Development of Holistic Episodic Recollection

Episodic memory binds the diverse elements of an event into a coherent representation. This coherence allows for the reconstruction of different aspects of an experience when triggered by a cue related to a past event—a process of pattern completion. Previous work has shown that such holistic recollection is evident in young adults, as revealed by dependency in retrieval success for various associations from the same event. In addition, episodic memory shows clear quantitative increases during early childhood. However, the ontogeny of holistic recollection is uncharted. Using dependency analyses, we found here that 4-year-olds ( n = 32), 6-year-olds ( n = 30), and young adults ( n = 31) all retrieved complex events in a holistic manner; specifically, retrieval accuracy for one aspect of an event predicted accuracy for other aspects of the same event. However, the degree of holistic retrieval increased from the age 4 to adulthood. Thus, extended refinement of multiway binding may be one aspect of episodic memory development.

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Development of holistic episodic recollection

10.31234/osf.io/x42d8 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chi Ngo ◽

Aidan J Horner ◽

Nora Newcombe ◽

Ingrid R. Olson

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Middle Childhood ◽

Memory Development ◽

Pattern Completion ◽

Past Event ◽

Retrieval Accuracy ◽

Complex Events ◽

Holistic Manner ◽

Preschool Aged Children

Episodic memory binds together the diverse elements of an event into a coherent representation. This property allows for the reconstruction of multidimensional experiences when triggered by a cue related to a past event—a process of pattern completion. Such holistic recollection is evident in young adults, as shown by dependency in the retrieval success for different associations from the same event (Horner & Burgess, 2013, 2014). Preschool-aged children show fragile episodic memory, which undergoes robust gains during early and middle childhood. However, the ontogeny of pattern completion is uncharted in children. Here, we found that 4- and 6-year-old children retrieve complex events in a relatively holistic manner, i.e., retrieval accuracy for one aspect of an event predicted accuracy for other aspects of the same event. Nevertheless, the degree of holistic retrieval increased from age 4 to adulthood, suggesting a protracted refinement of pattern completion that may underlie episodic memory development.

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Empirical Evidence Supporting Neural Contributions to Episodic Memory Development in Early Childhood: Implications for Childhood Amnesia

Child Development Perspectives ◽

10.1111/cdep.12353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Tracy Riggins ◽

Kelsey L. Canada ◽

Morgan Botdorf

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Memory Development

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Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19000979 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Penny Van Bergen ◽

John Sutton

Keyword(s):

Episodic Memory ◽

Autobiographical Memory ◽

Developmental Psychology ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Memory Development ◽

Development Research ◽

Cultural Research ◽

New Directions ◽

Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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Memorial Consequences of Environmental Context Change in Children and Adults

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000056 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 455-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alp Aslan ◽

Anuscheh Samenieh ◽

Tobias Staudigl ◽

Karl-Heinz T. Bäuml

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Young Adults ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Middle Childhood ◽

First Graders ◽

Fourth Graders ◽

Environmental Context ◽

Context Change ◽

Context Dependent

Changing environmental context during encoding can influence episodic memory. This study examined the memorial consequences of environmental context change in children. Kindergartners, first and fourth graders, and young adults studied two lists of items, either in the same room (no context change) or in two different rooms (context change), and subsequently were tested on the two lists in the room in which the second list was encoded. As expected, in adults, the context change impaired recall of the first list and improved recall of the second. Whereas fourth graders showed the same pattern of results as adults, in both kindergartners and first graders no memorial effects of the context change arose. The results indicate that the two effects of environmental context change develop contemporaneously over middle childhood and reach maturity at the end of the elementary school days. The findings are discussed in light of both retrieval-based and encoding-based accounts of context-dependent memory.

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Episodic memory and future thinking during early childhood: Linking the past and future

Developmental Psychobiology ◽

10.1002/dev.21307 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 552-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kimberly Cuevas ◽

Vinaya Rajan ◽

Katherine C. Morasch ◽

Martha Ann Bell

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Future Thinking ◽

The Past

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Interaction of COMT and KIBRA modulates the association between hippocampal structure and episodic memory performance in healthy young adults

Behavioural Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112550 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 384 ◽

pp. 112550

Author(s):

Junxia Wang ◽

Sichu Wu ◽

Yi Sun ◽

Yu Fang ◽

Rui Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Hippocampal Structure

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Early childhood length-for-age is associated with the work status of Filipino young adults

Economics & Human Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ehb.2009.01.010 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 7-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Delia B. Carba ◽

Vivencia L. Tan ◽

Linda S. Adair

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Young Adults ◽

Work Status

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Exploring the Relations Between Childhood Experiences in Nature and Young Adults’ Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours

Australian Journal of Environmental Education ◽

10.1017/aee.2017.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 34-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Catherine Broom

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Young Adults ◽

Natural Environment ◽

Research Study ◽

Environmental Attitudes ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Ecological Identity ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Survey Tool ◽

Positive Attitudes

AbstractThis article presents the findings of a research study with young adults who explored the connections between their early childhood experiences in nature and their attitudes and actions towards the environment in adulthood. Drawing on E. Wilson's (1984) work, environmental or ecological consciousness is theorised to connect to ecological identity and relates to an individual's deep reflection on, connection to, and engagement with the natural environment. The study's survey tool invited young adults to select various options that described their experiences in nature as children and their views of, and actions towards, the environment in the present. The findings illustrated connections between childhood experiences in nature and later views of, and actions towards, the environment. The correlations between expressed views about caring for the environment and environmentally friendly actions were surprising, however, as actions did not necessarily align with beliefs. The article concludes with recommendations based on the findings, outlining how positive attitudes and actions towards the environment may be fostered in childhood.

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