Limited edition: Producing artificial scarcity for digital art on the blockchain and its implications for the cultural industries

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 874-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel O’Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Digital Art ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
New Form ◽  
Limited Edition ◽  
Digital Assets

This article examines the use of the blockchain to create limited editions of digital art with a particular focus on the business models of two companies: Monegraph and Ascribe. For some, the development of blockchain technologies and smart contracts suggests an opportunity for artists to protect their work from misuse and expropriation. For others, it suggests the possibility of stronger forms of digital rights management, going forward, that may negatively impact digital culture. However, this article argues that the aim of limited editions on the blockchain is not usually to institute stronger restrictions over use or a new form of digital rights management but rather to create new kinds of tradable digital assets. In turn, this trend implies a different operation of intellectual property rights with respect to digital culture, one where alienation rather than exclusion is significant, and a different operation of scarcity with respect to digital cultural goods, where their free circulation is not necessarily antithetical to profit.

Online Music Distribution

2011 ◽  
pp. 325-363
Author(s):  
Francesco Spadoni
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Intellectual Property Protection ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
Content Retrieval ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
On Line ◽  
Music Distribution

This Chapter analyses multiple aspects of on-line music distribution, investigating the major problems, the different approaches and business models, considering the different points of view and perspectives, presenting the emerging technologies and Digital Rights Management standards, analysing issues for rights clearing, Intellectual Property protection, content retrieval and metadata management.

scholarly journals Why there is no iTunes for science papers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fenner
Keyword(s):  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Digital Assets

The iTunes Store was opened by Apple in 2003 to sell digital music and other digital assets. Since 2009 music purchased in the iTunes store is free of Digital Rights Management (DRM). Apple became the largest music vendor worldwide in 2010, ...

Digital Rights Management and E-Commerce Transactions

2009 ◽  
pp. 214-242
Author(s):  
Dimitrios P. Meidanis
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Rights Management

This chapter investigates intellectual property rights clearance of as part of e-commerce. Rights clearance is viewed as another online transaction that introduces certain technological and organizational challenges. An overview of the current intellectual property rights legislation is used to describe the setting in which business models and digital rights management systems are called to perform safe and fair electronic trade of goods. The chapter focuses on the technological aspects of the arising issues and investigates the potentials of using advanced information technology solutions for facilitating online rights clearance. A case study that presents a working online rights clearance and protection system is used to validate the applicability of the proposed approaches.

Locked Out

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Elkins
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Media Regulation ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
The World

“This content is not available in your country.” Media consumers around the world regularly run into this reminder of geography’s imprint on digital culture. Despite utopian hopes of a borderless digital society in an era of globalization, DVDs, video games, and streaming platforms include digital rights management mechanisms like region codes and IP address detection systems that block media access within certain territories. Although propped up by national and transnational intellectual property regulation, these technologies of “regional lockout” are designed primarily to keep the entertainment industries’ global markets distinct. Beyond this, they frustrate consumers around the world and place certain territories on a hierarchy of global media access. Drawing on extensive research of media-industry strategies, consumer and retailer practices, and media regulation, Locked Out explores regional lockout in DVDs, console video games, and streaming video and music platforms. The book argues that regional lockout has shaped global media culture over the past few decades in three interrelated ways: as technological regulation, media distribution, and geocultural discrimination. As a form of digital rights management, regional lockout builds in limitations on the affordances of digital software and hardware. As distribution, it seeks to ensure that digital technologies accommodate media industries’ traditional segmentation of markets. Finally, as a cultural system, regional lockout shapes and reflects long-standing global hierarchies of power and discrimination.

The Effect of Piracy and Digital Rights Management on Vertically Related Content Industries

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Sang Hoo Bae ◽  
Myungsup Kim ◽  
Kyeongwon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Price Hike ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Copy Protection ◽  
Ipr Protection

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate how digitalization affects vertically related content industries with the threat of piracy. We construct a model of vertical relationship where an upstream [a downstream] firm is considered as a content provider [a retailer]. Three business models are proposed depending on who has the right to implement digital rights management (DRM): a vertically-integrated entity, an upstream, and a downstream. First, we analyze how different modes of control on DRM affect the optimal prices and the level of copy protection. The results are dependent upon the different control modes of DRM and the degree of opportunistic behavior responding to increasing piracy costs. Second, we analyze the effect of two types of piracy depending on distribution channels (non-digital versus digital). Strengthening intellectual property rights (IPR) protection results in a price hike for both cases, while we have opposite changes in quantities depending on the types of piracy.

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