Buckling Load Design of Long Cross-Ply Laminates of Hybrid Construction with Material Uncertainties

Elastic constants of composites are often determined with some level of uncertainty. In the present study minimum cost design problem for long cross-ply plates of hybrid construction is solved subject to material uncertainties. By using minimum amount of more expensive composite in outer layers and less expensive composite in inner layers, a more efficient and cost-effective design is obtained. The effect of hybridization is studied for uniformly and linearly varying buckling loads.

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Effective Configurations of Active Controlled Devices for Improving Structural Seismic Response

Design Optimization of Active and Passive Structural Control Systems ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2029-2.ch010 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 234-249

Author(s):

Yuri Ribakov ◽

Grigoriy Agranovich

Keyword(s):

Control Systems ◽

Seismic Response ◽

Structural Response ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Effective Control ◽

Actual Problem ◽

Active Devices ◽

System A ◽

Effective Design

Improving structural seismic response using dampers became a widely used method in the recent decades. Various devices were developed for seismic protection of structures and appropriate methods were proposed for effective design of control systems. An actual problem is how many dampers should be used as is their optimal location for yielding the desired structural response with minimum cost. A method for finding effective dampers’ placement and using amplifiers for dampers connection was recently proposed in the literature. The current study presents analyses of the amplification and placement of active controlled devices on the efficiency of a control system. A model of a twenty-story structure with active control systems including different dampers configurations is simulated. The response of the structure to natural earthquake excitations is also reported. The results of this study show a method of selecting proper configuration of active devices allowing cost effective control.

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Cost-effective Design of Pulse Oximeter using a Recycled SPO2 Sensor and Arduino Microcontroller

2020 International Conference on Computer, Control, Electrical, and Electronics Engineering (ICCCEEE) ◽

10.1109/iccceee49695.2021.9429681 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

MohamedAli K. Altayeb ◽

Alwaleed Abdelrahman ◽

Mohamed A. Bashir ◽

Omer A. Bashir

Keyword(s):

Pulse Oximeter ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Arduino Microcontroller ◽

Effective Design

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Price structures for electricity supply and potential consequences for building services systems

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/0143624421990814 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014362442199081

Author(s):

Roger Hitchin

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Building Design ◽

Electricity Supply ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

Price Structure ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Future System ◽

The Cost ◽

Supply Systems ◽

Effective Design

Policies to reduce carbon emissions are leading to substantial changes in the demand for electricity and to the structure of electricity supply systems, which will alter the cost structure of electricity supply. This can be expected to result in corresponding changes to the price structure faced by customers. This note is an initial exploration of how possible new price structures may impact on HVAC system and building design and use. Changes in the price structure of electricity supply (separately from changes in price levels) can significantly affect the cost-effective design and operation of building services systems; especially of heating and cooling systems. The nature and implications of these changes can have important implications for future system design and operation.

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Many Ways Lead to the Goal—Possibilities of Autonomous and Infrastructure-Based Indoor Positioning

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10040397 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 397

Author(s):

Hossein Shoushtari ◽

Thomas Willemsen ◽

Harald Sternberg

Keyword(s):

Mobile Networks ◽

Dead Reckoning ◽

Simulated Data ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Satellite System ◽

Position Estimation ◽

Robust Solution ◽

Position Data ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

There are many ways to navigate in Global Navigation Satellite System-(GNSS) shaded areas. Reliable indoor pedestrian navigation has been a central aim of technology researchers in recent years; however, there still exist open challenges requiring re-examination and evaluation. In this paper, a novel dataset is used to evaluate common approaches for autonomous and infrastructure-based positioning methods. The autonomous variant is the most cost-effective realization; however, realizations using the real test data demonstrate that the use of only autonomous solutions cannot always provide a robust solution. Therefore, correction through the use of infrastructure-based position estimation based on smartphone technology is discussed. This approach invokes the minimum cost when using existing infrastructure, whereby Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) forms the basis of the autonomous position estimation. Realizations with Particle Filters (PF) and a topological approach are presented and discussed. Floor plans and routing graphs are used, in this case, to support PDR positioning. The results show that the positioning model loses stability after a given period of time. Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks can enable this feature, as well as a massive number of use-cases, which would benefit from user position data. Therefore, a fusion concept of PDR and 5G is presented, the benefit of which is demonstrated using the simulated data. Subsequently, the first implementation of PDR with 5G positioning using PF is carried out.

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Vinyl thermoplastic elastomers for cost-effective design solutions

Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology ◽

10.1002/vnl.10017 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 77-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alister Matheson

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽

Design Solutions ◽

Effective Design

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Dynamic Optimization of Steel Catenary Risers Based on Reliability Using Metamodel

29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering: Volume 5, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/omae2010-20158 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Wenqing Zheng ◽

Hezhen Yang

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Optimization ◽

Computational Cost ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Probabilistic Constraints ◽

Optimization Approach ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Steel Catenary Riser ◽

Reliability Based Design ◽

Minimum Cost Design ◽

Steel Catenary Risers

Reliability based design optimization (RBDO) of a steel catenary riser (SCR) using metamodel is investigated. The purpose of the optimization is to find the minimum-cost design subjecting to probabilistic constraints. To reduce the computational cost of the traditional double-loop RBDO, a single-loop RBDO approach is employed. The performance function is approximated by using metamodel to avoid time consuming finite element analysis during the dynamic optimization. The metamodel is constructed though design of experiments (DOE) sampling. In addition, the reliability assessment is carried out by Monte Carlo simulations. The result shows that the RBDO of SCR is a more rational optimization approach compared with traditional deterministic optimization, and using metamodel technique during the dynamic optimization process can significantly decrease the computational expense without sacrificing accuracy.

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