Multiple cutaneous mast cell tumors in a pig

Cutaneous tumors are not usually observed in pigs, and mast cell tumors, in particular, have been rarely described. The current report describes numerous, pink to red, elevated, 1–5-cm nodules in the skin of a 6-month-old slaughter pig. The histopathology of the nodules revealed well-demarcated, but poorly differentiated, populations of round cells that extended from the dermis into subcutaneous tissues. The presence of eosinophils and the observation, at high magnification, of cells with cytoplasmic metachromatic granules, after toluidine blue staining, confirmed the diagnosis of multiple cutaneous mast cell tumors.

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Histopathology and Biologic Behavior of Pleomorphic Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors in Fifteen Cats

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.39-4-452 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 452-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

T. O. Johnson ◽

F. Y. Schulman ◽

T. P. Lipscomb ◽

L. D. Yantis

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Prognostic Indicator ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Mitotic Rate ◽

Surgical Biopsy ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Poorly Differentiated ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

Most feline cutaneous mast cell tumors (CMCT) are behaviorally benign; however, there is a subset of these tumors with marked pleomorphism (previously termed poorly differentiated) that have been reported to be more aggressive. In this study, pleomorphic CMCT from 15 cats were identified from surgical biopsy submissions, and follow-up clinical data were obtained for 14 of these cats. Pleomorphic CMCT were discrete dermal nodules composed of sheets of pleomorphic round cells. Tumors from all 15 cats contained markedly cytomegalic and karyomegalic cells; 9/15 tumors (60%) contained multinucleated tumor giant cells. Typical mast cell granules were easily identified in sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with metachromatic stains and based on ultrastructural evaluation in cytomegalic as well as smaller tumor cells, indicating that the tumors were not poorly differentiated. The mitotic rate was very low (<1 mitosis per 10 high-power fields [hpf]) in 14 of 15 tumors (93%). Affected cats were 6–19 years old (mean age = 11.5 years), and there was no breed or sex predilection. Two cats had local recurrence. The only cat that had a pleomorphic CMCT with a high mitotic rate (1–2 mitoses/hpf) subsequently developed numerous other dermal neoplasms and was euthanatized. In this study, the large majority of feline pleomorphic CMCT were behaviorally benign. Mitotic rate is likely an important prognostic indicator of CMCT behavior.

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Morphometry of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.40-3-268 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 268-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

R. De F. Strefezzi ◽

J. G. Xavier ◽

J. L. Catão-Dias

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Nuclear Area ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Mast Cell Tumor ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

Poorly Differentiated ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Histopathologic Analysis ◽

Well Differentiated

Twenty-four canine cutaneous nodules, diagnosed as mast cell tumors by fine-needle aspiration biopsy and confirmed by histopathologic analysis by staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and toluidine blue, were analyzed by computerized nuclear morphometry on panoptic- and HE-stained cytopathology slides. Two hundred nuclei per lesion were examined. The morphometric parameters investigated were nuclear area, mean diameter, perimeter, regularity factor, and ellipticity factor. Lesions were graded as I (well differentiated), II (intermediate differentiation), or III (poorly differentiated) according to the following morphologic features: invasiveness, cellularity and cellular morphology, mitotic index, and stromal reaction. Nuclear morphometric results were then compared with histopathologic grades. Values of nuclear area, mean diameter, and perimeter increased with increase in histopathologic grade, but statistical analysis revealed significant differences only between grades II and III and between grades I and III when HE was used ( P, 0.01) and between grades I and III with panoptic stain ( P, 0.05). The ellipticity factor and regularity factor did not reveal significant differences between histopathologic grades. The results indicate that nuclear morphometric analysis, in combination with the rapid and inexpensive cytopathology technique, can help in mast cell tumor grading, thus contributing to the establishment of a more precise prognosis and treatment.

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HSP32 and HSP90 Immunoexpression, in Relation to Kit Pattern, Grading, and Mitotic Count in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/0300985816669405 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 222-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Romanucci ◽

M. Massimini ◽

A. Ciccarelli ◽

D. Malatesta ◽

L. Bongiovanni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Histological Grade ◽

Tumor Grade ◽

Mitotic Count ◽

Immunohistochemical Expression ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Great Heterogeneity ◽

Poorly Differentiated ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

Literature data indicate heat shock protein (Hsp) 32 and 90 as potential molecular targets in canine neoplastic mast cells (MCs). However, their immunoexpression patterns in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) have not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Hsp32 and Hsp90 in 22 canine cutaneous MCTs, in relation to KIT immunolabeling pattern, histological grade, and mitotic count. All cases showed cytoplasmic labeling of Hsp90, variably associated with nuclear and/or membranous labeling. Relationships of Hsp90 or Hsp32 immunolabeling with KIT pattern, mitotic count, and tumor grade were not observed. However, the reduced Hsp32 immunoexpression observed in most grade III/high-grade MCTs suggests a tendency toward a loss of immunosignal in poorly differentiated MCs. The great heterogeneity in extent and distribution of Hsp90 immunoexpression among the different MCT cases may also partially explain the difficulties in predicting the in vivo biologic activity of Hsp90 inhibitors on canine MCTs.

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Stereology in Grading and Prognosis of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/0300985820985138 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030098582098513

Author(s):

Mafalda Casanova ◽

Sandra Branco ◽

Inês Berenguer Veiga ◽

André Barros ◽

Pedro Faísca

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Histological Grade ◽

Intraobserver Variability ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Grade Iii

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs) are currently graded according to Patnaik and Kiupel grading schemes. The qualitative and semiquantitative parameters applied in these schemes may lead to inter- and intraobserver variability. This study investigates the prognostic value of volume-weighted mean nuclear volume ([Formula: see text]), a stereological estimation that provides information about nuclear size and its variability. [Formula: see text] of 55 ccMCTs was estimated using the “point-sampled intercept” method and compared with histological grade and clinical outcome. The clinical history of dogs treated with surgical excision alone was available for 30 ccMCTs. Statistical differences in [Formula: see text] were found between grade II ([Formula: see text]= 115 ± 29 µm3) and grade III ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 197 ± 63 µm3), as well as between low-grade ([Formula: see text]= 113 ± 28 µm3) and high-grade ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 184 ± 63 µm3). An optimal cutoff value of [Formula: see text] ≥ 150 µm3 and [Formula: see text] ≥ 140 µm3 was determined for grade III and high-grade ccMCTs, respectively. In terms of prognosis, [Formula: see text] was not able to predict the clinical outcome in 42% of the cases; however, cases with [Formula: see text]<125 µm3 had a favorable outcome. These results indicate that, despite having limited prognostic value when used as a solitary parameter, [Formula: see text] is highly reproducible and is associated with histological grade as well as with benign behavior.

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Ancillary techniques on the evaluation of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors from Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20160255 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 1804-1810 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariana Martins Flores ◽

Renata Dalcol Mazaro ◽

Ingeborg Maria Langohr ◽

Alma Roy ◽

Keith Strother ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

The United States ◽

Growth Fraction ◽

Grading System ◽

Low Grade ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Exon 11

ABSTRACT: The use of histologic classification by a 2-tier grading system only, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for KIT and Ki-67 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for internal tandem duplications (ITD) on exon 11 has improved the prognostication of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (CCMTs) particularly in the United States. However, these techniques are not commonly used in most Brazilian laboratories. Likewise, no studies, to date, have investigated the occurrence of ITD in CCMTs from the country. Thus, this study tested the 2-tier grading system, the immunohistochemistry for KIT and Ki-67 and the PCR for exon 11 in a group of Brazilian CCMTs with the goal of investigating the applicability of these tests in a Brazilian laboratory. Of the 39 CCMTs, 69.2% (27/39) were identified as low-grade and 30.8% (12/39) as high-grade by a 2-tier grading system. All tumors had a KIT expression pattern II, and 30.6% (11/36) had a high growth fraction (Ki-67). PCR amplification was successful in four of the 11 tumors examined. Two of these (50%) were positive for ITD. This study highlights the importance of using auxiliary techniques in the CCMT evaluation, identifies limitations and confirms the applicability of these methods on a routine diagnostic basis in Brazil. Our results will help to improve the prognostication of CCMTs in Brazilian diagnostic laboratories, encouraging the use of supplementary methods.

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Immunohistochemical Expression of p27 and p21 in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors and Histiocytomas

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.41-3-296 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 296-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. Wu ◽

T. Hayashi ◽

M. Inoue

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Immunohistochemical Expression ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

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Histologic Grading of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors: Is There a Good System?

Journal of Veterinary Science & Medical Diagnosis ◽

10.4172/2325-9590.1000e101 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Adam W. Stern

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Good System ◽

Histologic Grading ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell

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Multiple cutaneous mast cell tumours in a Boa imperator

Veterinary Record Case Reports ◽

10.1136/vetreccr-2019-001040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e001040

Author(s):

Ann-Kathrin Onkels ◽

Christina Stadler ◽

Udo Hetzel ◽

Jana Mueller ◽

Christiane Herden

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Giemsa Stain ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Round Cell ◽

Dense Granules ◽

The Family ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Metachromatic Granules

Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common in dogs and cats, but are only rarely reported in reptiles. This case documents the clinical and pathomorphological results from a Boa imperator with multiple cutaneous nodules, diagnosed as MCT based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy approaches. Grossly, there were multifocal, poorly demarcated, mostly ulcerated nodules ~3 cm in diameter on the skin. Histologically, the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue were infiltrated by round cell populations with eosinophilic granules. Toluidine blue and Giemsa stain revealed metachromatic granules. Using immunohistochemistry, some cells exhibited cytoplasmic immunostaining positive for tryptase. Ultrastructurally, variable quantities of intracytoplasmic, spherical and electron-dense granules were also detected. The MCT literature on snakes is scarce, especially for the family Boidae, but MCTs should be considered a differential diagnosis for nodular skin lesions in reptiles.

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