Global Cleft Lip and Palate Outreach: A Google Trends Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110698
Author(s):  
Joshua P Weissman ◽  
Narainsai K Reddy ◽  
Nikhil D Shah ◽  
Arun K Gosain
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
World Health ◽  
Patient Awareness ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Who Indicators ◽  
Cleft Surgery

Understanding patient awareness of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and evaluating demand for necessary procedures may serve to better target future efforts in global outreach. We utilized internet search query data from Google Trends for the terms: “cleft lip,” “cleft palate,” “cleft lip and palate,” “cleft surgery,” and “cleft repair” from January 2004 to January 2021. Relative search volumes (RSV) recorded for the top 5 highest displaying countries and top 3 available regions within those countries were compared against global outreach by Operation Smile and Smile Train, as measured by the number of patients treated. World Health Organization (WHO) indicators were used to validate the RSV values for each country and better understand the current infrastructure and need for cleft care in those countries. Globally, there was an increase in RSV for the terms “cleft lip,” “cleft palate,” “cleft repair,” and “cleft surgery” between 2004 and 2021. For “cleft lip,” the countries with the highest displaying RSVs included: Ghana (100%), Zimbabwe (97%), Nepal (78%), the Philippines (64%), and Kenya (52%). Countries with high RSVs and moderate to high WHO indicators included Ghana, Kenya, India, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe. Countries with high RSVs and poor WHO indicators included Nepal and Pakistan. Some countries had specific regions with high search demand that are not currently targeted for global outreach. Using Google Trends’ data may help find more feasible locations and targeted care for efforts in global outreach with better patient awareness and turnout where demand for CL/P is increasing.

A Closer Look at Delayed Primary Cleft Surgery and Unrepaired Cleft Lip and/or Palate in 5 UK Cleft Centers

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110217
Author(s):  
Sophie Butterworth ◽  
Clare Rivers ◽  
Marnie Fullarton ◽  
Colm Murphy ◽  
Victoria Beale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Palate ◽  
Palate Repair ◽  
Cleft Surgery

Background: There may be many reasons for delays to primary cleft surgery. Our aim was to investigate the age of children undergoing primary cleft lip or primary cleft palate repair in 5 cleft centers within the United Kingdom. Identify the reasons for delayed primary cleft lip repair (beyond 6 months) and delayed primary palate repair (beyond 13 months). Identify children who had a cleft lip and/or palate (CL±P) that was intentionally unrepaired and the reasons for this. Methods: A retrospective, multicenter review of patients born with a CL±P between December 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016. Three regional cleft centers, comprising of 5 cleft administrative units in the United Kingdom participated. Results: In all, 1826 patients with CL±P were identified. Of them, 120 patients had delayed lip repair, outside the expected standard of 183 days. And, 178 patients in total had delayed palate repair, outside the expected standard of 396 days. Twenty (1%) patients had an unrepaired cleft palate. Conclusions: This large retrospective review highlights variations between centers regarding the timing of lip and palate surgery and details the reasons stated for delayed primary surgery. A small number of patients with an unrepaired cleft palate were identified. All had complex medical problems or comorbidities listed as a reason for the decision not to operate and 50% had a syndromic diagnosis. The number of patients receiving delayed surgery due to comorbidities, being underweight or prematurity, highlights the importance of the cleft specialist nurse and pediatrician within the cleft multidisciplinary team.

scholarly journals A study to assess the nutritional status of children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and its correlation with breast feeding at a tertiary health care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Abhilasha Sampagar ◽  
Bhavana Lakhkar ◽  
Ashok Sampagar ◽  
Jayanth Wagha
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Background: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. In 2008, the World Health Organization included cleft lip and palate in their Global Burden of Disease initiative. The incidence of cleft lip and palate in India is enormous: one in 781 live births. The growth of children with these deformities is often impaired in comparison to healthy children. Several studies describe a growth lag in either weight or height of cleft children. The objective of the study was to observe the nutritional status of children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and its correlation with breastfeeding.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics, AVBRH Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha for the period of two years from August 2010 to March 2012. All children below 15 years with cleft lip and/or palate admitted in the pediatric ward, NICU or postnatal ward were included in the study. A Total  of 200 children were included in the study and analyzed.Results: Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. The commonest type of defect was both the defects present together (62%) which was significantly more than individual defects (א2=23.98, p<0.0001). It was followed by isolated cleft lip (25.5%) and isolated cleft palate (12.5%). Malnutrition was more common in children who were deprived of breast milk (χ2=22.61, Significant). Significantly more children (69.6%) below the age group of 5 yrs were malnourished. (χ2=16. Significant).Conclusions: Our results confirm that, malnutrition is more prevalent in children with orofacial clefts. Lack of breast feeding is a significant contributor to severe malnutrition and recurrent infections in these children.

Clinical and Epidemiologic Studies of Cleft up and Palate in the Philippines

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Murray ◽  
Sandra Daack-Hirsch ◽  
Kenneth H. Buetow ◽  
Ronald Munger ◽  
Lourdes Espina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Clinical Genetic ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Vitamin Deficiencies

Clinical and epidemiologic studies of defined geographic populations can serve as a means of establishing data important for genetic counseling and as a first step in Identifying strategies best suited for Identification of causes. Under the sponsorship of Operation Smile International, clinical, genetic, and epidemiologic studies were carried out at six sites within the Philippines between 1989 and 1996. Patients who were being evaluated for surgical repair of craniofacial anomalies (primarily clefts of the lip and palate) were briefly examined for the presence of associated anomalies, and a family history was obtained to look for the frequency of cleft lip and palate in siblings. Birth records of 47,969 newborns born over an 8-year period at one hospital in Bacolod City in the province of Negros Occidental were reviewed. Medical records of infants born with clefts of the lip and/or palate and other major anomalies were reviewed and birth prevalence rates calculated. Findings include a birth prevalence of 1.94 per 1000 live births for cleft lip with/without palate in the Philippines. Recurrence rates in siblings for nonsyndromic clefts of the lip and palate were 23 per 1000 for cleft lip with or without cleft palate, and 14 per 1000 for cleft palate only. The percentage of clefts associated with multiple anomalies was 21% at birth and 6% for individuals examined during the screening process, providing evidence for a high postnatal death rate. These data provide groundwork for additional etiologic studies including segregation analysis and molecular genetic studies involving linkage or association, as well as for studies of environmental contributions to clefting such as vitamin deficiencies. Preliminary molecular analysis using an association approach is reported in a companion paper. The findings suggest a high incidence of cleft lip and palate in native-born Filipinos.

scholarly journals Weight Gain in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate without Use of Palatal Plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato da Silva Freitas ◽  
Andrey Bernardo Lopes-Grego ◽  
Helena Luiza Douat Dietrich ◽  
Natacha Regina de Moraes Cerchiari ◽  
Tabatha Nakakogue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
World Health ◽  
First Year ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Syndromic Diagnosis ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
First Year Of Life

Goals/Background. To evaluate children’s growth in the first year of life, who have cleft palate and lip, without the use of palatal plates. Materials/Method. Chart review was conducted, retrospectively, in the Center for Integral Assistance of Cleft Lip and Palate (CAIF), in Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. Results for both genders were compared to the data published by the World Health Organization (WHO) regarding average weight gain in children during their first year of life. Results. Patients with syndromic diagnosis and with cleft classified as preforamen were excluded, resulting in a final number of 112 patients: 56 male and 56 female. Similar patterns were seen comparing the two genders. Although it was observed weight gain below the average until the 11th month in male patients and until 9 months in female patients, both genders remained at the 50th percentile (p50) and improved after the 4th month of age for boys and the 9th month of age for girls. Conclusion. Children with cleft palate weigh less than regular children during their first months of life. At the end of the first year, weight gain is similar comparing normal and affected children. However, factors that optimized weight gain included choosing the best treatment for each case, proper guidance, and multiprofessional integrated care.

scholarly journals OROFACIAL CLEFTING –AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ashiq ◽  
Srikrishnan Rajendran Sri Ramkumar ◽  
N. Mugunthan ◽  
R.S. Uma ◽  
Iyyanar Jayaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Facial Cleft ◽  
Facial Clefts

Groove in the palatal vault makes an abnormal communication between oral and nasal cavity is known as oro-facial cleft. It is an uncommon presentation in day-to-day clinical practice. According to World Health Organization, children with the complaint of oro-facial clefts found to be high in India. Children are commonly suffering from functional and aesthetical problems due to Oro-facial clefting. Globally, an estimated 200,000 babies are born with a cleft lip, palate or both each year in the United States. Etiology may be congenital or acquired. Palatal and Alveolar cleft defects are the most common etiological factors. Cleft lip and cleft palate can sometimes develop in combination with a syndrome due to genetic causes. The acquired causes may be infections, trauma, postsurgical complications, neoplasms, periapical pathology, radio and chemo necrosis. Clinical features like defective speech, and upper respiratory tract and ear infections, fetid odor, bad taste, nasal regurgitation of food are the associated consequences of oro-nasal communication. Therefore, this malformation syndrome is an important public health problem. Many cleft palate and cleft lip develops due to the combination of genetic and environmental factors. There are more than 400 genes linked to formation of cleft lip and palate. Some environmental factors associated with cleft include medications, deficiency of folic acid, and cigarette, drugs or alcohol conception   during pregnancy. In this article we review the anatomy, embryology, epidemiology clinical manifestations and treatment options of the oro-facial cleft Key words: Oro-facial Cleft, Classification, , Anatomy , Embryology, Morphology, Incidence, Congenital Anomaly        

Perceptual Speech Outcomes After Early Primary Palatal Repair in Ugandan Patients With Cleft Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098024
Author(s):  
Kim Bettens ◽  
Laura Bruneel ◽  
Cassandra Alighieri ◽  
Daniel Sseremba ◽  
Duncan Musasizib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Early Primary ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
Normal Speech

Objective: To provide speech outcomes of English-speaking Ugandan patients with a cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP±L). Design: Prospective case–control study. Setting: Referral hospital for patients with cleft lip and palate in Uganda. Participants: Twenty-four English-speaking Ugandan children with a CP±L (15 boys, 9 girls, mean 8.4 years) who received palatal closure prior to 6 months of age and an age- and gender-matched control group of Ugandan children without cleft palate. Interventions: Comparison of speech outcomes of the patient and control group. Main Outcome Measures: Perceptual speech outcomes including articulation, resonance, speech understandability and acceptability, and velopharyngeal composite score (VPC-sum). Information regarding speech therapy, fistula rate, and secondary surgery. Results: Normal speech understandability was observed in 42% of the patients, and 38% were judged with normal speech acceptability. Only 16% showed compensatory articulation. Acceptable resonance was found in 71%, and 75% of the patients were judged perceptually to present with competent velopharyngeal function based on the VPC-sum. Additional speech intervention was recommended in 25% of the patients. Statistically significant differences for all these variables were still observed with the control children ( P < .05). Conclusions: Overall, acceptable speech outcomes were found after early primary palatal closure. Comparable or even better results were found in comparison with international benchmarks, especially regarding the presence of compensatory articulation. Whether this approach is transferable to Western countries is the subject for further research.

scholarly journals Speech in a consecutive series of children born with cleft lip and palate with and without syndromes and/or additional malformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Klintö ◽  
Maria Sporre ◽  
Magnus Becker
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Total Group ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Palatal Surgery ◽  
Group Comparisons

Abstract Background When evaluating speech in children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP/L), children with known syndromes and/or additional malformations (CP/L+) are usually excluded. The aim of this study was to present speech outcome of a consecutive series of 5-year-olds born with CP/L, and to compare speech results of children with CP/L + and children with CP/L without known syndromes and/or additional malformations (CP/L-). Methods One hundred 5-year-olds (20 with CP/L+; 80 with CP/L-) participated. All children were treated with primary palatal surgery in one stage with the same procedure for muscle reconstruction. Three independent judges performed phonetic transcriptions and rated perceived velopharyngeal competence from audio recordings. Based on phonetic transcriptions, percent consonants correct (PCC) and percent non-oral errors were investigated. Group comparisons were performed. Results In the total group, mean PCC was 88.2 and mean percent non-oral errors 1.5. The group with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) had poorer results on both measures compared to groups with other cleft types. The average results of PCC and percent non-oral errors in the CP/L + group indicated somewhat poorer speech, but no significant differences were observed. In the CP/L + group, 25 % were judged as having incompetent velopharyngeal competence, compared to 15 % in the CP/L- group. Conclusions The results indicated relatively good speech compared to speech of children with CP/L in previous studies. Speech was poorer in many children with more extensive clefts. No significant differences in speech outcomes were observed between CP/L + and CP/L- groups.

Repair of Recurrent Cleft Palate with Free Vastus Lateralis Muscle Flap

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose G. Christiano ◽  
Amir H. Dorafshar ◽  
Eduardo D. Rodriguez ◽  
Richard J. Redett
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Free Flaps ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Oronasal Fistula ◽  
Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Palate Repair

A 6-year-old girl presented with a large recalcitrant oronasal fistula after bilateral cleft lip and palate repair and numerous secondary attempts at fistula closure. Incomplete palmar arches precluded a free radial forearm flap. A free vastus lateralis muscle flap was successfully transferred. No fistula recurrence was observed at 18 months. There was no perceived thigh weakness. The surgical scar healed inconspicuously. Free flaps should no longer be considered the last resort for treatment of recalcitrant fistulas after cleft palate repair. A free vastus lateralis muscle flap is an excellent alternative, and possibly a superior option, to other previously described free flaps.

Results of Multidisciplinary Management of Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate at the Iowa Cleft Palate Center

1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Bardach ◽  
Hughlett L. Morris ◽  
William H. Olin ◽  
Steven D. Gray ◽  
David L. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Multidisciplinary Management ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip
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