Fund Manager Performance in Emerging Market: Factor Specialisation and Financial Crisis Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-158
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Galloppo ◽  
Mauro Aliano
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Local Factor ◽  
Equity Funds ◽  
Fama And French

In the branch of literature dealing with analysis of the consistency of management styles, this article investigates the relation between portfolio concentration and the performance of emerging market equity funds. Unlike previous studies, on global and US mutual fund, we focus on emerging markets equity, finding funds with higher levels of tracking error, display lower performance than funds with less diversified portfolios when we do not take into account specific concentration in holdings in different multifactor style. The explanatory power of local models that use local explanatory returns is recently investigated by De Groot, Pang and Swinkels (2012), Cakici, Fabozzi and Tan (2013) and Fama and French (2012). Following the same research line, the most remarkable finding of this article is that the fund-picking process, only based on the level of track error from a broad benchmark, can contribute to disappointing results when it is not also accompanied by information about the fund concentration in multiple market segment. According to the previous work, overall, we found that local factor market model provides quite good representation of local average returns for portfolios formed on size and style factors. The contribution of this research is two-fold. First, we examined emerging market funds from the perspective of active management and second, under the effect of strategies mentioned in Huij and Derwall (2011). Moreover, as additional analysis with respect to most of the previous papers, we also tested the effects of the crisis that we found to have not affected the main result.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the performance of Saudi mutual funds

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed El-Masry ◽  
Dalia A. El-Mosallamy
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Fund Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equity Fund ◽  
Evaluation Measures ◽  
Market Portfolio

This study examines the performance of 21 Saudi mutual funds using the CAPM and downside CAPM D-CAPM models over the period 2005-2011. Initially equity fund performance is examined against two benchmarks TASI and the GCCI Islamic index utilizing the traditional beta and CAPM performance evaluation measures. The evaluation is then replicated utilizing the downside beta and other tests of funds’ performance derived from the CAPM in the down side framework. The results indicate that the downside beta could be more relevant in terms of its higher explanatory power than the traditional beta and thus CAPM in the downside framework could be more relevant to report on funds’ performance in this emerging market. After exploring the aggregate performance by forming two fund portfolios; one representing the average Islamic mutual fund and the other is the average conventional fund, to examine the performance of the Islamic mutual funds portfolio compared to its conventional peers and to the overall market, the study finds, on average, Islamic mutual funds in outperform conventional mutual funds and the market portfolio. The study concludes that it is equally important for practitioners in emerging markets, to report performance using both CAPM measures and D-CAPM measures and if differences exist, then the D-CAPM could be the superior measure because of its suitability to the asymmetrical distribution of returns existing in emerging markets in general.

Equity fund performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Amalia Di Iorio ◽  
Ashton De Silva
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Fund Performance ◽  
Idiosyncratic Volatility ◽  
Size Factor ◽  
Momentum Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Equity Funds ◽  
Fama And French ◽  
Fund Size

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether idiosyncratic volatility is priced in returns of equity funds while controlling for fund size and return momentum. Design/methodology/approach Following Fama and French (1993), an idiosyncratic volatility mimicking factor and a fund-size factor are constructed. The pricing ability of this idiosyncratic volatility mimicking factor is investigated in the context of Carhart (1997). Findings Idiosyncratic volatility is an important pricing factor even when controlling for fund size and momentum. In addition, idiosyncratic volatility is strongly and positively associated with the momentum effect. Further, when controlling for the association between the momentum effect and idiosyncratic volatility, the explanatory power of the momentum factor almost disappears, which suggests the pricing of idiosyncratic volatility mediates momentum and returns. Originality/value These findings imply that both the idiosyncratic volatility factor and the fund-size factor should not be ignored by fund managers when evaluating the performance of the equity funds.

scholarly journals Window dressing in Brazilian investment funds

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (82) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Matheus Ruiz Marques ◽  
Joelson O. Sampaio ◽  
Vinicius Augusto Brunassi Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Investment Fund ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Window Dressing ◽  
Equity Funds ◽  
Model Residuals ◽  
Fund Portfolio

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the presence of window dressing in the Brazilian investment fund market, focusing on equity funds. Window dressing is a practice that presents a particular portfolio composition to the market, which is different from that held by the fund in the reporting period. Just before the end of the period, fund managers change their positions with the aim of presenting safer, more profitable securities portfolios. We believe that there is a lack of empirical evidence on this topic in Brazil. Previous research focuses on diversification, style analysis, fund portfolio turnover, manager profile, and performance. Therefore, we believe that our paper is pioneering in presenting results on window dressing in Brazil. With the presence of window dressing, the market may signal distorted results to investors and guide their allocations towards funds in which they would not invest in the absence of such practices. Moreover, the adoption of window dressing may increase transaction costs and thus destroy value. Our results present a connection with previous studies by Bremer and Kato (1996), O’Neal (2001), Ng and Wang (2004), Ortiz, Sarto, and Vicente (2012), and Agarwal, Gay, and Ling (2014). This paper provides evidence of window dressing in Brazilian equity funds and proposes an empirical study to verify the presence of the practice between 2010 and 2016, using market model residuals, rank gap, and backward holding return gap analysis techniques. In short, our results are consistent with window dressing practices in funds managed by small companies that were losers against the Bovespa Index and presented a high tracking error in the period.

scholarly journals ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN THE FAMA AND FRENCH THREE-FACTORS MODEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianty Pondaag ◽  
◽  
Erni Ekawati ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Portfolio Returns ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Fama And French ◽  
Stock Portfolio ◽  
Retained Earnings

The purpose of this study is to reexamine the ability of the Fama-French Three Risk Factor Model to explain stock portfolio returns in countries with different economic levels, as well as examine the effect of accounting information derived from book-to-market on stock portfolio returns. The sample used was a manufacturing company on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Tokyo Stock Exchange from 2013-2018. The results show that the three risk factors of the Fama-French model apply consistently to explain the variation in stock portfolio returns in developed markets. For the portfolio of shares in the emerging market, model Fama-French does not consistently assess stock portfolio returns. This research also provides empirical evidence that accounting information contained in book-to-market risk factors is only retained earnings, which has a contribution to the valuation of stock portfolio returns. The results of this study indicate that investors in developed markets are more rational and knowledgeable than emerging markets.

Emerging market mutual fund performance: evidence for China

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zia-ur-Rehman Rao ◽  
Muhammad Zubair Tauni ◽  
Amjad Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Market Timing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Timing Ability ◽  
Equity Funds

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find whether Chinese equity funds outperform the market and do Chinese fund managers possess positive market timing ability. This study also aims to investigate whether well-performing (worst) funds of last year continue to perform well (worst) in the following year. Design/methodology/approach Capital Asset Pricing Model and Carhart four-factor model are used for performance analysis, whereas for analyzing market timing ability, the Treynor and Mazuy (1966) and Henriksson and Merton (1981) models are applied. To investigate persistence in the performance of Chinese equity funds, all equity funds are divided, on the basis of performance in the past 12 months, into three equally weighted groups (high, middle and low) and then observed for next 12 months. After that, groups are again rebalanced according to their performance. This study uses a panel regression model for analysis. Findings Chinese equity funds are successful in providing higher than market returns, and fund managers possess positive market timing ability. The authors find that Chinese equity funds do not show persistence in performance as witnessed in developed markets. Well-performing funds (worst funds) of last year do not continue to provide higher (lower) return in the following year. Moreover, the authors detect positive relationship of fund size, age and expense ratio with the fund’s performance. Overall results suggest that emerging market equity funds show better performance than that of developed markets. Practical implications Investors are better off if they invest in equity funds instead of index funds, as results illustrate that equity funds outperformed the market. Further, the strategy of buying well-performing funds of last year and selling poorly performing funds of last year does not look very attractive in China. This study helps investors to understand the Chinese managed funds industry, and such an understanding is also helpful for fund managers and asset management companies who use performance information in marketing strategies. Originality/value This is the first study to investigate the performance persistence in Chinese equity funds and also contributes to the literature about the performance and market timing ability of equity funds. The study takes the sample of 520 equity funds for the period from 2004 to 2014, which includes a period of financial crisis of 2008.

scholarly journals The Performance of Corporate Bond Mutual Funds: Evidence Based on Security-Level Holdings

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gjergji Cici ◽  
Scott Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Fund Performance ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Stock Selection ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Equity Funds ◽  
Bond Mutual Funds ◽  
Bond Characteristics

AbstractThis is the first study of corporate bond mutual fund performance that examines detailed security-level holdings and returns. The new database allows us to decompose the costs and benefits of active management. In contrast to prior research on equity funds that shows evidence of stock-selection ability, we do not find evidence consistent with bond fund managers, on average, being able to select corporate bonds that outperform other bonds with similar characteristics. We find neutral to weakly positive evidence of ability to time corporate bond characteristics. Overall results show that the costs of active management on average appear larger than the benefits.

scholarly journals Essays on return predictability and active management

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Patrik Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Return Predictability ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Job Openings ◽  
Labor Inputs ◽  
Fama And French

In this dissertation, I consider two topics in return predictability and performance evaluation in active management. In the first essay, I propose a production based asset pricing model with labor inputs. In this model, to either maintain the current size of the workforce (by replacing departing workers) or change the size of the workforce, firms advertise job openings and hire new workers each period. Changes in labor inputs are subject to stochastic adjustment costs coming from search-matching frictions in labor markets. The adjustment costs represent resources spent on hiring activities and increase convexly with the job openings rate (i.e., the ratio of the number of vacancies to the size of the workforce). The expected return for the rm is a ratio of marginal benefits to marginal costs. Accordingly, the model predicts a negative relation between the job openings rate and expected return in the subsequent period. Empirical tests con rm the model's prediction and show that the job openings rate is a strong negative predictor of returns. The job openings rate also outperforms 16 other popular forecasting variables. Forecasts obtained from the job openings rate also leads to large gains in returns for investors who consider it in making asset allocation decisions. In the second essay, I reexamine the relation between managerial activeness and mutual fund performance. Several recent studies argue that investors can use exante observable proxies of managerial activeness (e.g., active share, active weight, return gap, and R2) to predict net of fee risk adjusted performance of mutual fund managers. Using a sample 11 such managerial activeness proxies, first, I show that the predictive power of the activeness proxies is largely concentrated in a three year period from 1999 to 2001 and excluding this period, only two activeness proxies significantly predict net alpha. Second, none of the activeness proxies are significantly predictors in out-of-sample tests. Third, the characteristic-sorted portfolios formed using the activeness proxies have positive exposures to profitability and investment factors. Using the Fama and French (2015) five-factor model as the benchmark, net alpha for these portfolios reduces by about 80% on average.

scholarly journals Implement Fama And French And Capital Asset Pricing Models In Saudi Arabia Stock Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Aldaarmi ◽  
Maysam Abbodb ◽  
Hussein Salameh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Market Return ◽  
Asset Pricing Models ◽  
Fama And French

This paper applies two of the famous asset pricing models in finance (Capital Assent Pricing model and Fama and French 1993 three factor model) in an emerging market with an Islamic Culture: Saudi Arabia Market (Tadwal), Generalized Methods of Moments and t Test statistical techniques were used to find the coefficients and to compare between real and expected returns.The results show that Fama and French 1993 model has more explanatory power and do a better job in explaining the changes in stock returns than the CAPM, and those developed market models can be applicable in emerging markets like Saudi Arabia. CAPM model has a clear evidence for its applicability while Fama and French Model has a clear evidence for the market return but not a clear evidence for the size and book to market return. Finally the results show that we can predict the stock prices by using any of those two models which means that the Saudi Arabia Market is inefficient pricing Market.The modernity and low number of companies has a big effect on the results, in addition the strong purchasing power and strong cash availability.Finally we recommend to appply more modern pricing models at the micro and macro level and add variables consistent with the Islamic Culture of Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Does CEO Turnover Matter? Empirical Evidence from the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1014-1029
Author(s):  
Deske Mandagi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Voluntary Turnover ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ceo Turnover ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Forced Turnover

Introduction: This study investigated the market reaction to announcements of CEO turnovers in Philippine-listed companies between January 2008 and December 2018. Turnovers were classified concerning successors’ origin (internal versus external), turnover type (forced versus voluntary), and successors’ gender (male versus female).   Methods: Event study methodology using the market model was employed to analyze the hand-collected sample of 136 CEO turnover announcements.   Results: Market reaction was significantly positive for internal, external, and voluntary turnover. The market reaction, however, was found to be significantly negative in the case of forced turnover. Similarly, concerning the gender difference, the result showed that market reaction was significantly negative for female CEO appointments and significantly positive for male CEOs.   Discussion: The results provide strong evidence that new CEOs’ selected attributes and the turnover’s characteristics are factors that have the explanatory power on the investor’s reaction. The contributions of this study to the literature are threefold. First, it serves as the first empirical evidence of market reaction to CEO turnover from the Philippines emerging market. This study also confirms the finding of the previous studies on CEO turnover by looking into several turnover categories, namely external, internal, forced, and voluntary. Finally, it enriches the limited empirical evidence on the CEOs’ gender effect on abnormal return surrounding the turnover announcement date.

Extreme price moves: an INGARCH approach to model coexceedances in commodity markets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardina Algieri ◽  
Arturo Leccadito
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Credit Spread ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Monday Effect ◽  
Tail Events ◽  
Weather Anomalies

Abstract This study presents a set of integer-valued generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic models to identify possible transmission channels of joint extreme price moves (coexceedances) across a group of agricultural commodities. These models are very useful to identify factors affecting joint tail events and they are superior in terms of goodness of fit to models without autoregressive components. Emerging market demand, crude oil, exchange rate, stock market conditions and credit spread explain extreme joint returns. Psychological factors and the Monday effect play a role in affecting extreme events, while weather anomalies (El Niño and La Niña episodes) do not have explanatory power.

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