Linking testate amoeba assemblages to paleohydrology and ecosystem function in Holocene peat records from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ontario, Canada

The Holocene ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 095968362097279
Author(s):  
David Bysouth ◽  
Sarah A Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Hudson Bay Lowlands ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Carbon Accumulation Rates

Peat cores from boreal bog and fen sites in the Hudson Bay Lowlands of Northern Ontario, Canada, were analysed to calculate Holocene carbon accumulation rates, and to show how testate amoeba taxonomic assemblages, inferred depths to water table, and four morpho-traits that may be linked to function (mixotrophy, aperture size, aperture position, and biovolume) changed since peatland initiation. Carbon accumulation rates were on average higher for the Holocene in the fen record (19.4 g C m−2 yr−1) in comparison with the bog record (15.7 g C m−2 yr−1), which underwent a fen-to-bog transition around 6900 cal yr BP. Changes in rates of carbon accumulation were most strongly driven by changes in rates of peat vertical accretion, with more rapid rates in the fen record. Carbon accumulation rates were highest following peatland initiation when reconstructed water tables were highest, and in the late Holocene, when water table positions were variable. Taxa with larger biovolumes and apertures were generally more abundant when reconstructed water tables were higher, most notably following peatland initiation. Mixotrophic taxa were more prevalent in drier conditions and in the bog record. Changing frequencies of morpho-traits suggest that testate amoebae may occupy a higher trophic position in the microbial food web during wetter periods, signaling the possibility of internal feedbacks between peatland ecohydrology and critical ecosystem functions including long-term carbon accumulation.

scholarly journals Ecohydrological controls on apparent rates of peat carbon accumulation in a boreal bog record from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, northern Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Davies ◽  
Jerome Blewett ◽  
B. David A. Naafs ◽  
Sarah A. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Bacterial Membrane ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Hudson Bay Lowlands ◽  
Poor Fen ◽  
Lipid Biomarker

Abstract A multiproxy Holocene record from a bog in the Hudson Bay Lowlands, northern Ontario, Canada, was used to evaluate how ecohydrology relates to carbon accumulation. The study site is located at a somewhat higher elevation and on coarser grained deposits than the surrounding peatlands. This promotes better drainage and thus a slower rate of carbon accumulation relative to sites with similar initiation age. The rate of peat vertical accretion was initially low as the site transitioned from a marsh to a rich fen. These lower rates took place during the warmer temperatures of the Holocene thermal maximum, confirming the importance of hydrological controls limiting peat accretion at the local scale. Testate amoebae, pollen, and plant macrofossils indicate a transition to a poor fen and then a bog during the late Holocene, as the carbon accumulation rate and reconstructed water table depth increased. The bacterial membrane lipid biomarker indices used to infer paleotemperature show a summer temperature bias and appear sensitive to changes in peat type. The bacterial membrane lipid biomarker pH proxy indicates a rich to a poor fen and a subsequent fen to bog transition, which are supported by pollen, macrofossil, and testate amoeba records.

Holocene hydro-climatic change and effects on carbon accumulation inferred from a peat bog in the Attawapiskat River watershed, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Bunbury ◽  
Sarah A. Finkelstein ◽  
Jörg Bollmann
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Medieval Climate Anomaly ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Peat Core ◽  
Hudson Bay Lowlands ◽  
Isostatic Rebound

AbstractMultiple proxies from a 319-cm peat core collected from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, northern Ontario, Canada were analyzed to determine how carbon accumulation has varied as a function of paleohydrology and paleoclimate. Testate amoeba assemblages, analysis of peat composition and humification, and a pollen record from a nearby lake suggest that isostatic rebound and climate may have influenced peatland growth and carbon dynamics over the past 6700 cal yr BP. Long-term apparent rates of carbon accumulation ranged between 8.1 and 36.7 g C m− 2 yr− 1 (average = 18.9 g C m− 2 yr− 1). The highest carbon accumulation estimates were recorded prior to 5400 cal yr BP when a fen existed at this site, however following the fen-to-bog transition carbon accumulation stabilized. Carbon accumulation remained relatively constant through the Neoglacial period after 2400 cal yr BP when pollen-based paleoclimate reconstructions from a nearby lake (McAndrews et al., 1982) and reconstructions of the depth to the water table derived from testate amoeba data suggest a wetter climate. More carbon accumulated per unit time between 1000 and 600 cal yr BP, coinciding in part with the Medieval Climate Anomaly.

Carbon accumulation rates recorded in the last 150 years in tropical high mountain peatlands of the Atlantic Rainforest, SE - Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 579 ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio F. Lourençato ◽  
Pedro P. Caldeira ◽  
Marcelo C. Bernardes ◽  
Andressa C. Buch ◽  
Daniel C. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Se Brazil ◽  
Carbon Accumulation Rates ◽  
Mountain Peatlands

scholarly journals Modeling Organic Carbon Accumulation Rates and Residence Times in Coastal Vegetated Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (11) ◽  
pp. 3652-3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fay Belshe ◽  
Jose Sanjuan ◽  
Carmen Leiva‐Dueñas ◽  
Nerea Piñeiro‐Juncal ◽  
Oscar Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Carbon Accumulation Rates

scholarly journals Soil organic carbon accumulation rates on Mediterranean abandoned agricultural lands

2021 ◽  
Vol 759 ◽  
pp. 143535
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Bell ◽  
César Terrer ◽  
Carles Barriocanal ◽  
Robert B. Jackson ◽  
Antoni Rosell-Melé
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Carbon Accumulation Rates

Holocene Carbon Stocks and Carbon Accumulation Rates Altered in Soils Undergoing Permafrost Thaw

Ecosystems ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin E. Hicks Pries ◽  
Edward A. G. Schuur ◽  
K. Grace Crummer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Carbon Accumulation Rates

scholarly journals Carbon Stocks and Accumulation Rates in Salt Marshes of the Pacific Coast of Canada

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Chastain ◽  
Karen Kohfeld ◽  
Marlow G. Pellatt
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Clayoquot Sound ◽  
Carbon Accumulation Rates

Abstract. Tidal salt marshes are known to accumulate blue carbon at high rates relative to their surface area and have been put forth as a potential means for enhanced CO2 sequestration. However, estimates of salt marsh carbon accumulation rates are based on a limited number of marshes globally and the estimation of carbon accumulation rates require detailed dating to provide accurate estimates. We address one data gap along the Pacific Coast of Canada by estimating carbon stocks in 34 sediment cores and estimating carbon accumulation rates using 210Pb dating on four cores from seven salt marshes within the Clayoquot Sound UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and Pacific Rim National Park Reserve of Canada (49.2° N, 125.80° W). Carbon stocks averaged 80.6 ± 43.8 megagrams of carbon per hectare (Mg C ha−1) between the seven salt marshes, and carbon accumulation rates averaged 146 ± 102 grams carbon per square meter per year (g C m−2 yr−1). These rates are comparable to those found in salt marshes further south along the Pacific coast of North America (32.5–38.2° N) and at similar latitudes in Eastern Canada and Northern Europe (43.6–55.5° N). The seven Clayoquot Sound salt marshes currently accumulate carbon at a rate of 54.28 Mg C yr−1 over an area of 46.94 ha, 87 % of which occurs in the high marsh zone. On a per-hectare basis, Clayoquot Sound salt marsh soils accumulate carbon at least one order of magnitude more quickly than the average of global boreal forest soils, and approximately two times larger than rates for forests in British Columbia. However, because of their relatively small area, we suggest that their carbon accumulation rate capacity could best be considered as a climate mitigation co-benefit when conserving for other salt marsh ecosystem services.

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