India: Readings on Micro-Level Planning and Rural Growth Centres Ed. by Lalit K. Sen. National Institute of Community Development, Hyderabad. 1972. xv, 350p. Rs. 35.00.

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
S. Venu
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rose ◽  
Robert Shaw

This article examines the role remittances play in three sending communities in the municipality of Peribáán, located in the highlands of Michoacáán, Mééxico. Drawing from fieldwork conducted by Dickinson College's Mexican Mosaics, it discusses the evolution of migration from the region and explores both macro- and micro-level data to better understand the motivations and factors that lead to circular migration and the sending of collective remittances through hometown associations. Debates within the migration literature tend to focus on whether or not remittances are beneficial forces for communities, but the issues are far too complex to characterize remittances simply as positive or negative——or as productive or nonproductive. Actors situated at the national, state, community, and familial levels are likely to hold different perspectives about what is needed and what is considered rational and productive. Although the degree and type of costs and benefits may vary, the case studies of these communities demonstrate the potential of migrant clubs for community development and also the importance of remittances to families and individuals. Este artíículo examina el papel que tienen las remesas en tres comunidades del municipio de Peribáán, localizado en las tierras altas de Michoacáán, Mééxico. A partir del trabajo de campo del proyecto ““Mexican Mosaics”” de Dickinson College, se discute la evolucióón de la migracióón de la regióón y se exploran los datos en sus diferentes niveles para entender mejor las motivaciones y factores que conducen a la migracióón circular y al envíío de remesas colectivas a travéés de las asociaciones locales. Los debates dentro de la bibliografíía sobre la migracióón tienden a plantear si las remesas son benééficas para las comunidades o no, pero la cuestióón es demasiado compleja para caracterizar las remesas simplemente como positivas o negativas, o como productivas o no productivas. Los participantes a nivel ciudadano, estatal, comunal y familiar probablemente sostendráán perspectivas diferentes sobre lo que se necesita y lo que se considera racional y productivo. Aunque el grado y el tipo de costos y beneficios puedan variar, los estudios de caso de estas comunidades demuestran el potencial que los clubes migratorios tienen en el desarrollo de la comunidad y tambiéén la importancia de las remesas para las familias y los individuos.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Mustaghis-ur-Rahman

The case compiles the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities at Fauji Fertlizer Company Limited (FFC), as a part of United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). It highlights CSR activities as followed in five groups and covers both macro-level and micro-level initiatives within the principles of the UNGC. At the macro level, the company is addressing stakeholders’ concerns for underdevelopment in the country by sponsoring community development projects in its operational areas. At the micro level, FFC is carrying out interventions by spreading education, providing health care, protecting environment, alleviating poverty and responding to the challenges of disasters. The case is sponsored by the UNGC Pakistan Local Network.1


Author(s):  
R. W. Ditchfield ◽  
A. G. Cullis

An energy analyzing transmission electron microscope of the Möllenstedt type was used to measure the electron energy loss spectra given by various layer structures to a spatial resolution of 100Å. The technique is an important, method of microanalysis and has been used to identify secondary phases in alloys and impurity particles incorporated into epitaxial Si films.Layers Formed by the Epitaxial Growth of Ge on Si Substrates Following studies of the epitaxial growth of Ge on (111) Si substrates by vacuum evaporation, it was important to investigate the possible mixing of these two elements in the grown layers. These layers consisted of separate growth centres which were often triangular and oriented in the same sense, as shown in Fig. 1.


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