Culture Moderates the Normative and Distinctive Impact of Parents and Similarity on Young Adults’ Partner Preferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-461
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Locke ◽  
Daniela Barni ◽  
Hiroaki Morio ◽  
Geoff MacDonald ◽  
Khairul A. Mastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
North America ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Partner Preferences ◽  
English Speaking

To examine cultural, parental, and personal sources of young adults’ long-term romantic partner preferences, we had undergraduates ( n = 2,071) and their parents ( n = 1,851) in eight countries (Canada, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Malaysia, Philippines, the United States) rate or rank qualities they would want in the student’s partner. We introduce and use a method for separating preference patterns into normative patterns (shared across families and generations) and distinctive patterns (that characterized particular families or individuals). We found that youth everywhere wanted partners who aligned with both their own dispositions and their parents’ preferences, and these alignments reflected both culturally normative preferences and preferences distinctive to specific individuals or families. Students also predicted their parents’ responses: Their predictions were reasonably accurate reflections of what a typical parent prefers, but also reflected distinctive assumed agreement (i.e., they overestimated the degree to which their particular parents shared their particular preferences for qualities that diverged from culturally normative ideals). Culturally normative patterns exerted a stronger influence on actual or assumed parent–child agreement and accuracy in relatively collectivistic Southeast Asia (Philippines and Malaysia) than in relatively individualistic English-speaking North America (the United States and Canada). Conversely, preferences for partners who shared one’s distinctive personal dispositions were stronger in Western than Asian countries.

The United States and Southeast Asia: A Case of Strategic Surrender

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Buszynski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
United States Policy ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Soviet Union

Southeast Asia in United States policy fell from a region of high priority during the Vietnam war to become, after the fall of Indochina, an area of relatively minor interest. For the United States, Southeast Asia evoked memories of misperception, intensified over-commitment, and simplistic assumptions that characterized the American effort to defeat local Vietnamese national communism. Since the formulation of the Nixon doctrine of disengagement in 1969, United States policy towards Southeast Asia has been undergoing a process of long-term readjustment in recognition of the exaggerated significance that the region had assumed in American thinking. The fall of Saigon in April 1975 was a major stimulus to this readjustment as it gave the Americans compelling reasons to anticipate a reassertion of Soviet influence in the region. Successive American administrations attempted to place the region in a wider global context to avoid the dangers of extreme reaction to local national communism while developing the flexibility to coordinate a response to the Soviet Union at a global level. The main concern of American policy was to remove the basis for direct United States involvement in the region in a way that would satisfy post-Vietnam war public and congressional opinion and the demands of strategic planners for greater freedom of manoeuvre against the Soviet Union.

Southeast Asian Refugees in North America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl L. Bankston
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Khmer Rouge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Theravada Buddhism ◽  
Southeast Asian Refugees ◽  
American Society

Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia have historically been nations with large Buddhist populations. While Mahāyāna Buddhism predominates in Vietnam, most people in Cambodia and Laos have been dedicated to Theravāda Buddhism. In 1975, these three countries came under the domination of Communist governments, which had earlier been in conflict with factions militarily supported by the United States. This led to the beginnings of the massive movement of refugees from Southeast Asia to North America. An especially radical regime had taken power in Cambodia, and after war broke out between Cambodia and Vietnam the flow of refugees became a flood. All of the new governments of these countries were hostile to independent religious organizations and practices. The Khmer Rouge in power in Cambodia took its antagonism to religion to an extreme, attempting to violently eradicate traditional Buddhist practices and institutions. As refugees settled in ever-greater numbers in North America and other locations, they established Buddhist temples and other organizations in the new homelands. In consequence, Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Lao communities in the United States and Canada have also become sites for the rapid growth of North American Buddhism. Southeast Asian Buddhism has become a part of a pluralistic religious environment, adding new rites, celebrations, and cultural activities to American society. Buddhism has also played a central part in maintaining ethnic identity among refugee populations and their descendants, as well as in helping Buddhists adapt to life under changing circumstances.

People's Republic of China as an Engine of Growth for Developing Asia?

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghyun Park ◽  
Kwanho Shin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Positive Effect

Developing Asia has traditionally relied on exports to the United States and other industrialized countries for demand and growth. As a result, the collapse of exports to the United States and other industrialized countries during the 2008–09 global financial crisis has sharply curtailed GDP growth across the region. The emergence of the People's Republic of China (PRC) as a globally influential economic force is fueling hopes that it can supplement the United States as an additional source of demand and growth. The central objective of this paper is to investigate whether exports to the PRC has a significant and positive effect on the GDP of eight developing Asian countries. Although the study's results indicate that exports to the PRC contributed to developing Asian countries' recovery from the global crisis, it is far too early to make well-informed judgments about the PRC's ability to support Asia's growth in the medium and long term.

scholarly journals BADANIE PUNKTÓW ZWROTNYCH CEN ROPY NAFTOWEJ W LATACH 2015 - 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-192
Author(s):  
Monika Krawiec ◽  
Rafał Furman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Oil Platforms ◽  
Professional Business

This paper aimed at identification of turning points in prices of crude oil from 2015 to 2019 through application of Perron test. It also attempted to detect geopolitical events that could have caused these changes in trend structure. This part of research was based on oil market analysts’ comments and on market reports available at professional business websites. The research brings to conclusion that problems related to the oversupply of crude oil in the United States affected its prices the most. Reports informing about the increasing number of oil platforms working in North America and low demand in the fuel market often induced long-term price reductions at NYMEX and ICE.

Southeast Asia and the United States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenton Clymer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

The U.S. relationship with Southeast Asia has always reflected the state of U.S. interactions with the three major powers that surround the region: Japan, China, and, to a lesser extent, India. Initially, Americans looked at Southeast Asia as an avenue to the rich markets that China and India seemed to offer, while also finding trading opportunities in the region itself. Later, American missionaries sought to save Southeast Asian souls, while U.S. officials often viewed Southeast Asia as a region that could tip the overall balance of power in East Asia if its enormous resources fell under the control of a hostile power. American interest expanded enormously with the annexation of the Philippines in 1899, an outgrowth of the Spanish-American War. That acquisition resulted in a nearly half-century of American colonial rule, while American investors increased their involvement in exploiting the region’s raw materials, notably tin, rubber, and petroleum, and missionaries expanded into areas previously closed to them. American occupation of the Philippines heightened tensions with Japan, which sought the resources of Southeast Asia, particularly in French Indochina, Malaya, and the Dutch East Indies (today’s Indonesia). Eventually, clashing ambitions and perceptions brought the United States into World War II. Peeling those territories away from Japan during the war was a key American objective. Americans resisted the Japanese in the Philippines and in Burma, but after Japan quickly subdued Southeast Asia, there was little contact in the region until the reconquest began in 1944. American forces participated in the liberation of Burma and also fought in the Dutch Indies and the Philippines before the war ended in 1945. After the war, the United States had to face the independence struggles in several Southeast Asian countries, even as the Grand Alliance fell apart and the Cold War emerged, which for the next several decades overshadowed almost everything. American efforts to prevent communist expansion in the region inhibited American support for decolonization and led to war in Vietnam and Laos and covert interventions elsewhere. With the end of the Cold War in 1991, relations with most of Southeast Asia have generally been normal, except for Burma/Myanmar, where a brutal military junta ruled. The opposition, led by the charismatic Aung San Suu Kyi, found support in the United States. More recently American concerns with China’s new assertiveness, particularly in the South China Sea, have resulted in even closer U.S. relations with Southeast Asian countries.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 357-394
Author(s):  
Duncan Bell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Alternative Futures ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Racial Domination ◽  
Historical Trajectory

This concluding chapter steers a different course, reflecting on some of the ways that time and history have underpinned visions of Anglo-America. It outlines a discourse of racial union which was usually predicated on a specific account of both space and historical temporality. The chosen people — whether designated Aryan, Teutonic, Anglo-Saxon, or English-speaking — was imagined as superior to all others, their greatness ordained by their unique historical trajectory and extant racial characteristics. They had been, and remained, the pioneers of human progress. This historical story produced stratified global geography: the vanguard of modern humanity was concentrated in specific places, chiefly Britain and its past and present settler colonies in North America and the South Pacific. Ultimately, the chapter discusses W. E. B. Du Bois and T. E. Scholes' ideas about race and empire. While the steampunk literature renarrates the history of Anglo-modernity by erasing the primacy of the United States, Afro-modernists sought to destabilize the historical validation of racial domination, clearing the ground for imagining alternative futures.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wen-Qing Ngoei
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

This introduction presents an overview of the book’s study of imperial transition in Southeast Asia from the colonial order through Anglo-American predominance to U.S. empire. It explains that the book examines two Southeast Asian countries—Malaya and Singapore—marginalized by major studies of U.S. policy to illuminate regional developments in U.S.-Southeast Asian relations otherwise overlooked by the predominant focus of historians on U.S. involvement in Vietnam. Using this wide-angle view of Southeast Asia, the book reveals how the bases of U.S. Cold War policy draw from longstanding Euro-American anxieties about race, specifically the perceived threat of China and its diaspora to western power. From this insight, the book is able to reveal that Britain, the United States and their indigenous anticommunist allies crafted a pro-West nationalism underpinned by region-wide anti-Chinese prejudice, a process that ensconced most Southeast Asian regimes within the American orbit even as U.S. policy failed in Vietnam.

A 13-YEAR SURVEY OF THE APHIDOPHAGOUS COCCINELLIDAE IN MAIZE FIELDS IN EASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Kieckhefer ◽  
N.C. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Eastern Canada

Coccinellids are a conspicuous group of aphidophagous predators in maize, Zea mays L., in the Northern Great Plains of the United States. Numerous studies have been conducted on the ecology of coccinellids in maize in North America (Ewert and Chiang 1966a, 1966b; Smith 1971; Foott 1973; Wright and Laing 1980; Corderre and Tourneur 1986; Corderre et al. 1987). However, there have been few long-term surveys of coccinellids in maize. Foott (1973) reported on the abundance of coccinellid species inhabiting maize in eastern Canada over a 4-year period; no surveys of this type have been reported for the Northern Great Plains. We sampled coccinellids in maize fields at three sites in eastern South Dakota for 13 consecutive years to determine the species inhabiting the crop and levels of variation in their abundances among sites and years.

scholarly journals Character Strengths are Prominent as Mate Preferences of Turkish Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Michelle White ◽  
Amy R. Pearce ◽  
Irina Khramtsova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
The United States ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Future Studies

This study addressed the traits and characteristics that Turkish students deem most important in a long-term romantic partner. We collected quantitative and qualitative data on characteristics desired in romantic partners from students attending Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi in Istanbul, Turkey. Like our previous cross-cultural studies conducted in Japan, Russia and the United States, results supported dependability and love as the most important traits. Overall, positive internal attributes were rated as highly important and we recommend the traits associated with the positive psychology movement be more fully considered in future studies on mate preferences.

scholarly journals Extreme species density of bees (Apiformes, Hymenoptera) in the warm deserts of North America

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 317-345
Author(s):  
Robert L. Minckley ◽  
William R. Radke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Bee Diversity ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Intensive Sampling

Despite the long intertwined evolutionary histories of bees and plants, bee diversity peaks in the xeric areas of the eastern and western hemispheres and not the tropics, where plant diversity is greatest. Intensive sampling in the northeast Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico and the United States provide the first quantitative estimate of bee species richness where high diversity had been predicted in North America from museum records. We find that the density of bee species in a limited area of 16 km2 far exceeds any other site in the world and amounts to approximately 14% of the bee species described from the United States. Long-term studies of bees and other pollinators from areas that are minimally impacted by humans provide much-needed baseline data for studies of bees where human impacts are more severe and as climate change accelerates.

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