multidetector ct
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2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-580
Author(s):  
Souji Sane ◽  
Yasuhiko Fujita ◽  
Teruyoshi Amagai

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Mi Gil ◽  
Myung Hee Chung ◽  
Ki-Nam Lee ◽  
Jung Im Jung ◽  
Won Jong Yoo ◽  
...  

Abstract Background To demonstrate and analyze the relatively common imaging findings in this rare primary pleural angiosarcoma (PPA). Case presentation Three cases of PPA, proven by video-assisted thoracic surgery biopsies are retrospectively reviewed. Patients were all male. Age ranges from 65 to 75 years old age (mean; 69). Major chief complaints were dyspnea and chest pain. One has a history of colon cancer, the other has a tuberculosis history and the other has no known history. Multidetector chest CT and PET CT were all done. Immunohistochemical studies were performed including CD31, CD34, or factor VIII-related antigen, vimentin, and cytokeratin. We also review the literatures on recently published PPA. All masses were from 1 to 10 cm. All three patients had multiple pleural based masses, which were ovoid in shape with relatively sharp margin in unilateral hemithorax. Multiple small circumscribed pleural masses are limited in the pleural space in two patients, whereas two, huge lobulated masses about up to 10 cm were present with pleural and extrapleural involvement in one patient. In two patients with pleural mass only, multiple pleural masses were only seen in parietal pleura in one patient and were in both visceral and parietal pleura in one patient. Pleural effusion were found in one side in one patient and in both sides in one patient. One angiosarcoma was arised from chronic tuberculotic pleurisy sequelae. All pleural masses are heterogenous with irregular internal low densities in all patients. Hematogenous metastases were found in liver, vertebra, rib in one patient, and were in lungs with mediastinal lymph node metastases in the other patient. Three patients survived for longer than 3months after diagnosis, but continued to deteriorate rapidly. Two patients underwent chemotherapy after surgical excision, and the other one with multiple metastases treated chemotherapy after CT-guided biopsy, but eventually all died. As a result of comparative analysis of a total of 13 patients’ images including 10 cases previously published, there was pleural effusion in all except 2 cases. Conclusions PPA were all necrotic without any vascularized enhancing nature, and manifested as unilateral circumscribed or localized pleural-based masses.


Author(s):  
F.A. Denewar ◽  
M. Urano ◽  
Y. Ozawa ◽  
K. Suzuki ◽  
T. Ito ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Verma ◽  
Anil Rawat ◽  
Siddharth Mishra ◽  
Nitin Arun Dikshit

Truncus arteriosus (TA) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly caused by failure of normal conotruncal septation during the fetal development. This aberration leads to a common ventricular outflow artery over the malaligned large ventricular septal defect (VSD), supplying systemic, coronary and pulmonary circulation. People with such anomalous anatomy show variable presentation from early childhood to adult life depending on the severity of defects. We here present three cases of truncus arteriosus with aortic interruption / hypoplasia-coarctation (type A4 truncus arteriosus) with focus on relevant dual source MDCTA findings.


Author(s):  
Vinita Rathi ◽  
Varun Yadav ◽  
Bonny S. Deep ◽  
Shuchi Bhatt ◽  
Subhash Giri

Abstract Objective To study the CT appearances of the abdomen after completion of antitubercular therapy (ATT) in adult patients. Methods Multidetector CT scan abdomen was done in 20 adults within 1 month of completing ATT. CT appearances were compared with pretreatment scans which were available in 7 cases. Results We found that residual ileocecal wall thickening and enhancement was significant (p < 0.05) after treatment in cases of ileocecal tuberculosis (TB). Mild decrease in wall thickness and diameter of the involved dilated small bowel loops was seen. Numerous large, matted nodes with necrosis persisted in the mesentery and retroperitoneum in treated TB, but reduction in the size of nodes was appreciated. Conclusion Our results help to fill the vacuum in the database of CT appearances in treated abdominal TB. Persistence of bowel changes and lymph nodes should not be mistaken for recurrence of TB or residual disease.


Author(s):  
Nigar Salimova ◽  
Jan B. Hinrichs ◽  
Marcel Gutberlet ◽  
Bernhard C. Meyer ◽  
Frank K. Wacker ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the impact of the reconstructed field-of-view (FOV) on image quality in computed-tomography angiography (CTA) of the lower extremities. Methods A total of 100 CTA examinations of the lower extremities were acquired on a 2 × 192-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) scanner. Three different datasets were reconstructed covering both legs (standard FOV size) as well as each leg separately (reduced FOV size). The subjective image quality was evaluated for the different vessel segments (femoral, popliteal, crural, pedal) by three readers using a semi-quantitative Likert scale. Additionally, objective image quality was assessed using an automated image quality metric on a per-slice basis. Results The subjective assessment of the image quality showed an almost perfect interrater agreement. The image quality of the small FOV datasets was rated significantly higher as compared to the large datasets for all patients and vessel segments (p < 0.05) with a tendency towards a higher effect in smaller vessels. The difference of the mean scores between the group with the large FOV and small FOV was 0.68 for the femoral level, 0.83 for the popliteal level, 1.12 for the crural level, and 1.08 for the pedal level. The objective image quality metric also demonstrated a significant improvement of image quality in the small FOV datasets. Conclusions Side-separated reconstruction of each leg in CTA of the lower extremities using a small reconstruction FOV significantly improves image quality as compared to a standard reconstruction with a large FOV covering both legs. Key Points • In CT angiography of the lower legs, the side-separated reconstruction of each leg using a small field-of-views improves image quality as compared to a standard reconstruction covering both legs. • The side-separated reconstruction can be readily implemented at every commercially available CT scanner. • There is no need for additional hardware or software and no additional burden to the patient.


BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-ling Zhang ◽  
Ruo-cheng Li ◽  
Xiao-ling Zhang ◽  
Zhao-hui Zhang ◽  
Ling Ma ◽  
...  

Abstract Background To evaluate the effect of the single energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) algorithm with a multidetector CT (MDCT) for knee tumor prostheses. Methods First, a phantom of knee tumor prosthesis underwent a MDCT scan. The raw data was reconstructed by iterative reconstruction (IR) alone and IR plus SEMAR. The mean value of the CT number and the image noise were measured around the prosthesis at the stem level and articular level. Second, 95 consecutive patients with knee tumor prostheses underwent MDCT scans. The raw data were also reconstructed by the two methods. Periprosthetic structures were selected at the similar two levels. Four radiologists visually graded the image quality on a scale from 0 to 5. Additionally, the readers also assessed the presence of prosthetic complication and tumor recurrence on a same scale. Results In the phantom, when the SEMAR was used, the CT numbers were closer to normal value and the noise of images using soft and sharper kernel were respectively reduced by up to 77.1% and 43.4% at the stem level, and by up to 82.2% and 64.5% at the articular level. The subjective scores increased 1 ~ 3 points and 1 ~ 4 points at the two levels, respectively. Prosthetic complications and tumor recurrence were diagnosed in 66 patients. And the SEMAR increased the diagnostic confidence of prosthetic complications and tumor recurrence (4 ~ 5 vs. 1 ~ 1.5). Conclusions The SEMAR algorithm can significantly reduce the metal artifacts and increase diagnostic confidence of prosthetic complications and tumor recurrence in patients with knee tumor prostheses.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Nesma Ellithy ◽  
Eman Abdelkhalik ◽  
Hesham Farouk

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2936-2937
Author(s):  
Mehwish Tahir ◽  
Sadaf Iqbal ◽  
Maimoona Gulshan

Aim: Role of Doppler ultrasound in comparison with MDCT angiography in the assessment of lower limb Peripheral arterial disease. Methodology: This study was conducted in Radiology department of Shalamar Hospital Lahore. A total of 42 patients (31 males and 11 females) diagnosed with PAD by using both Doppler ultrasound and MDCTA were included. The data collected was entered, tabulated and statistically analyzed on IBM-SPSS 25.0 version. Results: A total of 336 arterial segments were assessed on both modalities. Duplex ultrasound detected 278 (83%) positive patent segments, 124(37%) segments showing atherosclerosis and 63(19%) segments with stenosis/thrombus, in comparison to MDCTA which was able to detect 221 (66%) patent vessels,153(46%) segments showing atherosclerosis and 114 (34%) segments showing thrombus/ stenosis. The results showed that the MDCTA was able to detect 15% more arterial segments with stenosis/ thrombus and 9% more segments with atherosclerotic plaques as compared to Doppler. Conclusion: Doppler ultrasound is the modality of choice in detecting grade 0 and 1 PAD while. MDCTA is more accurate in assessing patients with grade 2 and 3 PAD who need surgical intervention. Key Words: PAD, Duplex ultrasound, Multidetector CT Angiography


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