The Brewsters

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy L Rozmus ◽  
Nathan Carlin ◽  
Angela Polczynski ◽  
Jeffrey Spike ◽  
Richard Buday
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Clinical Ethics ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Protection Of Human Subjects

Background: One of the barriers to interprofessional ethics education is a lack of resources that actively engage students in reflection on living an ethical professional life. This project implemented and evaluated an innovative resource for interprofessional ethics education. Objectives: The objective of this project was to create and evaluate an interprofessional learning activity on professionalism, clinical ethics, and research ethics. Design: The Brewsters is a choose-your-own-adventure novel that addresses professionalism, clinical ethics, and research ethics. For the pilot of the book, a pre-test/post-test design was used. Once implemented across campus, a post-test was used to evaluate student learning in addition to a student satisfaction survey. Participants and research context: A total of 755 students in six academic schools in a health science center completed the activity as part of orientation or in coursework. Ethical considerations: The project was approved as exempt by the university’s Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects. Findings: The pilot study with 112 students demonstrated a significant increase in student knowledge. The 755 students who participated in the project had relatively high knowledge scores on the post-test and evaluated the activity positively. Discussion: Students who read The Brewsters scored well on the post-test and had the highest scores on clinical ethics. Clinical ethics scores may indicate issues encountered in mass media. Conclusion: The Brewsters is an innovative resource for teaching interprofessional ethics and professionalism. Further work is needed to determine whether actual and long-term behavior is affected by the activity.

scholarly journals OC 8716 ENHANCING RESEARCH ETHICS REVIEW CAPACITY IN SUDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A16.3-A17
Author(s):  
Shaza Abass ◽  
Sara-Lavinia Brair ◽  
Shahd Osman ◽  
Henry Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Human Subjects Research ◽  
Review System ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Post Test

BackgroundIn Sudan, there is an increase in health research in a situation of scarce resources and limited counteractive quality assurance in research ethics. The aim of this project was to enhance the ethical review system in Sudan.MethodsOur framework for enhancing the ethical review capacity was based on the context of Sudan with emphasis on governance, coordination, feasibility, efficiency and sustainability. Activities conducted to achieve our goals included reviewing the guidelines that govern human subjects research, enhancing the governance of national authorities (National Health Research Ethics Committee and National Medicine and Poisons Board), improving coordination between the national authorities by developing a consensus clarifying their roles and functions, capacity building for the oversight bodies and institutional ethical review committees (RECs) as well as establishing a network of research ethics committees.ResultsThe guidelines that govern human subjects research in Sudan were reviewed and updated. In addition, a consensus document was endorsed to clarify the roles of the national regulatory authorities creating channels of coordination and cooperation between them and institutional RECs. Thirty-nine RECs from different parts of Sudan have been trained and the results of the pre/post test have shown an increase in the knowledge score among trainees (p<0.05). The project has also provided a platform for sharing experiences and maintaining partnerships with regional and international institutes in addition to provision of technical support for newly established RECs.ConclusionWe believe that the array of activities conducted through this project had enhanced the governance, coordination, feasibility and, efficiency of the ethical review system in Sudan.

scholarly journals A Nurse Case Management HIV Prevention Intervention (Come As You Are) for Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Protocol for a Randomized Wait-list Controlled Trial

10.2196/26716 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e26716
Author(s):  
Diane Santa Maria ◽  
Marguerita Lightfoot ◽  
Adey Nyamathi ◽  
Michael Businelle ◽  
Mary Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Hiv Prevention Intervention ◽  
Nurse Case Management

Background Youth experiencing homelessness are more likely than housed youth to experience premature death, suicide, drug overdose, pregnancy, substance use, and mental illness. Yet while youth experiencing homelessness are 6 to 12 times more likely to become infected with HIV than housed youth, with HIV prevalence as high as 16%, many do not access the prevention services they need. Despite adversities, youth experiencing homelessness are interested in health promotion programs, can be recruited and retained in interventions and research studies, and demonstrate improved outcomes when programs are tailored and relevant to them. Objective The study aims to compare the efficacy of a nurse case management HIV prevention and care intervention, titled Come As You Are, with that of usual care among youth experiencing homelessness aged 16 to 25 years. Methods The study is designed as a 2-armed randomized wait-list controlled trial. Participants (n=450) will be recruited and followed up for 9 months after the intervention for a total study period of 12 months. Come As You Are combines nurse case management with a smartphone-based daily ecological momentary assessment to develop participant-driven HIV prevention behavioral goals that can be monitored in real-time. Youth in the city of Houston, Texas will be recruited from drop-in centers, shelters, street outreach programs, youth-serving organizations, and clinics. Results Institutional review board approval (Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston) was obtained in November 2018. The first participant was enrolled in November 2019. Data collection is ongoing. To date, 123 participants have consented to participate in the study, 89 have been enrolled, and 15 have completed their final follow-up. Conclusions There is a paucity of HIV prevention research regarding youth experiencing homelessness. Novel and scalable interventions that address the full continuum of behavioral and biomedical HIV prevention are needed. This study will determine whether a personalized and mobile HIV prevention approach can reduce HIV risk among a hard-to-reach, transient population of youth at high risk. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26716

Research Ethics

2015 ◽  
pp. 217-229
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Milgram Experiments ◽  
Protection Of Human Subjects ◽  
The Many

In this chapter, students are presented with the many ethical dilemmas that can potentially confront social science researchers. Research ethics centers of two fundamental principles: 1) the protection of human subjects and 2) maintaining the integrity of the research process. Both of these principles are discussed in the context of popular culture and past transgressions of researchers, specifically the film Ghostbusters, the Tuskegee experiments, and Milgram experiments.

The Ethics of Human Subjects Protection in Research

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Drewry
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Concentration Camp ◽  
Human Subjects Research ◽  
Social Work Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Protection Of Human Subjects ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This article explores the evolution of research ethics in the protection of human subjects. Included in the examination of research ethics are a brief history of twentieth-century critical incidents in human subjects research, a review of formal efforts to define the values and principles of research ethics, theoretical foundations of ethical research, and relevance to contemporary social work theory, practice, and education.Wisdom is sold in the desolate marketWhere none come to buy.—William BlakeGermany, 1948—Rudolph Helwig sits uncomfortably in the witness chair at the trial of accused Nazi scientists in Nuremberg. He is a young man, barely into his twenties, but he wears a look of perpetual fear upon his face. Helwig is afraid right now, and ashamed. Everyone in the courtroom is watching him. The prosecutor approaches the witness stand. Helwig's eyes dart to the defendants' bench, where rows of older men sit, drowsy and unperturbed. The prosecutor asks Helwig why he had been sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp in 1943. Helwig doesn't know. He is asked if he is mentally retarded. Helwig doesn't know. One of the older men smiles. The prosecutor asks Helwig why he was chosen for Ravensbruck's sterilization experiments. This Helwig knows, “I suppose it was because I could not defend myself.”

scholarly journals Research Ethics Boards: The Protection of Human Subjects

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. e472
Author(s):  
Valia S Lestou ◽  
Nancy Ondrusek ◽  
Morris A Blajchman
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Research Ethics Boards ◽  
Protection Of Human Subjects

Beyond silos: An interprofessional, campus-wide ethics education program

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2314-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M Polczynski ◽  
Cathy L Rozmus ◽  
Nathan Carlin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Ethics Program ◽  
Health Science Center

Background: Ethics education is essential to the education of all healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an interprofessional approach to ethics education to all students across an academic health science center. Research objectives: The objectives were to (1) compare student perception of ethics education before and after the implementation of the campus-wide ethics program and (2) determine changes in student ethical decision-making skills following implementation of a campus-wide ethics program. Research design: This study was a quasi-experimental design with seniors graduating prior to the intervention serving as the control group. Participants and research context: The setting was a comprehensive health science center in the southwestern United States. All students enrolled in the university participated in the intervention; however, 976 graduating students were used for evaluation of the intervention. Ethical considerations: Study materials for each survey were submitted to the university’s IRB, and the project was approved as exempt by the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects. Student participation in the surveys was voluntary. No names or other identifying information were collected, and responses to the survey questions were kept confidential. Findings: Students’ perception of the adequacy of time spent on the ethics content in course instruction and practical training decreased from the baseline to the fifth-year survey. Students’ overall comfort level with their abilities to deal with ethical issues increased from the baseline to the fifth year. Student ethical decision-making skills were higher at the third-year evaluation for all indicators. For the fifth-year survey, responses were also higher scoring on all four indicators. Discussion: After participation in an interprofessional campus-wide effort on health professions ethics, students demonstrated higher ethical decision-making scores according to the Health Professional Ethics Rubric. However, their scores still did not reach the proficiency level identified in the rubric. Conclusion: Examination of the effectiveness of each part of the intervention is needed.

Research Ethics

2019 ◽  
pp. 633-645
Author(s):  
Richard W. Schwester
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Milgram Experiments ◽  
Protection Of Human Subjects ◽  
The Many

In this chapter, students are presented with the many ethical dilemmas that can potentially confront social science researchers. Research ethics centers of two fundamental principles: 1) the protection of human subjects and 2) maintaining the integrity of the research process. Both of these principles are discussed in the context of popular culture and past transgressions of researchers, specifically the film Ghostbusters, the Tuskegee experiments, and Milgram experiments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document