The "Official English" Movement and the Symbolic Politics of Language in the United States

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Citrin ◽  
B. Reingold ◽  
E. Walters ◽  
D. P. Green
1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Citrin ◽  
Beth Reingold ◽  
Evelyn Walters ◽  
Donald P. Green

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza

Abstract:The election of Barack Obama as the first African-descended president of the United States in 2008 was greeted with euphoria in the U.S. and around the world, including Africa. Little, however, changed in the substance of U.S.–Africa relations. This underscores the limits of the symbolic politics of race and presidential personalities in the face of the structural imperatives of U.S. power and foreign policy in which African interests remain marginal and subordinate to U.S. interests. The article explores the structural contexts of foreign policy-making in the United States and what might be expected from the second Obama administration.


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