Effect of pelvic tilt and rotation on cup orientation in standing anteroposterior radiographs

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Hyun Yun ◽  
William S Murphy ◽  
Daniel M Ward ◽  
Guoyan Zheng ◽  
Brett Hayden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Pelvic Rotation ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cup Positioning

Background: Individual pelvic tilt and rotation have wide variability that can affect the measurement of cup orientation in anteroposterior (AP) radiographs. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of pelvic tilt and rotation on radiographic measurements of cup orientation. Methods: A total of 53 patients (63 hips) were included in this study. The patients underwent a computed tomography study with standing AP pelvis radiographs taken both preoperatively and approximately 3 months postoperatively. We used 2-dimensional/3-dimensional matching to measure the pelvic tilt and rotation, and the non-standardised and standardised cup orientation. Results: There was no difference in the pelvic tilt and rotation between the preoperative and postoperative radiographs. The distribution of the differences between the non-standardised and standardised cup anteversion exhibited a change within 5° in only 34/63 (54%) hips. The pelvic tilt correlated with the difference between the non-standardised and standardised cup anteversion, but the pelvic rotation did not. When all 63 hips were separated into the right and left sides, the pelvic rotation inversely correlated with the pelvic tilt-adjusted difference between the non-standardised and standardised cup anteversion of the right side but directly correlated with that of the left side. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that the measurement of cup anteversion in standing AP radiographs is significantly affected by both the pelvic tilt and pelvic rotation. An improved understanding of the pelvic orientation may eventually allow for desired cup positioning on a patient-specific basis to potentially reduce complications associated with the malposition of the cup.

Is computerised 3D templating more accurate than 2D templating to predict size of components in primary total hip arthroplasty?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Schiffner ◽  
David Latz ◽  
Pascal Jungbluth ◽  
Jan P Grassmann ◽  
Stephan Tanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Primary Thas ◽  
Implant Size ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of preoperative templating in total hip arthroplasty (THA) using conventional 2-dimensional (2D) and computed tomography (CT)-based 3-dimensional (3D) measures. Methods: One hundred and sixteen consecutive primary THAs were analysed. The preoperative diagnosis was primary osteoarthritis in all cases. The 2D templating and the 3D templating were performed by two different residents. All templating results were available for the orthopaedic surgeon performing the procedure. Accuracies with regard to the predicted and actual implant sizes were determined for each procedure. Implantation of the size as planned was defined as “exact”, whereas the use of components within one size larger or smaller (±1) as planned were defined as “accurate.” Results: The 3D templating was significantly more accurate in predicting implant sizing compared to 2D templating for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). The difference was statistically significant for the cup templating (‘‘exact’’ p = 0.02; ‘‘accurate’’ p = 0.01) and for the stem templating (‘‘exact’’ p = 0.04; ‘‘accurate’’ p = 0.01). Conclusion: Our results support the superiority of 3D templating over 2D templating in predicting implant size.

scholarly journals A study on maxillary sinus dimensions by computed tomography in population of Tamil Nadu

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 091-096
Author(s):  
N Muthukumaravel ◽  
K.Y Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Abstract Background and aims: Maxillary sinuses are the largest of the paranasal sinuses known for variability in their dimensions. The maxillary sinus dimensions can be better ascertained in living by using computed tomography instead of plain radiography. This study was planned for highlighting the variations in the dimensions of the maxillary sinuses of population of Tamil Nadu region. The aims of the present study were to estimate dimensions of the maxillary sinuses on computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head of patients from Tamil Nadu and to compare the data gender wise and sidewise. Material and methods: Maximum width, height and depth of maxillary sinus of both sides were measured in CT - head images of 100 males and 100 females of 20-50 years of age in Tamil Nadu. Comparison of data between genders and sides by applying unpaired student "t" test was done. Results : The mean depth, height and width of both right and left maxillary sinuses were comparatively less in females than the males and the difference was found to be statistically significant ( P <.0001). On comparison between the sides of maxillary sinuses, the depth and the height of maxillary sinus did not show any significant difference in the measurements (p >.05), whereas the width of the left side (23.96 mm) was higher than that of the right side (23.69) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P<.05). The combined average maxillary sinus dimensions (in mm) for both genders in the study population of Tamil Nadu are as follows: Right side depth: 33.71 ± 1.00; Left side depth : 33.65 ± 1.22; Right side height: 34.66 ± 2.71; Left side height: 34.74± 2.48; Right side width: 23.69 ± 0.78 and Left side width: 23.96 ± 0.86. Conclusion: The dimensions of maxillary sinuses in males were found to be larger than those of females and this difference was statistically significant. The average width of the maxillary sinuses on the left side is significantly more than that of right sided sinuses. Computed tomography measurements of maxillary sinuses may be useful in gender determination.

Extradural spinal angiolipoma associated with bone lysis in a dog

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Reif ◽  
CT Lowrie ◽  
SD Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Spinal Tumor ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bone Lysis ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

An extradural spinal tumor was diagnosed in a 12-year-old Labrador retriever that was presented with a one-week history of paraparesis. Myelography indicated a deviation of the spinal cord to the right side at the level of the second lumbar (L2) vertebra. The difference in length measuring the left and right sides of the L2 vertebra suggested a fracture of the vertebral body. Severe bone remodeling and an extradural mass were seen on computed tomography (CT). Clinical, radiographical, and histological findings are described and considered homologous to extradural angiolipomas described in the human literature.

Role of post-mapping computed tomography in virtual-assisted lung mapping

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Sato ◽  
Kazuhiro Nagayama ◽  
Hideki Kuwano ◽  
Jun-ichi Nitadori ◽  
Masaki Anraku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Guidance ◽  
Virtual Bronchoscopy ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marking Technique ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dye Marking

Background Virtual-assisted lung mapping is a novel bronchoscopic preoperative lung marking technique in which virtual bronchoscopy is used to predict the locations of multiple dye markings. Post-mapping computed tomography is performed to confirm the locations of the actual markings. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of marking locations predicted by virtual bronchoscopy and elucidate the role of post-mapping computed tomography. Methods Automated and manual virtual bronchoscopy was used to predict marking locations. After bronchoscopic dye marking under local anesthesia, computed tomography was performed to confirm the actual marking locations before surgery. Discrepancies between marking locations predicted by the different methods and the actual markings were examined on computed tomography images. Forty-three markings in 11 patients were analyzed. Results The average difference between the predicted and actual marking locations was 30 mm. There was no significant difference between the latest version of the automated virtual bronchoscopy system (30.7 ± 17.2 mm) and manual virtual bronchoscopy (29.8 ± 19.1 mm). The difference was significantly greater in the upper vs. lower lobes (37.1 ± 20.1 vs. 23.0 ± 6.8 mm, for automated virtual bronchoscopy; p < 0.01). Despite this discrepancy, all targeted lesions were successfully resected using 3-dimensional image guidance based on post-mapping computed tomography reflecting the actual marking locations. Conclusions Markings predicted by virtual bronchoscopy were dislocated from the actual markings by an average of 3 cm. However, surgery was accurately performed using post-mapping computed tomography guidance, demonstrating the indispensable role of post-mapping computed tomography in virtual-assisted lung mapping.

scholarly journals Usefulness of right ventriculography compared with computed tomography for ruling out the possibility of lead perforation before lead extraction

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0245502
Author(s):  
Saori Asada ◽  
Nobuhiro Nishii ◽  
Takayoshi Shinya ◽  
Akihito Miyoshi ◽  
Yoshimasa Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Lead Perforation ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Purpose High-risk patients can be identified by preprocedural computed tomography (CT) before lead extraction. However, CT evaluation may be difficult especially for lead tip identification due to artifacts in the leads. Selective right ventriculography (RVG) may enable preprocedural evaluation of lead perforation. We investigated the efficacy of RVG for identifying right ventricular (RV) lead perforation compared with CT in patients who underwent lead extraction. Methods Ninety-five consecutive patients who were examined by thin-section non-ECG-gated multidetector CT and RVG before lead extraction were investigated retrospectively. Newly recognized pericardial effusion after lead extraction was used as a reference standard for lead perforation. We analyzed the prevalence of RV lead perforation diagnosed by each method. The difference in the detection rates of lead perforation by RVG and CT was evaluated. Results Of the 115 RV leads in the 95 patients, lead perforation was diagnosed for 35 leads using CT, but the leads for 29 (83%) of those 35 leads diagnosed as lead perforation by CT were shown to be within the right ventricle by RVG. Three patients with 5 leads could not be evaluated by CT due to motion artifacts. The diagnostic accuracies of RVG and CT were significantly different (p < 0.001). There was no complication of pericardial effusion caused by RV lead extraction. Conclusion RVG for identification of RV lead perforation leads to fewer false-positives compared to non-ECG-gated CT. However, even in cases in which lead perforation is diagnosed, most leads may be safely extracted by transvenous lead extraction.

scholarly journals Patient-Specific “Safe Zones” Reduce the Rate of Dislocation after Total Hip Arthroplasty

10.29007/17jm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Vigdorchik ◽  
Zlatan Cizmic ◽  
David Novikov ◽  
Michael Bradley ◽  
Michael Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Pelvic Incidence ◽  
Dynamic Imaging ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Acetabular Cup ◽  
Lumbar Flexion ◽  
Imaging Sequence ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Safe Zones ◽  
Cup Positioning

INTRODUCTION: Most dislocations have been shown to occur within Lewinnek’s proposed safe zone (LSZ) for cup inclination (40°±10°) and anteversion (15°±10°). Using a functional and dynamic simulation that accounts for individual patient anatomy and variations in pelvic tilt, we created a patient-specific target orientation for the acetabular cup. The purposes of this study were to: (1) compare pre-operative acetabular cup parameters using this novel dynamic imaging sequence to the LSZ, and (2) describe rates of dislocation in patients whose pre-operative acetabular cup parameters were determined using dynamic imaging sequences.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 1,500 consecutive, primary THAs that underwent dynamic sitting and standing pre-operative acetabular cup planning. Using these inputs, we modeled an optimal cup position for each patient. Inclination, anteversion, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, lumbar flexion angles, and rates of dislocation were analyzed.RESULTS: Mean age of patients was 63 years. Mean pelvic tilt was 4.7o when supine, -0.3o when standing, and -0.7o when flex-seated. Mean pelvic incidence was 54o and mean lumbar flexion was 43o. Mean inclination was 40° and mean anteversion was 24°. Only 56% of the dynamically planned cups were within the LSZ (p&lt;0.05). Mean inclination and anteversion difference between dynamic and LSZ was 1.3o and 8.9o, respectively. Only 0.5% of dynamically planned cups dislocated post-operatively, all were within LSZ.DISCUSSION: Acetabular cup positioning in patient-specific safe zones reduces the rate of dislocation after THA. Historical target parameters for cup inclination and anteversion significantly differ to target values obtained with the use of functional imaging.

scholarly journals Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Mental Foramen Variations: A Preliminary Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Sheikhi ◽  
Mitra Karbasi Kheir ◽  
Ehsan Hekmatian
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Shape ◽  
Surgical Operations

Background. Mental foramen is important in surgical operations of premolars because it transfers the mental nerves and vessels. This study evaluated the variations of mental foramen by cone-beam computed tomography among a selected Iranian population.Materials and Methods. A total number of 180 cone-beam computed tomography projections were analyzed in terms of shape, size, direction, and horizontal and vertical positions of mental foramen in the right and left sides.Results. The most common shape was oval, opening direction was posterior-superior, horizontal position was in line with second premolar, and vertical position was apical to the adjacent dental root. The mean of foremen diameter was 3.59 mm.Conclusion. In addition to the most common types of mental foramen, other variations exist, too. Hence, it reflects the significance of preoperative radiographic examinations, especially 3-dimensional images to prevent nerve damage.

Preoperative Guidance With Weight-Bearing Computed Tomography and Patient-Specific Instrumentation in Foot and Ankle Surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 155633162110263
Author(s):  
Jacob Zeitlin ◽  
Jensen Henry ◽  
Scott Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Implant Positioning ◽  
Patient Specific Instrumentation ◽  
Ankle Surgery

The use of preoperative and intraoperative guidance in foot and ankle surgery has grown substantially in recent years. Weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT) and patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) are used in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) to achieve precise bone cutting and implant positioning, and intraoperative 3-dimensional (3D) imaging has been used to reduce complications and improve clinical outcomes in other foot and ankle surgical procedures. This narrative review of the literature focuses on the evidence supporting the use of WBCT and PSI in TAA and looks at other promising technologies used to guide foot and ankle surgery.

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