Motivational Interviewing–Based Compliance/Adherence Therapy Interventions to Improve Psychiatric Symptoms of People With Severe Mental Illness: Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choochart Wong-Anuchit ◽  
Chutima Chantamit-o-pas ◽  
Joanne Kraenzle Schneider ◽  
Andrew C. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Moderate Effect Size ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Adherence Therapy

BACKGROUND: Nonadherence is the leading cause of relapse in mental illness. No quantitative synthesis of multiple studies has been conducted to determine the effect of motivational interviewing (MI)–based compliance/adherence therapy (CAT) interventions on people with severe mental illness. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the studies that examined the effectiveness of MI-based CAT interventions to improve psychiatric symptoms. DESIGN: Quantitative meta-analysis. RESULTS: Sixteen primary studies were retrieved ( N =1267 participants). MI-based CAT interventions significantly improved psychiatric symptoms with a moderate effect size (ES) of .45. Longer sessions and higher intervention doses showed significantly greater ESs than shorter sessions and lower doses. ESs were significantly lower when participants were older and when there was a longer period between the intervention and outcome measurement. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the effectiveness of MI-based CAT interventions. Session length and dose effect should be considered when tailoring MI to clients.

Nutrition interventions in people with severe mental illness: Novel strategies for addressing physical health co-morbidity in a high-risk population

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S620-S620 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Teasdale ◽  
P. Ward ◽  
K. Samaras ◽  
S. Rosenbaum ◽  
J. Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
List Type ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Co Morbidity

IntroductionNutrition interventions are critical for weight management and cardiometabolic risk reduction in people experiencing severe mental illness (SMI). As mental health teams evolve to incorporate nutrition interventions, evidence needs to guide clinical practice.AimsA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess whether nutrition interventions improve:– anthropometric and biochemical measures,– nutritional intake of people experiencing SMI.To evaluate the effectiveness of a dietician-led nutrition intervention, as part of a broader lifestyle intervention, in the early stages of antipsychotic prescription.MethodAn electronic database search was conducted to identify all trials with nutritional components. Included trials were pooled for meta-analysis. Meta-regression analyses were run on potential anthropometric moderators. Weekly individualised dietetic consultations plus group cooking classes were then offered to clients attending a Community Early Psychosis Programme, who had recently commenced antipsychotics for a 12-week period.ResultsFrom pooled trials, nutrition interventions resulted in significant weight loss (19 studies, g = –0.39, P < 0.001), reduced BMI (17 studies, g = –0.40, P < 0.001), decreased waist circumference (10 studies, g = –0.27, P < 0.001) and lower blood glucose levels (5 studies, g = –0.37, P = 0.02). Dietician-led interventions (g = –0.90) and trials focussing on preventing weight gain (g = –0.61) were the most effective. The 12-week nutrition intervention resulted in a 47% reduction in discretionary (junk) food intake (P < 0.001) and reductions in daily energy (–24%, P < 0.001) and sodium intakes (–26%, P < 0.001), while improving diet quality (P < 0.05).ConclusionEvidence supports the inclusion of nutrition interventions as part of standard care for preventing weight gain and metabolic deterioration among people with SMI.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Comorbidity of Physical Disorders Among Patients With Severe Mental Illness With and Without Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeoma N. Onyeka ◽  
Margrethe Collier Høegh ◽  
Eldbjørg Marie Nåheim Eien ◽  
Bright I. Nwaru ◽  
Ingrid Melle
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Disorders

scholarly journals Self-management interventions for people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Lean ◽  
Miriam Fornells-Ambrojo ◽  
Alyssa Milton ◽  
Brynmor Lloyd-Evans ◽  
Bronwyn Harrison-Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Interventions

BackgroundSelf-management is intended to empower individuals in their recovery by providing the skills and confidence they need to take active steps in recognising and managing their own health problems. Evidence supports such interventions in a range of long-term physical health conditions, but a recent systematic synthesis is not available for people with severe mental health problems.AimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of self-management interventions for adults with severe mental illness (SMI).MethodA systematic review of randomised controlled trials was conducted. A meta-analysis of symptomatic, relapse, recovery, functioning and quality of life outcomes was conducted, using RevMan.ResultsA total of 37 trials were included with 5790 participants. From the meta-analysis, self-management interventions conferred benefits in terms of reducing symptoms and length of admission, and improving functioning and quality of life both at the end of treatment and at follow-up. Overall the effect size was small to medium. The evidence for self-management interventions on readmissions was mixed. However, self-management did have a significant effect compared with control on subjective measures of recovery such as hope and empowerment at follow-up, and self-rated recovery and self-efficacy at both time points.ConclusionThere is evidence that the provision of self-management interventions alongside standard care improves outcomes for people with SMI. Self-management interventions should form part of the standard package of care provided to people with SMI and should be prioritised in guidelines: research on best methods of implementing such interventions in routine practice is needed.Declaration of interestsNone.

FC30-01 - Severe mental illness is an HIV indicator disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1983-1983
Author(s):  
M. Ferrara ◽  
G. Solignani ◽  
S. Ferrari ◽  
M. Rigatelli ◽  
G. Guaraldi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Mental Health Settings ◽  
Undiagnosed Hiv ◽  
Routine Hiv Testing

IntroductionHIV testing is not yet a routine procedure in most mental health settings although adults with severe mental illness (SMI) are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS.ObjectivesWe focused our attention to explore if the appropriate care of patients with SMI may include a routine HIV testing offering and thus contribute to diagnose HIV-infected persons earlier in the course of their infection.MethodsWe present three case histories related to primary HIV diagnosis in patients presenting with different psychiatric disorders, admitted to Modena teaching Hospital in the passed two years.ResultsPsychiatric symptoms delayed HIV diagnosis in all of the three reported cases.ConclusionsThe case histories here presented suggest that HIV testing is appropriate in the care of people with SMI, avoiding delay in HIV diagnosis with an obvious clinical benefit for the patient. Further studies are needed to assess the prevalence of HIV in those patients. These will be able to validate psychiatric diseases within a specific HIV indicator diseases list and help identifying a segment of the population in which HIV test must be routinely offered as a public health strategy, to face the burden of undiagnosed HIV infection.

scholarly journals Metabolic phenotyping reveals a potential link between elevated faecal amino acids, diet and symptom severity in individuals with severe mental illness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Jansma ◽  
Rogier van Essen ◽  
Bartholomeus C.M. Haarman ◽  
Anastasia Chrysovalantou Chatziioannou ◽  
Jenny Borkent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
The Brain

The brain-gut axis is increasingly recognized as an important contributing factor in the onset and progression of severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder. This study investigates associations between levels of faecal metabolites identified using 1H-NMR, clinical parameters, and dietary components of forty-two individuals diagnosed in a transdiagnostic approach to have severe mental illness. Faecal levels of the amino acids; alanine, leucine, and valine showed a significant positive correlation with psychiatric symptom severity as well as with dairy intake. Overall, this study proposes a diet-induced link between the brain-gut axis and the severity of psychiatric symptoms, which could be valuable in the design of novel dietary or therapeutic interventions to improve psychiatric symptoms.

The Relative Contributions of Psychiatric Symptoms and AIDS Knowledge to HIV Risk Behaviors Among People With Severe Mental Illness

1996 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen McKinnon ◽  
Francine Cournos ◽  
Richard Sugden ◽  
Jeannine R. Guido ◽  
Richard Herman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Hiv Risk Behaviors ◽  
Aids Knowledge
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