Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions and the Competitive Positioning of European National Industries

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-390
Author(s):  
Massimo G. Colombo ◽  
Sergio Mariotti
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Target Firms ◽  
Eclectic Paradigm ◽  
International Oligopoly ◽  
Tests Of Hypotheses

This paper relies on the eclectic paradigm of foreign direct investments and Porter's theory on the competitive advantages of nations to study the localisation of target firms of international M&As by European enterprises. Firms' propensities towards extra- and infra-European acquisitions are correlated with the competitive position of European national industries in the international arena. Strategic groups of national industries are created through a cluster analysis based on the Fortune lists of the 500 world largest enterprises. Logit econometric estimates and statistical tests of hypotheses suggest that the share of extra-European acquisitions is greater in a) sectors where European large firms have achieved leadership of the world oligopoly, and b) sectors where the competitive position of Europe is rather weak though stable. Instead, firms belonging to national industries which have been rapidly increasing their share of the international oligopoly during the ′80s concentrate their M&As within Europe. The same holds true for declining weak competitors.

scholarly journals What Drives Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions and Greenfield Foreign Direct Investment Capital Flows? Reconsideration in the Case of the Selected Former Yugoslav Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
Ksenija Denčić-Mihajlov ◽  
Vinko Lepojević ◽  
Jovana Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
The Impact

Bearing in mind the different nature and the impact of various types of foreign direct investments (FDI) on the one hand, and the specific macroeconomic environment in the post-socialist countries on the other hand, in this paper we reexamine the selected macroeconomic factors that affect the two types of FDI inflows (cross-border mergers and acquisitions and greenfield FDI) in four countries of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The study employs the balanced panel data framework and covers twelve-year period (2006-2017). Having performed the Hausman test, we use the random effect model and provide evidence that: (1) the key FDI macroeconomic determinants in stable business conditions, examined in numerous research studies, can have a different impact on FDI in times characterized by unstability and financial crisis, (2) some determinants of FDI inflows have different importance and direction in the case of cross-border M&A and greenfield FDI. Our findings are relevant for policymakers who should reconsider the key factors that fuel the FDI inflows towards their developing economies.

Cross-border mergers and acquisitions: links between acquiring firm capabilities and resources and target country location

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-379
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Parente ◽  
Keith James Kelley ◽  
Yannick Thams ◽  
Marcelo J. Alvarado-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Target Firm ◽  
Firm Capabilities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Acquiring Firms ◽  
Target Firms ◽  
Innovative Capabilities ◽  
Eclectic Paradigm ◽  
Country Selection ◽  
Target Country

Purpose Drawing upon the eclectic paradigm and the regulative dimension of institutional distance theory, it is posited that to understand a firms’ cross-border merger and acquisition (CBMA) location choices, it is critical to examine the acquirers’ ownership advantages. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of CBMAs undertaken by US firms from 1999 to 2015, the paper explores the extent to which acquiring firm ownership advantages – financial and innovation capabilities – influence target firm country selection in relation to regulative distance. Findings It is shown that acquiring firms with greater innovative capabilities are likely to choose target firms in nations with less regulative distance from their home market; whereas firms with greater financial capabilities target firms in more distant nations. Originality/value This paper builds on the important research on CBMA activity, focusing on the largely neglected pre-acquisition resources in relation to the regulative distance between target firms and the acquirer.

Resilience and risks of cross-border mergers and acquisitions

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Chiu Hsu ◽  
Jeong-Yang Park ◽  
Yong Kyu Lew
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Organizational Resilience ◽  
Acquisition Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Multiple Risks ◽  
Target Firms

Purpose In cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As), acquirers often fail to achieve the expectations they held when they made the M&A deals. This paper aims to propose that the risks of cross-border M&As can be mitigated by building and cultivating organizational resilience as a prime means of risk management. Design/methodology/approach The research examines risks associated with cross-border M&A and how such risks can be mitigated by developing resilience. It presents dual cases of acquisitions of the biggest branded mobile phone manufacturer in Taiwan. Findings The authors find that the acquirer faces multiple risks in cross-border M&A transactions, including financial, strategic and organizational, and process risks that arise from misalignment between the goal of the M&As and the post-acquisition performance of the target firms. Originality/value The research provides theoretical insights on organizational resilience and how it can mitigate the specific risks involved in cross-border M&As, thereby developing coherent organizational resilience processes.

Relationship between Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions and International Trade: The Case of Russian Pharmaceutical Industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Alexandra V. Chugunova ◽  
Olga A. Klochko
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Geographical Diversification ◽  
The Relationship

This research studies the relationship of cross-border mergers and acquisitions to international trade through the lens of Russian pharmaceutical market. To this aim, the study analyses the woks of foreign economists dedicated to evaluating the link between foreign direct investment and international trade, and the influence of mergers and acquisitions on countries’ export and import flows. The research also presents a correlation analysis between the volume of Russian pharmaceutical exports and imports and cross-border deals performed by foreign pharmaceutical companies in Russia. We characterize these deals and conduct a comparative analysis of the regional structure of Russian pharmaceutical exports and imports as well as of the countries of origin of buyers in cross-border mergers and acquisitions. The results of the analysis indicate a positive relationship between cross-border mergers and acquisitions and Russian pharmaceutical exports, which is reflected in the export volume growth and its geographical diversification. However, it is outlined that particular problems of the industry hinder the amelioration of Russian positions in international exports. Similarly, the relationship between cross-border deals and Russian imports is positive: the major pharmaceutical products supply flow occurs from the countries of origin of buyers in cross-border mergers and acquisitions conducted in the Russian pharmaceutical sector.

Foreign Direct Investment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
High Profit

Recent years have also seen increased openness of EDEs to foreign direct investment (FDI) in search for faster growth and greater stability. However, FDI is one of the most ambiguous and least understood concepts in international economics. Common debate is confounded by several myths regarding its nature and impact. It is often portrayed as a stable, cross-border flow of capital that adds to productive capacity and meets foreign exchange shortfalls. However, the reality is far more complex. FDI does not always involve inflows of financial or real capital. Greenfield investment, unlike mergers and acquisitions, makes a direct contribution to productive capacity, but can crowd out domestic investors. FDI can induce significant instability in currency and financial markets. Its immediate contribution to balance-of-payments may be positive, but its longer-term impact is often negative because of high-profit remittances and import contents.

Economic Consequences of War

1943 ◽  
Vol 3 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Curtis P. Nettels
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
Foreign Competitors

One influence of war has repeatedly asserted itself in the past—an effect on the costs of production and on the competitive position of the industries and firms of victorious or neutral nations. This subject needs more study, but certain facts suggest a hypothesis, of three parts. First: war expands some industries or concerns, increases their efficiency, enables them to operate, at the end of the struggle, on a comparatively low-cost basis, intensifies their competitive advantages, and improves their position in relation to foreign competitors. Second: war—for the duration—bolsters up some high-cost units by enabling them to sell at a profit all they can produce. The end of the war places such high-cost units at a disadvantage in the process of absorbing the shocks of the transition to a peacetime economy. Third: the history of postwar periods usually exhibits a sharp contest between such low-cost and high-cost enterprises. While “low cost” and “high cost” may refer to the relative positions of units within the same country, in most of this discussion, the terms will be applied to the producers of one country (either victor or neutral) to mean that their costs are low or high in comparison with those of their foreign competitors.

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