scholarly journals Human Vision Reconstructs Time to Satisfy Causal Constraints

2022 ◽  
pp. 095679762110326
Author(s):  
Christos Bechlivanidis ◽  
Marc J. Buehner ◽  
Emma C. Tecwyn ◽  
David A. Lagnado ◽  
Christoph Hoerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Perceptual Illusion ◽  
Sensory Signals ◽  
Full Attention ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity

The goal of perception is to infer the most plausible source of sensory stimulation. Unisensory perception of temporal order, however, appears to require no inference, because the order of events can be uniquely determined from the order in which sensory signals arrive. Here, we demonstrate a novel perceptual illusion that casts doubt on this intuition: In three experiments ( N = 607), the experienced event timings were determined by causality in real time. Adult participants viewed a simple three-item sequence, ACB, which is typically remembered as ABC in line with principles of causality. When asked to indicate the time at which events B and C occurred, participants’ points of subjective simultaneity shifted so that the assumed cause B appeared earlier and the assumed effect C later, despite participants’ full attention and repeated viewings. This first demonstration of causality reversing perceived temporal order cannot be explained by postperceptual distortion, lapsed attention, or saccades.

Temporal-Order Judgment and Reaction Time to Stimuli of Different Rise Times

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject

Point of subjective simultaneity and simple reaction time were compared for stimuli with different rise times. It was found that these measures behave differently. To explain the result it is suggested that in the case of temporal-order judgment the subject takes into account not only the stimulus onset but also other events connected with stimulus presentation.

Perceived Onset Simultaneity of Stimuli with Unequal Durations

Perception ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Constant Stimulus ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stimulus Offset ◽  
Method Of Adjustment

Temporal-order judgment was investigated for a pair of visual stimuli with different durations in order to check whether offset asynchrony can disturb the perception of the order/simultaneity of onset. In experiment 1 the point of subjective simultaneity was estimated by the method of adjustment. The difference in duration of the two stimuli in the pair was either 0 or 50 ms. It was found that the subject shifts the onset of the shorter stimulus towards the offset of the longer one to obtain a satisfying impression of simultaneity even though the subject was asked to ignore the events concerning the stimulus offset. In experiments 2 and 3 the method of constant stimulus was applied. Both experiments indicate that subjects, in spite of instruction, take into account the offset asynchrony in their judgment.

Real-time control of stepper motors for mechano-sensory stimulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Muñiz ◽  
Rafael Levi ◽  
Meriem Benkrid ◽  
Francisco B. Rodríguez ◽  
Pablo Varona
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Stepper Motors

On the Acquisition of Aesthetic, Escapist, and Agentic Experiences

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Hirschman
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Story Line ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Full Attention ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Group Involvement

The present study investigated a set of eleven aesthetic and recreational activities according to the types of experiences they provide. Aesthetic, Escapist and Agentic experiences were studied. Aesthetic experiences were defined as those that absorb one's full attention and arouse one's senses and emotions to a state of transcendance. Escapist experiences were defined as those sought as desirable substitutes for a presently anxious or unpleasant state. Agentic experiences are those that the individual uses in an instrumental fashion to acquire information or learning. It was found that the dimensions underlying activity similarity for each type of experience included: presence vs. absence of a story line, nonvisual sensory stimulation, active vs. passive participation, solitary vs. group involvement and in-home vs. out-of-home setting.

scholarly journals FPGA-Based Stereo-Vision System Mimicking Human Binocular Vision

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gvarami Labartkava
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Video Processing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Object Motion ◽  
Human Vision

Human vision is a complex system which involves processing frames and retrieving information in a real-time with optimization of the memory, energy and computational resources usage. It can be widely utilized in many real-world applications from security systems to space missions. The research investigates fundamental principles of human vision and accordingly develops a FPGA-based video processing system with binocular vision, capable of high performance and real-time tracking of moving objects in 3D space. The undertaken research and implementation consist of: 1. Analysis of concepts and methods of human vision system; 2. Development stereo and peripheral vision prototype of a system-on-programmable chip (SoPC) for multi-object motion detection and tracking; 3. Verification, test run and analysis of the experimental results gained on the prototype and associated with the performance constraints; The implemented system proposes a platform for real-time applications which are limited in current approaches.

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Harry Brighouse ◽  
David Schmidtz
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Specialized Institutions ◽  
The Human Condition

We have learned from progress in the field of psychology that certain biases are baked into the human condition. However, the fact that we live and process information in real time, in a temporal order, is not a mistake. It affects what we end up thinking, so it is a bias in a way; yet it is not a mistake, and there is no way for human information processors to avoid it. Even so, open-mindedness pays dividends. Because each of us set out to defend children rather than to defend theories, in the course of our back-and-forth each of us ended up learning something about what serves that more or less common aim. In particular, we understand that one of society’s legitimate aspirations is to be a place of opportunity, and above all a place of opportunity for its least advantaged citizens. We also understand what this overarching aspiration leaves open. It does not determine the particular missions of more specialized institutions within society, including institutions of education. We leave that as a question for the reader, but we hope to have shed some light on how to think about it.

scholarly journals Neuromagnetic signatures of the spatiotemporal transformation for manual pointing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Blohm ◽  
H. Alikhanian ◽  
W. Gaetz ◽  
H.C. Goltz ◽  
J.F.X. DeSouza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Movement Planning ◽  
Visual Signals ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Sensorimotor Transformations ◽  
Goal Representation ◽  
Pure Motor

AbstractMovement planning involves transforming the sensory goal representation into a command in motor coordinates. Surprisingly, the real-time dynamics of sensorimotor transformations at the whole brain level remain unknown, in part due to the spatiotemporal limitations of fMRI and neurophysiological recordings. Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) during pro-/anti-wrist pointing to determine (1) the cortical areas involved in transforming visual signals into appropriate hand motor commands, and (2) how this transformation occurs in real time, both within and across the regions involved. We computed sensory, motor, and sensorimotor indices in 16 bilateral brain regions for direction coding based on hemispherically lateralized de/synchronization in the α (7-15Hz) and β (15-35Hz) bands. We found a visuomotor progression, from pure sensory codes in ‘early’ occipital-parietal areas, to a temporal transition from sensory to motor coding in the majority of parietal-frontal sensorimotor areas, to a pure motor code, in both the α and β bands. Further, the timing of these transformations revealed a top-down pro/anti cue influence that propagated ‘backwards’ from frontal through posterior cortical areas. These data directly demonstrate a progressive, real-time transformation both within and across the entire occipital-parietal-frontal network that follows specific rules of spatial distribution and temporal order.

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