A proposed driving cycle for brake emissions investigation for test stand

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Perricone ◽  
Mattia Alemani ◽  
Jens Wahlström ◽  
Ulf Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Particle Emission ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Test Cycle ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Brake Dynamometer ◽  
Emission Studies

Particulate matter emission factors from vehicle brakes are difficult to assess directly from the field. Moreover, there is a lack of a standardized cycle and test stand for evaluating brake emissions. For these reasons, a test cycle was developed from real driving data collected from a car. This new test cycle was implemented on an inertia disc brake dynamometer appositely designed for brake particle emission studies. Results reveal that, for the brake system used as an example, the obtained emission factors for the urban driving conditions studied are comparable to EURO 6 regulations in terms of particle number and comparable to EURO 4 levels in terms of mass with brake emission factors equal to 4.37–6.46 × 1011 particles/km and 44–48 mg/km, respectively.

Towards the ranking of airborne particle emissions from car brakes – a system approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Perricone ◽  
Mattia Alemani ◽  
Ibrahim Metinöz ◽  
Vlastimil Matějka ◽  
Jens Wahlström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Factor ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Particle Emission ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Airborne Particle ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Brake Dynamometer ◽  
Emission Studies

Airborne particulate matter emitted from motor vehicle brakes is a contributor to urban air quality. Therefore, a method to rank brake pairs (pads and rotors) with respect to their particle emission factors in a reliable way is needed to develop a low-emission disc brake. A novel inertial disc brake dynamometer designed for brake particle emission studies, a modified SAE J 2707 cycle, an electrical low-pressure cascade impactor and a filter are used to test five different pad materials against cast-iron rotors. By changing only the pad materials, it is shown that the differences between the mass emission factor and the number emission factor of the the worst brake pair and those of the best brake pair decreases by more than four times and 19 times respectively. Furthermore, the results show that the material combination ranked the best in terms of the mass emission factor is ranked the worst in terms of the number emission factor. The results reveal that this combination of a test stand, a test cycle and particle instruments can discriminate between different brake pair materials in a reliable way in the case of the mass emission factors while more research has to be carried out in the case of the number emission factors.

Particulate Matter Emission Factors for Almond Harvest as a Function of Harvester Speed

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Faulkner ◽  
L. Barry Goodrich ◽  
Venkata S.V. Botlaguduru ◽  
Sergio C. Capareda ◽  
Calvin B. Parnell
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission

scholarly journals UPDATING EMISSION FACTORS FOR IN-USE MOTORCYCLES FUELED BY GASOLINE, E5 AND E10 IN VIETNAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
Pham Huu Tuyen ◽  
Pham Minh Tuan ◽  
Kazuhiro Yamamoto ◽  
Preechar Karin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Number ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Long Time

Motorcycle is the most popular transportation means in Vietnam due to its low cost and flexibility. However, motorcycles emit substantial quantities of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and some amount of particulate matter. Emission factors for in-use motorcycles in Vietnam were studied and established quite a long time ago. The objective of this study is to update the emission factors, not only gaseous emissions but also particle number, for in-use motorcycles in Vietnam. Ten carbureted and electronic fuel injected motorcycles representative for in-use motorcycles were selected for investigation. Each motorcycle was fueled by conventional gasoline, E5 and E10 in turn, and was tested on a chassis dynamometer according to ECE R40 driving cycle. The gaseous emissions were sampled and determined by standard methods, while the particle number in exhaust gas was sampled by using the sampling system developed by Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engine, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam. The updated emission factors were then provided for carbureted motorcycles, EFI motorcycles and average motorcycle fleet in case of gasoline, E5 and E10 fueling.

scholarly journals Diesel particulate matter emission factors and air quality implications from in–service rail in Washington State, USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Jaffe ◽  
Greg Hof ◽  
Sofya Malashanka ◽  
Justin Putz ◽  
Jeffrey Thayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Diesel Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission

Ammonia and Size Fractioned Particulate Matter Emission Factors for a Cage-Free Layer Facility in Canada

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime E Anderson ◽  
Patrick K McGrath ◽  
Hanna A Ivankovic ◽  
Bill J Van Heyst
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission
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