The Effect of Piano Playing on Preservice Teachers’ Ability to Detect Errors in a Choral Score

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Napoles ◽  
Sandra L. Babb ◽  
Judy Bowers ◽  
Steven Hankle ◽  
Adam Zrust
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Detection Ability ◽  
Piano Study ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Single Part

The purpose of this study was to examine and empirically test the pedagogical claim that playing the piano while listening to choral singers impedes error detection ability. In a within-subjects design, participants ( N = 55 preservice teachers) either listened to four excerpts of choral hymns or played a single part (soprano/bass) on the piano while listening. They were asked to locate the errors that occurred in these excerpts. Each excerpt contained a pitch and a rhythm error, in the soprano and bass voice parts. Results of an analysis of covariance (with years of piano study as the covariate) indicated significant main effects for condition and voicing. There were more errors detected in the soprano voicing than in the bass voicing, and more errors detected in the listen condition than in the playing condition. Implications for music teacher education are discussed, including adding practice in error detection activities to methods and conducting courses.

Pushing the Boundaries from the Inside

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Colleen Conway ◽  
Shannan Hibbard
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Adaptive Expertise ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Classroom Relationships ◽  
School Based

This chapter situates the study of music teacher education within the larger body of music education and teacher education research. It problematizes the terms teacher training, teacher education, and best practice and introduces the concept of teaching as an “impossible profession.” Goals of teacher education, including reflective practice and adaptive expertise, are discussed. The chapter outlines the challenges that music teacher educators face as they try to prepare preservice teachers for the realities of P-12 school-based music education while instilling in these new colleagues a disposition toward change. It concludes with narratives that examine teachers’ descriptions of classroom relationships throughout the lens of presence in teaching as a way to remind teacher educators of the importance of their work to push the boundaries of music teacher education in order to serve the profession at large.

Music Teacher Education Program Practices: Preparing Teachers to Work With Diverse Learners

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Mara E. Culp ◽  
Karen Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Diverse Learners ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Education Programs

Music educators must meet the needs of students with diverse characteristics, including but not limited to cultural backgrounds, musical abilities and interests, and physical, behavioral, social, and cognitive functioning. Music education programs may not systematically prepare preservice teachers or potential music teacher educators for this reality. The purpose of this study was to examine how music teacher education programs prepare undergraduate and graduate students to structure inclusive and responsive experiences for diverse learners. We replicated and expanded Salvador’s study by including graduate student preparation, incorporating additional facets of human diversity, and contacting all institutions accredited by National Association of Schools of Music to prepare music educators. According to our respondents, integrated instruction focused on diverse learners was more commonly part of undergraduate coursework than graduate coursework. We used quantitative and qualitative analysis to describe course offerings and content integration.

Gender and Sexual Diversity in Music Teacher Education

2019 ◽  
pp. 574-601
Author(s):  
Erin M. Hansen ◽  
Colleen A. Q. Sears
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Diversity Education ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Sexual Diversity ◽  
Music Classrooms

In music education, issues related to gender and sexual orientation are numerous and complex, and they have significant implications for EC-12 students, teachers, and curricula. By making preservice teachers aware of common issues related to gender and sexual orientation in music education, and equipping them with strategies to help navigate unexpected and teachable moments, preservice music teachers may better facilitate discussions about gender and sexual orientation in a way that will yield equitable, safe, democratic, and open music classrooms. This chapter will (a) provide music teacher educators with an overview of the current political and social climate for LGBTQ students and teachers, (b) present rationale for the inclusion of gender and sexual diversity education within music education, (c) illustrate different approaches to incorporating this topic into the curriculum, (d) identify common concerns of preservice music students regarding gender identity and sexual orientation, and (e) provide resources for further study.

Values, Agency, and Identity in a Music Teacher Education Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 105708372110305
Author(s):  
Olivia Gail Tucker ◽  
Sean Robert Powell
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Agency And Identity

Many view music teacher education as a locus for socially just transformation of music education through the development of preservice teacher agency and identity development. However, few have directly examined values in music teacher preparation programs, and values are implicit in agency. The purpose of this exploratory, intrinsic case study was to investigate the visible values in music education courses at one institution to add a new dimension to research and practice. We collected data from four instructor and five undergraduate participants through observations, interviews, and syllabus review. Themes of critical thinking, agency, student centeredness, positive teacher-student relationships, and skills and knowledge for teaching emerged from the data. Findings indicate that values may be relative in practice despite shared language among preservice teachers and music teacher educators. We provide guiding questions for program review and future research through the lens of values.

Conducting

2019 ◽  
pp. 464-481
Author(s):  
Jessica Nápoles ◽  
Jared R. Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Conducting Pedagogy ◽  
Communication Modes

This chapter provides a thorough review of the literature related to conducting, including its role in the broader language of nonverbal communication, the relationship between the gesture and sound, comparisons between verbal and nonverbal communication modes, and tools for assessing conducting in preservice music teacher education programs. Following the literature review, there are practical considerations for a research-based approach to conducting pedagogy. Elements for consideration include knowledge and skills for conducting (as well as a possible sequence for teaching them) and the importance of providing preservice teachers with opportunities for conducting, both in prescribed ways in methods and rehearsal technique courses and through ad hoc opportunities. Finally, a musicianship-based framework for preservice music teachers permeates decisions related to conducting instruction. All excellent music educators must also be excellent musicians.

The Relationships Among Interval Identification, Pitch Error Detection, and Stimulus Timbre by Preservice Teachers

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-480
Author(s):  
Laura A. Stambaugh ◽  
Bryan E. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Pitch Error ◽  
Study Session ◽  
Identification Score ◽  
Performance Area ◽  
Music Education Majors ◽  
Main Effects

We examined the relationship between interval identification skill and error detection skill in preservice teachers, accounting for timbral differences by including piano and vocal stimuli. The interval identification test was comprised of 33 items spanning from C2 to B5. Fifteen error detection items were monophonic melodies, two measures long, in 4/4 meter, and included one pitch error. Music education majors ( N = 50) completed both tests in vocal and piano timbres during one individual study session. Interval identification performance was significantly correlated with error detection performance, r = .75. Additionally, interval identification score was a significant predictor for error detection when also accounting for variance from numbers of semesters of enrollment and theory/aural skills courses. Response times for correct responses of interval identification were faster than for incorrect responses. We found no main effects or interactions between primary performance area and timbre of test item. The results suggest interval identification skill generally can be used to predict error detection, reinforcing the importance of developing interval identification as a basic musical skill.

Courses for Secondary Instruments

2019 ◽  
pp. 344-363
Author(s):  
Molly A. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Promising Practices ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
School Based ◽  
Secondary Instrument ◽  
Institutional Model

The main purpose of this chapter is to synthesize the literature regarding courses for secondary instruments in the interest of making recommendations for promising practices. The chapter also is intended to “push boundaries from within the system” of music teacher education. That is, it is intended to be a resource for those who prepare preservice music teachers (PMTs) for the realities of P-12 school-based music education and who aspire to instill in these new colleagues a disposition toward change. The chapter is divided into six sections: importance of secondary instrument courses, characteristics and configurations of secondary instrument courses, focus and content of secondary instrument courses, peer teaching activities and field experiences within secondary instrument courses, recommendations for promising practices (including professional development beyond the preservice music education curriculum and an institutional model for secondary instrument courses), and future considerations.

Service-Learning Opportunities for Preservice Music Teachers within Community Music Settings

2019 ◽  
pp. 641-667
Author(s):  
Jared R. Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Teacher Preparation Program ◽  
Community Music ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Learning Opportunity ◽  
Learning Programs

Authentic teaching opportunities are important for all preservice teachers, and service-learning opportunities within community music settings support preservice music teacher development. The purpose of this chapter is to document a service-learning opportunity within a community music school and showcase the benefits and challenges of a partnership between a music teacher preparation program and this school. After defining service learning and describing how it is utilized in music teacher education, the chapter uncovers the following topics: establishing a community music partnership, designing a service-learning opportunity, and evaluating the outcomes of service-learning programs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of and recommendations for utilizing a multi-tier service-learning program alongside a preservice music teacher curriculum.

The Oxford Handbook of Preservice Music Teacher Education in the United States

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Teacher Education ◽  
Music Education ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Education Faculty ◽  
Song Writing ◽  
Faculty And Administrators

The Oxford Handbook of Preservice Music Teacher Education in the United States aims to work from within the profession of music teacher education to push the boundaries of P-12 music education. In this book, we will provide all of those working in music teacher education—music education faculty and administrators, music researchers, graduate students, department of education faculty and administrators, and state-level certification agencies—with research and promising practices for all areas of traditional preservice music teacher preparation. We define the areas of music teacher education as encompassing the more traditional structures, such as band, jazz band, marching band, orchestra, choir, musical theater, and elementary and secondary general music, as well as less common or newer areas: alternative string ensembles, guitar and song-writing, vernacular and popular music, early childhood music, and adult learners

Characteristics of Early Childhood and Elementary General Music Methods Coursework for Preservice Music Teachers

2021 ◽  
pp. 105708372110245
Author(s):  
Karen Salvador ◽  
Mara E. Culp
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
General Music ◽  
Music Teacher Education ◽  
Music Methods ◽  
Elementary General Music

Although many music teacher candidates begin university studies planning to teach secondary ensembles, most will ultimately be certified to teach younger children and may be called to do so. The purpose of this study was to examine how music teacher education programs prepare preservice music educators to teach music to children from birth through elementary school through coursework. We emailed survey invitations to representatives from 512 institutions accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music to prepare music educators. We received 134 usable responses (response rate = 26%). Nearly all respondents offered elementary general music methods (EGMM), and over three quarters required EGMM for all students in initial licensure programs. Only about one in ten responding institutions offered early childhood music methods (ECMM). We describe findings on EGMM and ECMM course structures, content, and materials as well as the employment status, degree background, and other qualifications of the person who typically taught this coursework

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