaction

This case report describes a rare case of a persistent canine papillomavirus type 1 (CPV-1)-induced oral papilloma that underwent malignant transformation into an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a 3-year-old Labrador retriever cross. Initially, the patient had multiple and multifocal verrucous lesions populating the oral cavity exclusively. The papillomas persisted despite multiple surgical ablations, azithromycin, interferon α-2b, alternative medicines, and off-label drug use of an immunostimulant. After 1 year and 6 months, an aggressive lesion developed at the level of the left mandibular first molar (309) and progressed to a well-differentiated invasive OSCC. The presence of CPV-1 DNA in the OSCC, and the known oncogenic abilities of CPV-1, suggests that this virus might have played a significant role in the emergence of the OSCC that ultimately led to the patient’s euthanasia due to poor quality of life. This is the first well-documented case where OSCC has developed from an oral papilloma caused by CPV-1 in which the presence of coinfection by another papillomavirus was excluded by multiple polymerase chain reaction tests using various primers.

scholarly journals Brain tissue transcriptomic analysis of SIV-infected macaques identifies several altered metabolic pathways linked to neuropathogenesis and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) as potential therapeutic targets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Mavian ◽  
Andrea S. Ramirez-Mata ◽  
James Jarad Dollar ◽  
David J. Nolan ◽  
Melanie Cash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Lymphocyte Depletion ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Siv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Despite improvements in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in subjects undergoing therapy. HAND significantly affects individuals’ quality of life, as well as adherence to therapy, and, despite the increasing understanding of neuropathogenesis, no definitive diagnostic or prognostic marker has been identified. We investigated transcriptomic profiles in frontal cortex tissues of Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected Rhesus macaques sacrificed at different stages of infection. Gene expression was compared among SIV-infected animals (n = 11), with or without CD8+ lymphocyte depletion, based on detectable (n = 6) or non-detectable (n = 5) presence of the virus in frontal cortex tissues. Significant enrichment in activation of monocyte and macrophage cellular pathways was found in animals with detectable brain infection, independently from CD8+ lymphocyte depletion. In addition, transcripts of four poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) were up-regulated in the frontal cortex, which was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results shed light on involvement of PARPs in SIV infection of the brain and their role in SIV-associated neurodegenerative processes. Inhibition of PARPs may provide an effective novel therapeutic target for HIV-related neuropathology.

Type 1 Diabetes Among Adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Di Battista ◽  
Trevor A. Hart ◽  
Laurie Greco ◽  
Jan Gloizer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Fear Of Hypoglycemia ◽  
General Populations

Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the association between social anxiety and adherence to diabetes self-care and quality of life and to determine the effects of fear of hypoglycemia on these associations in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. It is hypothesized that (1) social anxiety will be negatively associated with adherence and quality of life and (2) that fear of hypoglycemia will mediate this relationship. It is also hypothesized that (3) girls will have higher social anxiety than boys. Methods Adolescents with type 1 diabetes were recruited during clinic visits at 2 international centers. Participants answered a survey containing questionnaires on social anxiety, behavioral adherence to the diabetes self-care regimen, quality of life, fear of hypoglycemia, and last hemoglobin A1C results. Results Seventy-six adolescents (33 boys, 43 girls), mean age 15.9 (1.44) years, participated. Social anxiety levels are not statistically different between genders. In boys, social anxiety is associated with worse diet and insulin injection adherence; no associations are found in girls. Social anxiety is positively correlated with poor quality of life in both genders. Fear of hypoglycemia mediates the relationship between social anxiety and insulin adherence in boys. Conclusions Findings suggest that social anxiety, which is common in general populations of adolescents, may interfere with behavioral adherence and quality of life among adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Screening and treatment of social anxiety may result in better adherence and increased quality of life.

scholarly journals Brain tissue transcriptomic analysis of SIV-infected macaques identifies several altered metabolic pathways linked to neuropathogenesis, and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) as potential therapeutic targets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Mavian ◽  
Andrea S. Ramirez-Mata ◽  
James Jarad Dollar ◽  
David J. Nolan ◽  
Kevin White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Lymphocyte Depletion ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Siv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractBackgroundDespite improvements in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in subjects undergoing therapy. HAND significantly affects individuals’ quality of life, as well as adherence to therapy, and, despite the increasing understanding of neuropathogenesis, no definitive diagnostic or prognostic marker has been identified.ResultsWe investigated transcriptomic profiles in frontal cortex tissues of Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected Rhesus macaques sacrificed at different stages of infection. Gene expression was compared among SIV-infected animals (n=11), with or without CD8+ lymphocyte depletion, based on detectable (n=6) or non-detectable (n=5) presence of the virus in frontal cortex tissues. Significant enrichment in activation of monocyte and macrophage cellular pathways was found in animals with detectable brain infection, independently from CD8+ lymphocyte depletion. In addition, transcripts of four poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) were up-regulated in the frontal cortex, which was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.ConclusionsOur results shed light on involvement of PARPs in SIV infection of the brain and their role in SIV-associated neurodegenerative processes. Inhibition of PARPs may provide an effective novel therapeutic target for HIV-related neuropathology.

scholarly journals Clinical autonomic dysfunction in narcolepsy type 1

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Barateau ◽  
Sofiene Chenini ◽  
Elisa Evangelista ◽  
Isabelle Jaussent ◽  
Regis Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Clinical Autonomic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Drug Free

Abstract Study Objectives (1) To compare the presence of autonomic symptoms using the validated SCOPA-AUT questionnaire in untreated patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) to healthy controls, (2) to study the determinants of a high total SCOPA-AUT score in NT1, and (3) to evaluate the effect of drug intake on SCOPA-AUT results in NT1. Methods The SCOPA-AUT questionnaire that evaluates gastrointestinal, urinary, cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, pupillomotor, and sexual dysfunction was completed by 92 consecutive drug-free adult NT1 patients (59 men, 39.1 ± 15.6 years old) and 109 healthy controls (63 men, 42.6 ± 18.2 years old). A subgroup of 59 NT1 patients completed the questionnaire a second time, under medication (delay between two evaluations: 1.28 ± 1.14 years). Results Compared to controls, NT1 patients were more frequently obese, had more dyslipidemia, with no difference for age and gender. The SCOPA-AUT score of NT1 was higher than in controls in crude and adjusted models. Patients experienced more problems than controls in all subdomains. A higher score in NT1 was associated with older age, longer disease duration, altered quality of life and more depressive symptoms, but not with orexin levels and disease severity. Among patients evaluated twice, the SCOPA-AUT score total did not differ according to treatment status, neither did each subdomain. Conclusion We captured a frequent and large spectrum of clinical autonomic dysfunction in NT1, with impairment in all SCOPA-AUT domains, without key impact of medication intake. This assessment may allow physicians to screen and treat various symptoms, often not spontaneously reported but associated with poor quality of life.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Normal Subjects Harbouring BCR-ABL1 Fusion Gene

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jew Win Kuan ◽  
Anselm Ting Su ◽  
Chooi Fun Leong ◽  
Motomi Osato ◽  
Goro Sashida
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) requires quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to monitor BCR-ABL1 in International Scale (IS). Some normal subjects were found to harbour BCR-ABL1. We performed a systematic review on normal subjects harbouring BCR-ABL1. A literature search was done on July 16, 2017 using EBSCOhost Research Databases interface and Western Pacific Region Index Medicus. Two authors selected the studies, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of studies using the modified Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies independently. The outcomes were prevalence, level of BCR-ABL1IS, proportion, and time of progression to CML. The initial search returned 4,770 studies. Eleven studies, all having used convenient sampling, were included, with total of 1,360 subjects. Ten studies used qualitative PCR and one used qPCR (not IS). The mean prevalence of M-BCR was 5.9, 15.5, and 15.9% in cord blood/newborns/infants (CB/NB/I) (n = 170), children (n = 90), and adults (n = 454), respectively, while m-BCR was 15, 26.9, and 23.1% in CB/NB/I (n = 786), children (n = 67), and adults (n = 208), respectively. No study reported the proportion and time of progression to CML. Nine studies were graded as moderate quality, one study as poor quality, and one study as unacceptable. The result of the studies could neither be inferred to the general normal population nor compared. Follow-up data were scarce.

scholarly journals Comorbidity of Depression and Anxiety: Association with Poor Quality of Life in Type 1 and 2 Diabetic Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia C. de Ornelas Maia ◽  
Arthur de Azevedo Braga ◽  
Flávia Paes ◽  
Sergio Machado ◽  
Mauro Giovanni Carta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Diabetes is associates with depression and impairment in Quality of Life (QoL). Objective: The objective is to define the frequencies of depressive and anxiety symptoms in a sample of patients diagnosed with type 1 and 2 diabetes, the amount of impairment of QoL and the weight of depression and anxiety in determining the QoL in such of patients. Methods: A total of 210 patients were divided into two groups (type 1 and type 2). Patients completed the HADS and WHOQoL-bref. Results: Groups showed a high prevalence of anxiety (type 1 = 60%, type 2 = 43.8%) and depression (type 1 = 52.4%, type 2 = 38.1%), both measures were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in diabetes type 1 patients. Type 1 patients also showed a QoL in the overall assessment and the physical, psychological and social relations domains. In both Type 1 and 2 diabetes poor QoL was found associated by anxiety and depression comorbidity. Conclusion: In overall diabetes patients depression and anxiety seems to be a determinant of poor QoL.

scholarly journals Brain tissue transcriptomic analysis of SIV-infected macaques identifies Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) as potential biomarkers for neuropathogenesis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Mavian ◽  
Andrea S Ramirez-Mata ◽  
James Jarad Dollar ◽  
David J Nolan ◽  
Shannan N Rich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Lymphocyte Depletion ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Siv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background. Despite improvements in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in subjects undergoing therapy. HAND significantly affects individuals’ quality of life, as well as adherence to therapy, and, despite the increasing understanding of neuropathogenesis, no definitive diagnostic or prognostic marker has been identified.Results. We investigated transcriptomic profiles in frontal cortex tissues of Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected Rhesus macaques sacrificed at different stages of infection. Gene expression was compared among SIV-infected animals (n=11), with or without CD8+ lymphocyte depletion, based on detectable (n=6) or non-detectable (n=5) presence of the virus in frontal cortex tissues. S ignificant enrichment in activation of monocyte and macrophage cellular pathways was found in animals with detectable brain infection, independently from CD8+ lymphocyte depletion . In addition, transcripts of four poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases ( PARPs) were up-regulated in the frontal cortex, which was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Conclusions. Our results shed light on involvement of PARPs in SIV infection of the brain and their role in SIV-associated neurodegenerative processes. Inhibition of PARPs may provide an effective novel therapeutic target for HIV-related neuropathology .

Molecular analysis of FVIII gene in severe HA patients of Costa Rica

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S150-S152
Author(s):  
G. Jiménez-Cruz ◽  
M. Mendez ◽  
P. Chaverri ◽  
P. Alvarado ◽  
W. Schröder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Factor Viii Gene ◽  
Intron 22 Inversion ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Inversion Analysis

SummaryHaemophilia A (HA) is X-chromosome linked bleeding disorders caused by deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). It is caused by FVIII gene intron 22 inversion (Inv22) in approximately 45% and by intron 1 inversion (Inv1) in 5% of the patients. Both inversions occur as a result of intrachromosomal recombination between homologous regions, in intron 1 or 22 and their extragenic copy located telomeric to the FVIII gene. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of these mutations in 25 HA Costa Rican families. Patients, methods: We studied 34 HA patients and 110 unrelated obligate members and possible carriers for the presence of Inv22or Inv1. Standard analyses of the factor VIII gene were used incl. Southern blot and long-range polymerase chain reaction for inversion analysis. Results: We found altered Inv22 restriction profiles in 21 patients and 37 carriers. It was found type 1 and type 2 of the inversion of Inv22. During the screening for Inv1 among the HA patient, who were Inv22 negative, we did not found this mutation. Discussion: Our data highlight the importance of the analysis of Inv22 for their association with development of inhibitors in the HA patients and we are continuous searching of Inv1 mutation. This knowledge represents a step for genetic counseling and prevention of the inhibitor development.

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