Prevalence and causes of clinically detectable uveitic serous retinal detachment

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212199139
Author(s):  
Robert M Kinast ◽  
Sharon D Solomon ◽  
Leo DP Cubillan ◽  
Anna Hovakimyan ◽  
Nisha Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Clinical Finding ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Intraocular Lymphoma ◽  
Posterior Scleritis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Toxoplasmic Retinochoroiditis ◽  
Vkh Disease

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and causes of clinically detectable uveitic serous retinal detachment (SRD). Methods: Retrospective chart review of a large clinic-based series. Results: Serous retinal detachment was present in 78 of the 2761 (2.8%) patients. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease was the most commonly identified cause (38/78, 48.7%). Less common associated etiologies included toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (8/78, 10.3%), sarcoidosis (5/78, 6.4%), intraocular lymphoma (4/78, 5.1%), presumed tuberculosis (3/78, 3.8%), and posterior scleritis (2/78, 2.6%). Fifteen patients (19.2%) with uveitic SRD at presentation had no identifiable etiology and were labeled idiopathic or indeterminant. Thirty of the 38 patients with VKH disease (78.9%) had positive neurological and/or integumentary findings, and therefore constituted either complete or incomplete subtypes of the disease. The remaining eight (21.1%) had presumed/ocular VKH disease limited to the eye. Conclusion: While VKH disease by far is the most common cause of clinically detectable uveitic SRD, a number of other non-infectious and infectious inflammatory disorders were also associated with this distinctive clinical finding.

scholarly journals Prevalence of amblyopia and patterns of refractive error in the amblyopic children of a tertiary eye care center of Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sapkota ◽  
A Pirouzian ◽  
NS Matta
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Ocular Pathology ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Refractive error is a common cause of amblyopia. Objective: To determine prevalence of amblyopia and the pattern and the types of refractive error in children with amblyopia in a tertiary eye hospital of Nepal. Materials and methods: A retrospective chart review of children diagnosed with amblyopia in the Nepal Eye Hospital (NEH) from July 2006 to June 2011 was conducted. Children of age 13+ or who had any ocular pathology were excluded. Cycloplegic refraction and an ophthalmological examination was performed for all children. The pattern of refractive error and the association between types of refractive error and types of amblyopia were determined. Results: Amblyopia was found in 0.7 % (440) of 62,633 children examined in NEH during this period. All the amblyopic eyes of the subjects had refractive error. Fifty-six percent (248) of the patients were male and the mean age was 7.74 ± 2.97 years. Anisometropia was the most common cause of amblyopia (p < 0.001). One third (29 %) of the subjects had bilateral amblyopia due to high ametropia. Forty percent of eyes had severe amblyopia with visual acuity of 20/120 or worse. About twothirds (59.2 %) of the eyes had astigmatism. Conclusion: The prevalence of amblyopia in the Nepal Eye Hospital is 0.7%. Anisometropia is the most common cause of amblyopia. Astigmatism is the most common types of refractive error in amblyopic eyes. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2013; 5(9):38-44 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v5i1.7820

Outcomes After the Use of Silicone Oil in Complex Retinal Detachment Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Omar A. Saleh ◽  
Efrat Fleissig ◽  
Charles C. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

Purpose: This study compares visual acuity (VA), anatomic outcomes, and complications in eyes that underwent complex retinal detachment (RD) repair in which silicone oil (SO) was retained vs removed. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing vitrectomy with SO tamponade. The eyes were divided into 2 groups based upon SO removal or retention. Main outcome measures were corrected VA, anatomic outcomes, and the presence of SO-related complications. Results: Fifty-seven eyes with removed SO and 53 eyes with retained SO were identified. In both groups, the mean best-corrected VA (BCVA) at the final visit was significantly better than at baseline. In the retained-SO group, vision improved from 1.79 ± 0.6 to 1.2 ± 0.7 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (Snellen, 20/1200 to 20/350) at the final visit ( P < .001). In the removed-SO group, mean BCVA improved from 1.84 ± 0.5 at baseline to 1.55 ± 0.6 logMAR units (Snellen, 20/1400 to 20/700) at the visit preceding SO removal ( P < .002) and to 1.43 ± 0.6 logMAR units (Snellen, 20/500) at the final visit ( P < .001). Complication rates were similar in both groups, apart from RD, which occurred more frequently in the removed-SO group ( P = .03). Conclusions: There was similarity in VA and complications among patients with removed or retained SO. Removal of SO may benefit eyes with SO-related complications, but SO retention may decrease the chance of RD and may be indicated in selected cases.

scholarly journals Headache in a 27-year-old man: Bilateral serous retinal detachment

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 068-070
Author(s):  
Gholamhossein Yaghoubi ◽  
Behrouz Heydari ◽  
Mohammad Ali Yaghoobi
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Normal Limit ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Dose Oral ◽  
Prescribed Medicines ◽  
Vkh Disease ◽  
Probable Diagnosis

ABSTRACTA 27-year-old man with a complaint of headache, tinnitus, and visual obscuration presented to a neurologist. Neurologic evaluations, including MRI and CT scan, were within normal limit. The prescribed medicines were propranolol, sumatriptin, valproate sodium, and dexamethasone. Ophthalmic examination was associated with reduction of visual acuity of eyes, bilateral uveitis, and serous retinal detachment. The most probable diagnosis was Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease. Prescribing high-dose oral steroid and acetazolamide-improved systemic and ocular symptoms. Although HLAB5 is positive in Behçet disease, it also may be seen in VKH.

scholarly journals Infectious Causes of Eosinophilic Meningitis in Korean Patients: A Single-Institution Retrospective Chart Review from 2004 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Sunghee Park ◽  
Jiwon Jung ◽  
Yong Pil Chong ◽  
Sung-Han Kim ◽  
Sang-Oh Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningitis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Korean Patients ◽  
Fungal Meningitis ◽  
Neurologic Sequelae ◽  
Acute Meningitis ◽  
Parasite Infections

Eosinophilic meningitis is defined as the presence of more than 10 eosinophils per μl in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or eosinophils accounting for more than 10% of CSF leukocytes in patients with acute meningitis. Parasites are the most common cause of eosinophilic meningitis worldwide, but there is limited research on patients in Korea. Patients diagnosed with eosinophilic meningitis between January 2004 and June 2018 at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea were retrospectively reviewed. The etiology and clinical characteristics of each patient were identified. Of the 22 patients included in the study, 11 (50%) had parasitic causes, of whom 8 (36%) were diagnosed as neurocysticercosis and 3 (14%) as Toxocara meningitis. Four (18%) patients were diagnosed with fungal meningitis, and underlying immunodeficiency was found in 2 of these patients. The etiology of another 4 (18%) patients was suspected to be tuberculosis, which is endemic in Korea. Viral and bacterial meningitis were relatively rare causes of eosinophilic meningitis, accounting for 2 (9%) and 1 (5%) patients, respectively. One patient with neurocysticercosis and 1 patient with fungal meningitis died, and 5 (23%) had neurologic sequelae. Parasite infections, especially neurocysticercosis and toxocariasis, were the most common cause of eosinophilic meningitis in Korean patients. Fungal meningitis, while relatively rare, is often aggressive and must be considered when searching for the cause of eosinophilic meningitis.

scholarly journals Unilateral Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: A Clinical Case Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arminda Neves ◽  
Ana Cardoso ◽  
Mariana Almeida ◽  
Joana Campos ◽  
António Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Exudative Retinal Detachment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Vkh Disease

Purpose: To report a case of a 20-year-old female with decreased visual acuity (VA) in the left eye (LE). Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive case report based on data from clinical records, patient observation and analysis of diagnostic tests. Results: A 20-year-old female presented with decreased VA in the LE for 3 days. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye (RE) and 20/40 in the LE. Pupillary function, intraocular pressure, results of external segment examinations and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were normal, bilaterally. RE fundoscopy was normal, and in the LE it revealed papillitis and posterior pole exudative retinal detachment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed the macular serous retinal detachment and showed thickening of the posterior choroid also revealed by orbital ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fluorescein angiography showed angiographic features typical of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease: disseminated spotted choroidal hyperfluorescence and choroidal multifocal hypofluorescence, multifocal profuse leakage in the retina with pooling, serous retinal detachment and optic disc hyperfluorescence. Serological testing for the diagnosis of infectious pathologies was negative, and the review of systems was normal. The patient received systemic steroids and cyclosporine. LE BCVA improved up to 20/20 at 18 months after the diagnosis, with complete reabsorption of subretinal fluid and normal retinal and choroidal thickness by OCT. Conclusion: Despite the unilateral involvement, the clinical and angiographic features were typical of VKH disease, and ophthalmologists should be aware to recognize this rare clinical variant of the disease.

scholarly journals Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy Sharing Characteristic OCT Findings of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yuta Kitamura ◽  
Toshiyuki Oshitari ◽  
Masayasu Kitahashi ◽  
Takayuki Baba ◽  
Shuichi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Hla Typing ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Vkh Disease

A 17-year-old male presented with acute bilateral paracentral scotomata and blurred vision. Funduscopic examination showed bilateral macular serous retinal detachment and yellow-white placoid lesions at the level of retinal pigment epithelium. OCT study showed typical VKH disease findings with marked choroidal thickening and macular serous retinal detachment partly with subretinal septa in both eyes. FA demonstrated hypofluorescence at the placoid lesions in the early phase and hyperfluorescence in the late phase. Laboratory investigation showed negative result for HLA-DR4 serotype and the patient’s cerebrospinal fluid test values were within normal range. We made the diagnosis of APMPPE from these results. At 2-month follow-up without the use of corticosteroids, OCT reexamination showed complete amelioration of subretinal fluid in both eyes. Patchy pigmentary lesions also resolved clinically with partial chorioretinal scars. The results in this case suggested OCT findings in APMPPE patients could be similar to characteristic features usually found in acute VKH disease. We recommend comprehensive assessments such as FA, cerebral spinal fluid analysis, and HLA typing which help in leading proper diagnosis.

scholarly journals The clinical features of posterior scleritis with serous retinal detachment: A retrospective clinical analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhizhang Dong ◽  
Yifeng Gan ◽  
Yinan Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Posterior Scleritis ◽  
Axis Length

Abstract Objective: To summarize the clinical features, systemic associations, risk factors and choroidal thickness(CT) changing in posterior scleritis (PS) with serous retinal detachment. Methods: This retrospective study included 23 patients with PS with retinal detachment from August 2012 to July 2017. All patients were documented with the Medical history and clinical features were recorded. The examinations included best corrected visual acuity (BACV), intraocular pressure（IOP）, fundus examination, routine eye examinations. Posterior coats thickness (PCT) was determined by B scan Ultrasound, the CT was measured by enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). And clinical data were compiled and analyzed. Results: After application of extensive exclusion criteria, 23 patients with PS remained (13 females, 10 males). The average age at presentation was 29.5 ± 9.24 years old. Ocular pain and blurred vision were the two most common symptoms complained by patients. Anterior scleritis occurred in 12 patients, which was confirmed by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) examination. Despite all patients displaying serous retinal detachment in their macula, no fluorescein leakage was observed in the macular. Optic disc swelling was documented in 10 of the 23 eyes. From B-scan ultrasound examination, the PCT increased with fluid in Tenon’s capsule demonstrated as a typical T-sign. The average PCT was 2.51 ± 0.85 mm in the PS-affected eye and only 1.09 ± 0.29 mm in the unaffected eye; this difference reached statistical significance. The subfoveal CT increased to an average of 442.61 ± 55.61μm, which correlated with axis length and PCT, but not with IOP. The BCVA and IOP did not correlate with either CT or the PCT. Conclusions: PS with serous retinal detachment presented with a variety of symptoms, such as pain and visual loss, and physical indicators. Typical T-sign detected by B-scan ultrasound was a useful confirmatory sign for PS diagnosis. Pathological increases in CT might be a potential predictive factor for inflammation.

scholarly journals Retinal Detachment in Down Syndrome: Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badr O. AlAhmadi ◽  
Sulaiman M. Alsulaiman ◽  
J. Fernando Arevalo
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Light Perception ◽  
Hand Motion ◽  
Postoperative Visual Acuity ◽  
Anatomical Outcomes

Purpose.To determine the functional and anatomic outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery in patients with Down syndrome.Methods.A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with Down syndrome who had undergone surgery for RRD at King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital between 1995 and 2014.Results.A total of 245 patients with Down syndrome were evaluated during the study period. Eighteen eyes of 15 patients (6.1%) with RRD were identified. Three out of 15 patients (20%) presented with bilateral retinal detachment. All eyes presented with macula off retinal detachment. The retina was successfully reattached in 16/18 (88.8%) eyes after a mean follow-up of 48 months. The final postoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 20/125 (median: hand motion) (11/18 eyes).Conclusions.The anatomic success rate of retinal reattachment surgery in patients with Down syndrome is comparable to the general population. Patients with Down syndrome should undergo regular ophthalmic examinations for early diagnosis. Despite late diagnosis and the presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in some patients, favorable anatomical outcomes can be achieved.

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