The martyrdom of Daniel and the Three Youths

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-227
Author(s):  
Alexey Somov
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Textual History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rewritten Bible

This article investigates the legend about the persecution and martyrdom of Daniel and his three companions at the hand of a wicked Persian king. This story is found in Eastern Orthodox liturgical, hagiographical, and homiletical texts and is based on extracanonical traditions similar to those of the “rewritten Bible” in the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. The article investigates how the canonical story about Daniel and the Three Youths developed into this account of their martyrdom for Christ. The origins, liturgical function, and textual history of this legend are discussed, as well as its structure and tradition-history. My analysis demonstrates that this legend combines a martyrological account (similar to other stories about Jewish martyrs, for example, Daniel 3, 6; 2 Macc 7) with a reinterpretation of stories about biblical heroes. The legend also includes a resurrection story based on an unexpected exegesis of Matt 27:52–53 and 1 Cor 15:6.

scholarly journals Traditions about the Martyrdom and Resurrection of Daniel and the Three Youths

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-488
Author(s):  
A. B. Somov
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Textual History ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rewritten Bible

The article deals with the Christian legend about the persecution and martyrdom of Daniel and his three companions at the hands of a wicked Persian king. This story is found in mediaeval Eastern Orthodox liturgical, hagiographical, and homiletical texts and is based on extracanonical traditions similar to those of the “rewritten Bible” in the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. The article demonstrates how the “canonical” story about Daniel and the Three Youths developed into this legend, which narrates their martyrdom for Christ and their subsequent resurrection together with him. The origins and textual history of this legend are discussed, as well as its content and structure. It is demonstrated that this legend combines a martyrological account, which is similar to the narrative of Dan 3, 6; 2 Macc 7, with a reinterpretation of stories about biblical heroes. In addition, it is shown how the tradition about the resurrection of the righteous, which is based on an eccentric exegesis of the New Testament passages of Math. 27:52-53 and 1 Cor 15:6, functions in this legend. The liturgical, homiletic and hagiographical traditions regarding the martyrdom and the resurrection of Daniel and the Three Youths.

Archaic Chronologies and the Textual History of the Old Testament

1974 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph W. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Hebrew Scriptures ◽  
Textual History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Old Greek

Recent studies in the chronology of the monarchical period have demonstrated that the variations between the chronologies of MT and LXX are not the result of isolated misreadings, but are a product of different chronological calculations. These studies have been important not only for historical reconstruction, including new proposals for identification of kings involved in various war, but they have shed a good deal of light on the history of the text of the Hebrew Scriptures and LXX, including the Old Greek and the proto-Lucianic and kaige recensions. Furthermore, it is now possible to assign priority to one chronological system over another, and to understand why the different systems arose.

scholarly journals The Textual History of the Ethiopic Old Testament Project (THEOT): Goals and Initial Findings

Textus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-110
Author(s):  
Daniel Assefa ◽  
Steve Delamarter ◽  
Garry Jost ◽  
Ralph Lee ◽  
Curt Niccum
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Hebrew Text ◽  
Song Of Songs ◽  
Textual History ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article offers an introduction to the Textual History of the Ethiopic Old Testament (THEOT) project. This includes a description of the background to THEOT and its primary purpose of mapping the history of the transmission of the Ethiopic Old Testament. The bulk of the article summarizes the project’s preliminary findings, generally, and, in particular, about Ethiopic Psalms, Song of Songs, Deuteronomy, Ruth, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, and Haggai. Some attention is also given to evidences of contact with the Hebrew text tradition, although the Ethiopic is clearly a daughter version of the LXX.

scholarly journals “Old Testament Awareness” and the Textual Tradition of the Explicit Quotations of Isaiah in Codex Bezae’s Acts

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-378
Author(s):  
Ronald H. van der Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Acts Of The Apostles ◽  
Subsequent Change ◽  
Textual Tradition ◽  
Textual History ◽  
History Of

This article investigates the textual history of the explicit quotations of Isaiah in the Acts of the Apostles of Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis (Acts 7:49-50; 13:34; 13:47) by introducing the concept of “Old Testament awareness.” This concept can be defined as the degree to which a nt tradition, at any stage of its transmission history, is aware of a quotation stemming from the ot. ot awareness can be identified in the layout of Codex Bezae (e.g., the indentation of text in the manuscript to indicate ot quotations), the text of quotations (e.g., readings that can be shown to be a subsequent change towards an ot tradition) and the context of the quoted text (e.g., the quotations’ introductory formulae). Through assessing the ot awareness of Codex Bezae’s explicit quotations of Isaiah, different stages in the transmission history of the text of these quotations in Codex Bezae’s Acts can be identified.

History of the Study of Apocrypha in Early Medieval England

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Early Judaism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early English

Literature written in England between about 500 and 1100 CE attests to a wide range of traditions, although it is clear that Christian sources were the most influential. Biblical apocrypha feature prominently across this corpus of literature, as early English authors clearly relied on a range of extra-biblical texts and traditions related to works under the umbrella of what have been called “Old Testament Pseudepigrapha” and “New Testament/Christian Apocrypha." While scholars of pseudepigrapha and apocrypha have long trained their eyes upon literature from the first few centuries of early Judaism and early Christianity, the medieval period has much to offer. This article presents a survey of significant developments and key threads in the history of scholarship on apocrypha in early medieval England. My purpose is not to offer a comprehensive bibliography, but to highlight major studies that have focused on the transmission of specific apocrypha, contributed to knowledge about medieval uses of apocrypha, and shaped the field from the nineteenth century up to the present. Bringing together major publications on the subject presents a striking picture of the state of the field as well as future directions.

The Art of Chinese Philosophy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Goldin
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Han Feizi ◽  
Textual History ◽  
Classical Chinese ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crucial Characteristic ◽  
The Way

This book provides an unmatched introduction to eight of the most important works of classical Chinese philosophy—the Analects of Confucius, Mozi, Mencius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Sunzi, Xunzi, and Han Feizi. The book places these works in rich context that explains the origin and meaning of their compelling ideas. Because none of these classics was written in its current form by the author to whom it is attributed, the book begins by asking, “What are we reading?” and showing that understanding the textual history of the works enriches our appreciation of them. A chapter is devoted to each of the eight works, and the chapters are organized into three sections: “Philosophy of Heaven,” which looks at how the Analects, Mozi, and Mencius discuss, often skeptically, Heaven (tian) as a source of philosophical values; “Philosophy of the Way,” which addresses how Laozi, Zhuangzi, and Sunzi introduce the new concept of the Way (dao) to transcend the older paradigms; and “Two Titans at the End of an Age,” which examines how Xunzi and Han Feizi adapt the best ideas of the earlier thinkers for a coming imperial age. In addition, the book presents explanations of the protean and frequently misunderstood concept of qi—and of a crucial characteristic of Chinese philosophy, nondeductive reasoning. The result is an invaluable account of an endlessly fascinating and influential philosophical tradition.

Itumeleng Mosala: Giving Theology Its World, Feet and Hands

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatso Mofokeng
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Black Consciousness Movement

Worthy of celebration is the contribution made by Itumeleng Mosala (hereafter Mosala) to the Black Methodist Consultation, the theological community in Southern Africa, and the Black Consciousness Movement. This article attempts to give theology its world, feet and hands in the person of Mosala. The article departs from the narration of the history of Mosala. It locates Mosala within township life and Old Testament scholarship. Furthermore, the article searches for suitable and effective weapons of intellectual struggle in light of Mosala’s life. The aim of this article is to celebrate the indelible footprints that Mosala made as he communed with black people.

Later Lutheran, Swiss Reformed, and Calvinist Readings of Sacred History in the Old Testament Prophets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sujin Pak
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sacred History

The next generation of Lutheran, Swiss Reformed, and Calvinist Reformed leaders retained the distinctive confessional emphases on transition (Luther), extension (Calvin), and covenant (Swiss Reformed) in their engagements with the sacred history of the Old Testament prophets. Lutheran exegetes emphasized literal prophecies of Christ; Calvinists emphasized an analogical interpretation; and Swiss Reformed leaders upheld both readings of the text simultaneously. Confessional distinctions remained palpable in their identification of doctrine as the prime content (Lutheran) versus history (Reformed) and an overall view of history as one of decline (Lutheran) versus progress (Reformed), in which increasing emphasis on the apocalyptic element becomes evident in both.

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