Treatment with Bifemelane for Optic Nerve Damage following High Intraocular Pressure in Rat Eyes

Glaucoma is a chronic or acute disease in which optic nerve damage occurs in a characteristic way. In primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), the manifestations of the optic nerve damage include visible excavation that develops in the optic nerve head and regions of the retina lose ability to detect all the elements that go into the total sensory prod-uct called vision.1, 2 When these regions worsen and enlarge to coalesce, the result is blindness.The intraocular pressure (IOP) has a causative role in producing the damage. All eyes have an in-ternal pressure to keep them inﬂated, perhaps 17 mmHg on the average, ± 5 mmHg standard devia-tion. In at least two thirds of the eyes that suffer glaucomatous damage, the intraocular pressure is high, at least a bit above the pressure found in 95% of the non-glaucomatous population. The cut-off is in the region of 20 to 22 mmHg used by most deﬁnitions.2 However, a normal or even low intra-ocular pressure can be harmful to some eyes, and when it is, the person has normal or low tension glaucoma. The traditional treatment of glaucoma has logically been to lower the intraocular pres-sure, to prevent further damage to the optic nerve, though previous damage is not undone.

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Biaxial Mechanical Testing of Porcine Sclera Using Ultrasound Speckle Tracking for Strain Measurement

Volume 1B: Extremity; Fluid Mechanics; Gait; Growth, Remodeling, and Repair; Heart Valves; Injury Biomechanics; Mechanotransduction and Sub-Cellular Biophysics; MultiScale Biotransport; Muscle, Tendon and Ligament; Musculoskeletal Devices; Multiscale Mechanics; Thermal Medicine; Ocular Biomechanics; Pediatric Hemodynamics; Pericellular Phenomena; Tissue Mechanics; Biotransport Design and Devices; Spine; Stent Device Hemodynamics; Vascular Solid Mechanics; Student Paper and Design Competitions ◽

10.1115/sbc2013-14253 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin Cruz-Perez ◽

Hugh J. Morris ◽

Junhua Tang ◽

Richard T. Hart ◽

Xueliang Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Mechanical Testing ◽

Optic Nerve Head ◽

Strain Measurement ◽

Speckle Tracking ◽

Nerve Damage ◽

Glaucomatous Damage ◽

Optic Nerve Damage ◽

Biaxial Mechanical Testing

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and is associated with characteristic optic nerve damage (Clark 2012). Intraocular pressure (IOP) induced deformation of the optic nerve head (ONH) and posterior sclera may be involved in the etiology of glaucomatous damage.

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The Clinical Features of Graves’ Orbitopathy with Elevated Intraocular Pressure

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2021/9879503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Shu-Xian Fan ◽

Peng Zeng ◽

Zi-Jing Li ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Jia-Qi Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Thyroid Disease ◽

Visual Fields ◽

Nerve Damage ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Optic Nerve Damage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Elevated Intraocular Pressure ◽

Graves Orbitopathy

Background. To investigate the clinical characteristics of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) using the European Group of Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) system. Methods. In this retrospective study, the clinical data of GO patients with elevated IOP (≥21 mmHg) were collected in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 2010 to June 2016. The demographic characteristics, clinical history of thyroid disease and GO, and ocular examination data were evaluated, and the activity and severity of GO were classified. Results. Data were collected from 58 eyes of 39 patients. The durations of thyroid disease and GO were 15.9 ± 18.9 months and 7.5 ± 6.2 months, respectively. The average IOP was 24.8 ± 5.3 mmHg (range: 21–55 mmHg). No significant difference in IOP was observed between active and inactive eyes. Eight eyes (13.8%), 29 eyes (50.0%), and 21 eyes (36.2%) were graded as mild, moderate-severe, and sight-threatening disease, respectively, according to the EUGOGO classification. The IOP was not significantly different among the three EUGOGO grades. No glaucomatous optic nerve damage or visual field defects were found. Conclusion. Increased IOP was evident for every grade of GO severity and activity of the EUGOGO system. IOP, glaucomatous optic nerve damage, and visual fields must be evaluated regularly during follow-up evaluations, regardless of the degree of activity and severity of GO.

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