The Cybersecurity and the Care Robots: A Viewpoint on the Open Problems and the Perspectives

Care robots represent an opportunity for the health domain. The use of these robots has important implications. They can be used in surgery, rehabilitation, assistance, therapy, and other medical fields. Therefore, care robots (CR)s, have both important physical and psychological implications during their use. Furthermore, these devices, meet important data in clinical applications. These data must be protected. Therefore, cybersecurity (CS) has become a crucial characteristic that concerns all the involved actors. The study investigated the collocation of CRs in the context of CS studies in the health domain. Problems and peculiarities of these devices, with reference to the CS, were faced, investigating in different scientific databases. Highlights, ranging also from ethics implications up to the regulatory legal framework (ensuring safety and cybersecurity) have been reported. Models and cyber-attacks applicable on the CRs have been identified.

Alteration of the Optical and Mechanical Characteristics of Cellulose Nanofibre Films Under Thermal Treatment

Nanocelluloses and their different designs, such as films and nanopapers, have gained considerable interest in many application areas due to their unique properties. For many purposes, such as for packaging and electronics, the thermal stability of nanocellulose materials is a crucial characteristic. In this study, the effects of heat treatment (100ºC, 150ºC and 200ºC) on the optical and mechanical properties of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy radical-oxidised cellulose nanofibre (TO-CNF) films were investigated, especially the alteration of the colour, complex refractive index and birefringence of the films. Exposing TO-CNF films to high temperatures (> 150ºC) induced permanent transformations in the CNF structure, leading to an increase in the refractive index, decreases in the birefringence and crystallinity index, colour darkening and significant deterioration of the mechanical properties.

Bandgap Engineering and Near-Infrared-II Optical Properties of Monolayer MoS2: A First-Principle Study

The fluorescence-based optical imaging in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II, 1,000–1,700 nm) has broad applications in the biomedical field, but it is still difficult to find new NIR-II fluorescence materials in the two dimension. As a crucial characteristic of the electronic structure, the band structure determines the fundamental properties of two-dimensional materials, such as their optical excitations and electronic transportation. Therefore, we calculated the electronic structures and optical properties of different crystalline phases (1T phase and 2H phase) of pure monolayer MoS2 films and found that the 1T phase has better absorption and thus better fluorescence in the NIR-II window. However, its poor stability makes the 1T-phase MoS2 less useful in vivo bioimaging. By introducing vacancy defects and doping with foreign atoms, we successfully tuned the bandgap of the monolayer 2H-MoS2 and activated it in the NIR-II. Our results show that by engineering the vacancy defects, the bandgap of the 2H phase can be tailored to around 1 eV, and there are three candidates of vacancy structures that exhibit strong absorption in the NIR-II.

Holistic Leadership: The Islamic Characteristic of Malaysian Gifted Learners inPusat Genius

Leadership is a crucial characteristic that empowers Gifted Learners (GL) to understand responsibility. This study is a qualitative study which aims to explore the Islamic leadership characteristics' levels among Malaysian GL during the presentation of their assignment by grouping. Researchers selected 10 participants to lead a group and, conducted an interview session after they have done their presentation. This article is aimed to distinguish the component of Islamic leadership outlines amongst Malaysian GL and how they show their responsibility in their task accomplishment of Islamic Education. This study contributes by helping GL to build confidence and nurture their leadership potential as future leaders.

Utilization and Governance of Waqf Property

Waqf is one of the benevolence charities that are highly encourage in Islam. Through the donated waqf property, the benefit will provide to all of the beneficiaries directly or indirectly. Thus, all waqf property should be managed and administered efficiently. A good and effective institutional mutawalli is capable not only to develop but also to utilize the property. However, most institutional mutawalli facing challenges in their governance practices; hence, these properties are not being utilized to achieve their full impact to other beneficiaries. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to analyse the current utilization of waqf property and to explore the governance practices based on experience of corporation institution as an institutional mutawalli (IM). A qualitative method applied in this study where formal and semi-structured interview conducted where the participants are those in leadership positions such as CEO and the top management of the chosen institutional mutawalli. This study has chosen Waqaf A-Nur Corporations Berhad (WANCorp) as a case study. The finding from this study discussed in detail the practice and experience of the waqf institution in utilization and governance their waqf properties. This study identifies the crucial characteristic in the waqf property which needs to possess in utilizing and governing the waqf property. The finding also could benefit the similar and different institutional mutawalli and policy makers to identify the important interdependent characteristics to help them attain growth performance.

The Art of Chinese Philosophy

This book provides an unmatched introduction to eight of the most important works of classical Chinese philosophy—the Analects of Confucius, Mozi, Mencius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Sunzi, Xunzi, and Han Feizi. The book places these works in rich context that explains the origin and meaning of their compelling ideas. Because none of these classics was written in its current form by the author to whom it is attributed, the book begins by asking, “What are we reading?” and showing that understanding the textual history of the works enriches our appreciation of them. A chapter is devoted to each of the eight works, and the chapters are organized into three sections: “Philosophy of Heaven,” which looks at how the Analects, Mozi, and Mencius discuss, often skeptically, Heaven (tian) as a source of philosophical values; “Philosophy of the Way,” which addresses how Laozi, Zhuangzi, and Sunzi introduce the new concept of the Way (dao) to transcend the older paradigms; and “Two Titans at the End of an Age,” which examines how Xunzi and Han Feizi adapt the best ideas of the earlier thinkers for a coming imperial age. In addition, the book presents explanations of the protean and frequently misunderstood concept of qi—and of a crucial characteristic of Chinese philosophy, nondeductive reasoning. The result is an invaluable account of an endlessly fascinating and influential philosophical tradition.

Community coalescence: an eco-evolutionary perspective

Community coalescence, the mixing of different communities, is widespread throughout microbial ecology. Coalescence can result in approximately equal contributions from the founding communities or dominance of one community over another. These different outcomes have ramifications for community structure and function in natural communities, and the use of microbial communities in biotechnology and medicine. However, we have little understanding of when a particular outcome might be expected. Here, we integrate existing theory and data to speculate on how a crucial characteristic of microbial communities—the type of species interaction that dominates the community—might affect the outcome of microbial community coalescence. Given the often comparable timescales of microbial ecology and microevolution, we explicitly consider ecological and evolutionary dynamics, and their interplay, in determining coalescence outcomes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Conceptual challenges in microbial community ecology’.

Thermal conductivity of Toyoura sand at various moisture and stress conditions

Thermal conductivity of soils is a crucial characteristic in various geotechnical applications, such as geothermal pumps, energy piles and buried pipelines. Previous researchers have done extensive works on the factors that may affect the soil thermal conductivity, including soil porosity, degree of saturation, mineralogy, testing temperatures, particle size and gradation. A modified oedometer frame that can incorporate the transient heat probe method is adopted to investigate the influence of stress state on thermal conductivity of Toyoura sand. Preliminary test under 1-D compression shows that the thermal conductivity of sand increases with the rise of vertical stress, and the variation exhibits hysteresis during a loading and unloading cycle. In addition, the effects of void ratio and water content were also studied and test results agreed well with previous values reported in the literature.

VERNACULAR DESIGN AS VISUAL PRACTICE OF URBAN SPACE ORGANIZATION

Article discusses specific status of the vernacular design in the visual style of the modern Ukrainian city, where indigenous dwellers coexist with those who came recently from the country. The vernacular regions in Ukrainian cities are analyzed as complex, eclectic and grass-roots. The vernacular design is understood within the complex cultural environment, where different traditions and cultural identities coexist. The terms "vernacular life", "vernacular landscape" are explicated. The vernacular landscape is interpreted in the context of the everyday human activities brought into the public urban spaces. The crucial characteristic (amateur, brutal, trying to be visible and being invisible, economical, tactical, irrational, anachronistic) and the main principles (constraint, thrift, durability, commonness) of the vernacular design are studied within the interpretive context of urban culture collective identity.