Changing Incidence of Invasive Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix in East Anglia

Objective— To determine trends in incidence of invasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in East Anglia. Methods— Cervical cancer incidence data for both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas were obtained from the East Anglian Cancer Registry for the period 1971–94. Similar data were obtained for England and Wales. European age standardised rates (ASRs) were used for comparisons. Results— The mean incidence (ASR) of cervical adenocarcinoma was 0.85 per 10s in 1971–76, rising to 2.54 per 105 in 1989–94. There has been a marked age shift, with the main increase in incidence occurring in younger women aged 30–39. The mean incidence (ASR) of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix has decreased from 9.78 to 8.74 per 10s over the periods 1971–76 and 1989–94. Again there has been an age shift, moving from a single incidence peak in the 4S-S9 age band in earlier years to incidence peaks in both the 30–39 and 55–69 age bands in more recent years. Similar trends were noted when data for England and Wales were analysed. Birth cohort analyses show that both tumours are occurring progressively earlier (about five years earlier in each five year birth cohort). Conclusion— Although the overall incidence of cervical carcinoma is declining, this study has shown an increased incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma, particularly in the younger age groups. In future it would seem advisable to publish separate incidence and mortality data for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. All practitioners involved in the cervical cancer screening programme would then be aware of the very real significance of this tumour.

Download Full-text

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen for Monitoring Cervical Cancer

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/172460088800300203 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 87-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

P. Schmidt-Rhode ◽

K.D. Schulz ◽

G. Sturm ◽

H. Häfner ◽

H. Prinz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Pelvic Lymphadenectomy ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Early Rise ◽

Scc Antigen

The tumour-associated antigen was determined in the plasma of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix by radioimmunoassay. Setting a limit of 2 ng/ml, levels were abnormal in 13.4% of healthy controls, in 14% of patients with carcinoma in situ and in 62% of patients with invasive cervical SCC. The incidence of elevated SCC antigen levels and the absolute antigen plasma concentration were dependent upon the tumour load, increasing significantly with advanced stage disease. Abnormal SCC antigen values in operable cervical cancer declined to normal within one week after radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. In cases of radiotherapy antigen values took 4-6 weeks after the start of treatment to return to normal. The success of both treatment modalities was announced by an early rise in the SCC antigen in the initial phase of therapy, followed by normalisation. After successful primary treatment and a complete remission during further follow-up SCC antigen in plasma was only increased in 3.8% of the cases. Retrospective evaluations in ten patients with progressive disease showed the reappearance of abnormal SCC titers and further increase preceeding the clinically detectable relapse or progression, with a median interval of 8 weeks. The present study indicates that SCC antigen determination is not useful for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer, but it is a potential means for monitoring the efficacy of individual anticancer therapy of SCC of the uterine cervix and for detecting recurrent disease.

Download Full-text

Endometrial extension of adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200407000-00009 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 625-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. Nakao ◽

M. Yokoyama ◽

K. Hara ◽

M. Yasunaga ◽

M. Uchiyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

First Case ◽

Related Category

Endometrial in situ extension of cervical cancer is extremely uncommon. Previous reports only present the cases of squamous cell carcinoma or related category. This report presented adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix that showed a paradoxical extension of each component in a 72-year-old patient. Main tumor in the cervix was revealed to be adenosquamous carcinoma. The glandular component extended to the vagina, while the squamous component grew into the entire uterine cavity and replaced the glandular epithelium. We presented the first case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix with vaginal and endometrial extension. Furthermore, the endometrium was replaced with squamous component, while the vagina was invaded by glandular component. The observed paradoxical extension of the present case was extremely rare.

Download Full-text

Clinicopathologic Aspects of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Role of PTEN, BCL2 and P53

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8112124 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 2124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Babiker ◽

Ahmad Almatroudi ◽

Khaled Allemailem ◽

Nazik Husain ◽

Mohamed Alsammani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

P53 Protein ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Pten Expression ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Inflammatory Lesions

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women. The alterations of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and p53 expression seem to be significant in the development of various types of cancers. The altered expressions of PTEN, Bcl2 and p53 and their involvement in cancer of the uterine cervix are not well recognized. Aim: This study aimed at examining the expression patterns of PTEN, Bcl2 and p53 proteins and comparing them with the grade and stage of cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: Tissue blocks of SCC and ten cases of inflammatory lesions of the uterine cervix were examined immunohistochemically for the expression of PTEN, Bcl2 and p53 proteins. Results: Loss of PTEN expression was identified in 45.33% of cervical SCC and no expression was found in inflammatory lesions (p ≤ 0.05). PTEN expression was significantly associated with the clinical stage of SCC (61.36% and 45.16% in stages I–II and III–IV, respectively) (p < 0.05), but not with the degree of differentiation of the SCC. The expression of Bcl2 was significantly high (60%) in cancer cases than in control cases (p < 0.05). Bcl2 did not show any significant association with the histologic type and clinical stage of the SCC of the uterine cervix. The expression of p53 protein was significantly high (57.33%)) in cancer tissue, and no expression was noted in control cases (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression pattern of p53 protein in cervical cancer tissue samples was not linked with the patient age, grade and stage of the cervical SCC (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The reduced expression of PETN and overexpressions of Bcl2 and p53 might play an indispensable role in carcinogenesis of cervical SCC. Moreover, a relationship was detected between PTEN expression and clinical stage of the cervical SCC.

Download Full-text