Evaluation of corneal endothelium using specular microscopy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110065
Author(s):  
Murat Serkan Songur ◽  
Yavuz Selim İntepe ◽  
Seray Aslan Bayhan ◽  
Hasan Ali Bayhan ◽  
Ender Şahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Purpose: In the present study we evaluate the corneal endothelium using specular microscopy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods: The study included a total of 100 patients including 35 patients with mild OSAS, 34 patients with moderate OSAS and 31 patients with severe OSAS, and the right eyes of 30 patients as a control group. Patients were examined to exclude the possibility of ocular diseases. Cellular density in the cornea epithelium (cell/mm2), corneal thickness (µ), percentage of hexagonal cells (%) and the coefficient of variation were evaluated using a specular microscope. Results: Corneal thickness was significantly decreased in all OSAS groups when compared to the control group ( p = 0.002), while no significant difference was identified among the OSAS groups. The corneal endothelial cell density, percentage of hexagonal cells and coefficient of variation were significantly different between the OSAS groups and the control group ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: More significant impairments were noted in the corneal endothelium of the patients in the OSAS group than in the control group, and specular microscopy is in valuable in the follow-up and treatment of such patients.

scholarly journals Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Ganglion Cell Complex and Choroidal Thickness Evaluation in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ela Eren ◽  
Nilufer Ilhan ◽  
Sebahat Genc
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) with Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL), Ganglion Cell Complex (GCC) and choroidal tissue thickness (CCT). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 patients with OSAS and 50 controls between July 2014-January 2015). OSAS severity was classified by using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). RNFL thickness, GCC thickness and CCT analyses were performed by optic coherence tomography (OCT). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows version 21 software. Results: The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of the patients with OSAS 16.1±1.37, the cup/disc (C/D) ratio was 0.45±0.17 and vertical C/D ratio was 0.43±0.16. The control group mean IOP was 15.2±1.03, the C/D ratio was 0.36±0.20 and vertical C/D ratio was 0.34±0.19. These are all important measurements in glaucome and statisticallay significant (p=0.00, 0.022, 0.012). Althought the differences between the mean values of all quadrants RNFL thickness were similarly lower in OSAS group, this significance was not statistically different. Similarly the average GCC, minimum GCC and subfoveal CCT values between groups were not significant (p=0.79, 0.53, 0.9).Conclusion: In summary we found that peripapillary RNFL, GCC, CCT did not change with OSAS patients or the severity of OSAS. Further more we found that IOP, C/D ratio and vertical C/D ratio of patients were all significantly higher than control group. However multicenter longterm cohort studies are still needed to assess the definite changes of RNFL thickness, GCC and CCT in OSAS patients.

scholarly journals Early Corneal and Optic Nerve Changes In Paediatric Population Affected By Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Bonacci ◽  
Adriano Fasolo ◽  
Marco Zaffanello ◽  
Tommaso Merz ◽  
Giacomo Brocoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Abstract PURPOSE: The relation between OSAS and eye diseases is well-known in adults, while very few and contradictory data can be found regarding paediatric ages. The aim of this study is to explore the early corneal, macular and optic nerve changes in paediatric patients with OSAS. METHODS: prospective study that enrolled children aged ≥ 4 years referred to the Paediatric Pneumology Clinic in Verona for suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and investigated with the overnight respiratory polygraphy. Patients with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)>1 were classified as OSAS, those with AHI<1 were classified non-OSAS. All patients underwent comprehensive eye examination including slit lamp, refraction, intraocular pression (Goldman applanation tonometry), corneal tomography (corneal astigmatism, corneal keratometry at the apex, Surface Asymmetry Index, Central corneal Thickness and Thinnest corneal Thickness), optical coherence tomography (central macular thickness, macular volume, and retinal nerve fiber layer).RESULTS: 72 children were enrolled in the study. The overall prevalence of OSAS was 48.6%. Statistically significant differences were found between OSAS and non-OSAS group for corneal asymmetry (0.9 ± 0.5 and 0.6 ±0.3, respectively; p=0.02), thinnest corneal thickness (551.8 ± 33.9 and 563.7 ±32.5; p= 0.04), average retinal nerve fiber layer (102.8 µm ± 10.5 and 98.1 µm ±12.3; p=0.012) and in nasal quadrant (76.2±15.4 µm and 66.5 ±12.6 µm; p= 0.0002).CONCLUSIONS: comprehensive eye examination with corneal and optic nerve imaging showed early corneal and optic nerve changes in children newly diagnosed with OSAS. These could be prelude of the known ocular manifestations associated with OSAS in adult patients.

scholarly journals Alterations in Parafoveal and Optic Disc Vessel Densities in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgay Ucak ◽  
Ethem Unver
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Purpose. To analyze the effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on ocular parameters and determine the alterations in macular vasculature by optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) in patients with different stages of OSAS. Methods. All the participants underwent a full ophthalmological examination. Using the macular OCT-A scans, the retinal peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and superficial and deep vessel densities were recorded. Results. A total of 77 patients (154 eyes) with OSAS and 27 control cases (54 eyes) were included in this prospective study. Of the OSAS patients, 27 had mild, 24 had moderate, and 26 had severe disease. The intraocular pressure (IOP) values were significantly higher in the severe OSAS group than the control cases (p=0.001). The average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the RNFL thickness of the temporal and inferior quadrants were significantly lower in the severe OSAS group compared with the control cases (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in the mean RPCP values with a significant increase in the FAZ values of OSAS patients compared with the control group (p=0.001). Both the superficial and deep vascular densities were significantly decreased in OSAS patients, being the lowest in the severe OSAS group. Conclusions. Decreased vascular structures and increased FAZ may also be associated with the disease severity in OSAS and may be the main pathophysiological mechanisms in ocular alterations, which should be investigated in further studies.

scholarly journals Features of heart remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its comorbid association with obesity in the context of the senilism concept

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
T. O. Brodovskaya ◽  
O. O. Grishchenko ◽  
I. F. Grishina ◽  
T. F. Peretolchina
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Remodeling ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Aim. To analyze heart remodeling features in with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its association with obesity in the context of early cardiac aging.Material and methods. The study included 101 men, 41 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 30 comorbid patients with OSA and obesity, the control group consisted of 30 healthy people. The average passport age of the patients was 40,4±6,7 years. Evaluation of OSA was carried out by cardiorespiratory monitoring, structural and functional features of the heart condition were studied using the echocardiography method, the average biological age was calculated.Results. Patients of both studied groups were characterized by structural and geometric rearrangement of the left heart chambers, transformation of physiological ellipsoid model into a spherical (left ventricle (LV) sphericity index 0,64±0,07 in the control group, 1,09±0,03 in the OSA group, 1,01±0,03 in the OSA + obesity group, p<0,05), LV hypertrophy (LV myocardial mass index was 78,1±23,9 in the group of healthy individuals, 98,1±11,4 in the OSA group and 116,0±29,4 in the OSA + obesity group, p<0,01). Systolic function in both study groups was preserved however, a tendency to stress of adaptive remodeling mechanisms was revealed. In addition, diastolic dysfunction was detected in both groups, in OSA group was associated with elasticity of the LV wall decrease, and in the OSA + obesity group, both with a violation of elasticity and an increase in the LV wall stiffness. The biological age of patients with OSA is 14% higher than the passport age, and with the association of OSA and obesity, by 39%.Conclusion. The obtained data prove impact of respiratory sleep disorders at heart remodeling as well as increased biological age. At the same time, the association of OSA with obesity has an additive adverse effect on the remodeling processes and the biological age of patients.

scholarly journals Predictors of visceral obesity in normal weight obstructive sleep apnea patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Tatyana O. Brodovskaya ◽  
Egor A. Kovin ◽  
Oxana V. Bazhenova ◽  
Irina F. Grishina ◽  
Tatiana F. Peretolchina
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is epidemiologically related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The pathophysiology clues are metabolic changes and obesity. The most studied anthropometric predictors of obesity, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), are influenced by various factors such as sex, type of constitution, hydration balance. The normal range of BMI and WC limits the diagnostic search for metabolic disturbances and visceral obesity in patients with respiratory sleep distress and can lead to increased cardiovascular risks. AIMS: to investigate the visceral obesity predictors in normal weight patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We had performed а cross-sectional study, 68 patients were examined with mean age of 38.24 7.4 years. The main group (38 individuals) was represented by patients with OSAS. The control group consisted of healthy individuals without OSAS. Alternative markers of visceral obesity, such as lipid accumulation products, visceral obesity index, conicity index have been studied. RESULTS: In the main group we found different disorders of lipid metabolism such as the increase in triglyceride levels by 94%, low-density lipids by 32%, total cholesterol by 10% compared with the control group. Anthropometric evidence was obtained for excessive fat accumulation in patients with normal body weight and OSAS: WC was 89.6 5.7 cm in the main group and was higher than in the control group 83.7 6.3 cm (p = 0.024) due to an increase in the visceral fat compartment, as evidenced by the conicity index (67.2 7.0 and 59.3 6.2 respectively, p = 0.032) and waist to height ratio (0.58 0.05 and 0.53 0.04 in the main and control groups, respectively, p = 0.041). Correlation relationships between the severity of sleep apnea syndrome and visceral obesity indicators were revealed. CONCLUSIONS: Normal weight patients with breathing disorders are at risk of visceral fat obesity and, thereby, increased cardiovascular risk. Assessment of additional markers of visceral obesity in patients with normal body weight and sleep apnea is recommended to include in the dynamic observation programms.

Metamemory Beliefs and Episodic Memory in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Daurat ◽  
Nathalie Huet ◽  
Michel Tiberge
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Subjective Sleepiness ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

This study assessed metamemory and its role in actual episodic memory performance in 26 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and 27 healthy controls. Metamemory knowledge and memory beliefs were assessed using the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood. Episodic memory performance was investigated with the Remember/Know paradigm. Subjective sleepiness was evaluated. Patients underwent a polysomnographic assessment. In contrast to the control group's more stable memory beliefs, patients self-assessed their memory as declining across time, and felt more anxious about their memory. There was only a modest difference between patients' self-perceptions of their memory capacities and those of the control group, but patients' actual memory performance was strongly disturbed. While the later was significantly correlated with severity of obstructive sleep apnea, scores on the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood scales were not correlated with physiological measures, subjective sleepiness, or episodic memory performance. Obstructive sleep apnea may affect prefrontal cortex functioning and hence the ability to assess one's own memory impairment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Vitamin C Therapy Towards Malondialdehyde Plasma Content on Chronic Tonsillitis Patients With Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Sutji Pratiwi Rahardjo Hiro ◽  
Hiro Salomo Mangape ◽  
Abdul Qadar Punagi ◽  
Andi Nilawati Usman
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Sleep Apnea Syndrome is a syndrome with an episode of apnea or hypopnea during sleep. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the vitamin C therapy to plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in patients with chronic tonsillitis who have a risk factor of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), measured pre and post-therapy.METHODS: The design of this study was a clinical trial with pre-test and post-test control group. This study was conducted in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital in Makassar and 30 subjects was enrolled (20 subjects were patients with chronic tonsillitis and OSAS, and 10 subjects were control). The measurement of plasma MDA level was obtained using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test.RESULTS: The results of this study showed a decreasing level of plasma MDA in patients with chronic tonsillitis and OSAS after the vitamin C therapy. However, there was no significant difference between patients who had not received vitamin C therapy.CONCLUSION: The intervention of vitamin C in chronic tonsillitis patients and can reduce levels of plasma MDA.

scholarly journals Can Monocyte to HDL Ratio be a new Marker for Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Aida Mahmoud Yousef ◽  
◽  
Jehan J El-Jawhari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relation of serum monocyte to serum HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). A total of 62 patients with an apnea hypopnea index (AHI > 5) and excessive daytime sleepiness were included in this study as OSAS group. The individuals with (AHI) < 5/h were included in the study as controls. OSAS patients were compared with the control group for high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, serum monocyte count, and monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR). Mild, moderate and severe OSAS subgroups were compared for the same parameters. Results: MHR was 11.93 ± 6.52 in the control group while it was 14.87 ± 6.98 in OSAS group, with a statistically significant difference in between them (p= 0.016). The MHR were positively correlated with AHI and the minimum oxygen saturation (p = 0.003 and p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusion: serum monocyte to serum HDL cholesterol ratio increased as OSAS severity increased. MHR is an easy and available biomarker. It can be used as a new marker for severity of OSAS

scholarly journals Defining Safety Space for Functional Tongue Surgery in Korean Male Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients; Analysis on Spatial Relation of the Tongue and the Lingual Artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 641-651
Author(s):  
Marn Joon Park ◽  
Young Jun Choi ◽  
Yong Seok Lee ◽  
Yoo-Sam Chung
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Spatial Relation ◽  
Lingual Artery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Background and Objectives Upon operation of the tongue base for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), the lingual artery and the hypoglossal nerve are put at risk of injury, resulting in fatal complications such as massive bleeding upon damage. We studied the course of lingual artery in its relation with the tongue in OSAS patients and compared it with the age-and- gender-matched normal population.Subjects and Method Korean male patients confirmed with OSAS by polysomnography, including those who had contrast-enhanced computed tomography (ceCT) of the head and neck, were defined as “OSAS group.” Patients who had their ceCT image during the same study period were defined as the “control group.” The control group was paired with the OSAS group by age and sex. By using foramen cecum (FC) as the main reference point, four reference marks were defined. For each reference point, the distance between both lingual arteries and the depth of the lingual artery from the lingual surface of the tongue were evaluated. Results The depth of the lingual artery from the lingual surface of the tongue in the OSAS group (25.1±8.6 mm) was significantly different from the control (29.5±5.9 mm) at 1 cm anterior to the FC level (p<0.014). The width of both lingual arteries was narrower in the OSAS group (20.9±2.9) than in the control (24.3±6.1) at the FC level (p<0.003). Conclusion The course of lingual artery and its spatial relation with the tongue in Korean male OSAS patients differs from the matched normal population.

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