Reproductive toxicity and toxicokinetics of lindane in the male offspring of rats exposed during lactation

1 Reproductive toxicity and toxicokinetics of lindane during lactation were studied. For the reproductive toxicity study the dams were treated with a single dose of 6 mg/kg on day 9 or 14 of lactation, or with 1 mg/kg on days 9 to 14 of lactation. The male offspring were investigated at puberty and adulthood. For the toxicokinetic study, two groups of dams were treated with 6 mg/kg on day 9 or 14 of lactation. The concentration of lindane was measured in maternal plasma and milk, as well as in male offspring organs. 2 At adulthood, testicular weight and the number of sperm and spermatids were significantly reduced in all treated groups. 3 The testosterone level of the groups treated with 6 mg/ kg was significantly reduced to approximately 50% at puberty as well as in adulthood. In the group treated with 1 mg/kg, the testosterone level was in both age periods reduced, however, only at puberty was the reduction statistically significant. 4 The concentration oflindane in the testis was similar to that found in brain and was half the concentration found in the liver. 5 Histologically some areas of the testis exhibited distinct alterations ranging from small changes to a pronounced effect. 6 Exposure to lindane during lactation induces repro ductive hazards to male offspring rats which are detectable at adulthood.

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103. Multi-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study of Implanted Depleted Uranium in Rats

10.3320/1.2758070 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

D. Arfsten ◽

A. Thitoff ◽

E. Johnson ◽

A. Jung ◽

W. Jederberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Depleted Uranium ◽

Toxicity Study

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Palmitoylethanolamide: Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study in Rats

International Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1177/1091581820986073 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109158182098607

Author(s):

Narendra S. Deshmukh ◽

Shailesh Gumaste ◽

Silma Subah ◽

Nathasha Omal Bogoda

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Developmental Toxicity ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

High Dose ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Human Dose ◽

Adverse Effect Level ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Effect Level

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous ethanolamine playing a protective and homeodynamic role in animals and plants. Prenatal developmental toxicity of PEA was tested following oral administration to pregnant female Wistar rats, from days 0 to 19 of gestation, at dosage of 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline No. 414. On gestation day 20, cesarean sections were performed on the dams, followed by examination of their ovaries and uterine contents. The fetuses were further examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. Palmitoylethanolamide did not cause any alterations at any of the given dosages in the measured maternal parameters of systemic toxicity (body weight, food consumption, survival, thyroid functions, organ weight, histopathology), reproductive toxicity (preimplantation and postimplantation losses, uterus weight, number of live/dead implants and early/late resorptions, litter size and weights, number of fetuses, their sex ratio), and fetal external, visceral, or skeletal observations. Any alterations that were recorded were “normal variations” or “minor anomalies,” which were unrelated to treatment with PEA. Under the condition of this prenatal study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of PEA for maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats was found to be >1,000 mg/kg body weight/d. It indicates that PEA is well tolerated by and is safe to pregnant rats even at a high dose of 1,000 mg/kg body weight/d, equivalent to a human dose of greater than 9.7 g/d. This prenatal developmental toxicity study contributes greatly in building a robust safety profile for PEA.

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Male reproductive toxicity of sodium arsenite in mice

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1191/0960327104ht467oa ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 399-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

Niraj Pant ◽

R C Murthy ◽

S P Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Sodium Arsenite ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Prostate Gland ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Human Beings ◽

Testicular Weight

The effect of chronic oral exposure to arsenic on male mouse testicular and accessory sex organ weights, sperm parameters and testicular marker enzymes was studied. In addition, the distribution of arsenic in reproductive organs was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Sodium arsenite administered to mice (Mus musculus) via drinking water at a dose of 53.39 βmol/L (4 ppm As) for 365 days caused a decrease in the absolute and relative testicular weight. However, epididymal and accessory sex organ weight was similar to control. The activities of marker testicular enzymes such as sorbitol dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) were significantly decreased, but those of lactate dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) were significantly increased. A decrease in sperm count and sperm motility, along with an increase in abnormal sperm, was observed in arsenite-exposed mice. A significant accumulation of arsenic in testes, epididymis, seminal vesicle and prostate gland was observed in treated animals. Thus long term exposure (365 days) at the dose level of 53.39 μmol/L sodium arsenite (4 ppm As), to which human beings are likely to be exposed via drinking water, may cause testicular and spermatotoxic effect.

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