Shafts for daylighting underground spaces: sizing guidelines

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gugliermetti ◽  
S Grignaffini
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Light ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Special Procedure ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Light Shaft

This paper presents an experimental study on Daylight Factors (DFs) distribution in underground multi-level open spaces which use continuous light shafts to reduce energy consumption by the artificial lighting system and to improve the human acceptability of the spaces. Experimental measurements were carried out in a scale model, which could be assembled to provide different shapes and could be placed in an unobstructed site. The use of a real sky, which very seldom shows a fully overcast CIE luminance distribution, required the development of a special procedure to guarantee the accuracy of the experimental results. Level height, slab floor thickness, aspect ratio and glass covering of the light shaft were some of the parameters considered. Measured DFs were correlated by dimensionless parameters and reported in the form of charts which can be used to size the width of the shafts on the basis of the required illuminance and on the frequency distribution of the diffuse natural illuminance. An example of DFs calculation for an underground space is also reported.

scholarly journals A Supervisory Control Strategy for Improving Energy Efficiency of Artificial Lighting Systems in Greenhouses

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Gianluca Serale ◽  
Luca Gnoli ◽  
Emanuele Giraudo ◽  
Enrico Fabrizio
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Power Densities

Artificial lighting systems are used in commercial greenhouses to ensure year-round yields. Current Light Emitting Diode (LED) technologies improved the system efficiency. Nevertheless, having artificial lighting systems extended for hectares with power densities over 50W/m2 causes energy and power demand of greenhouses to be really significant. The present paper introduces an innovative supervisory and predictive control strategy to optimize the energy performance of the artificial lights of greenhouses. The controller has been implemented in a multi-span plastic greenhouse located in North Italy. The proposed control strategy has been tested on a greenhouse of 1 hectare with a lighting system with a nominal power density of 50 Wm−2 requiring an overall power supply of 1 MW for a period of 80 days. The results have been compared with the data coming from another greenhouse of 1 hectare in the same conditions implementing a state-of-the-art strategy for artificial lighting control. Results outlines that potential 19.4% cost savings are achievable. Moreover, the algorithm can be used to transform the greenhouse in a viable source of energy flexibility for grid reliability.

Lighting energy performance determination in office environments through implementation of EN 15193-1 for Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 147715352098742
Author(s):  
FŞ Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
System Control ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
The Impact

Office buildings are building typologies where efficient and optimal use of lighting energy is crucial while providing comfortable visual environments. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of diverse architectural design alternatives on lighting energy requirements and lighting energy saving possibilities through a case study. In this study, a total of 3888 design alternatives are investigated in a comparative way in terms of daylighting system design alternatives, artificial lighting system design scenarios, artificial lighting system control types and shading system control options. Introducing the adaptation process of the EN 15193-1:2017 standard for Turkey’s specific climatic and geographical conditions and considering diverse lighting design scenarios, results of this parametric study aim to underline the significance of architectural design strategies in office buildings for the reduction of lighting energy requirements.

scholarly journals Daylighting Performance of Solar Control Films for Hospital Buildings in a Mediterranean Climate

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Carmen Calama-González ◽  
Ángel León-Rodríguez ◽  
Rafael Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Controlled Rolling ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Solar Control ◽  
Hospital Building ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Cooling Loads ◽  
Radiation Cooling

One of the main retrofitting strategies in warm climates is the reduction of the effects of solar radiation. Cooling loads, and in turn, cooling consumption, can be reduced through the implementation of reflective materials such as solar control films. However, these devices may also negatively affect daylight illuminance conditions and the electric consumption of artificial lighting systems. In a hospital building, it is crucial to meet daylighting requirements as well as indoor illuminance levels and visibility from the inside, as these have a significant impact on health outcomes. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence on natural illuminance conditions of a solar control film installed on the windows of a public hospital building in a Mediterranean climate. To this end, a hospital room, with and without solar film, was monitored for a whole year. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the use of artificial lighting, illuminance levels and rolling shutter aperture levels, as well as an analysis of natural illuminance and electric consumption of the artificial lighting system. The addition of a solar control film to the external surface of the window, in combination with the user-controlled rolling shutter aperture levels, has reduced the electric consumption of the artificial lighting system by 12.2%. Likewise, the solar control film has increased the percentage of annual hours with natural illuminance levels by 100–300 lux.

CREATING THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS AND DRAWINGS FOR CNC MACHINES IN ARCHITECTURAL SCALE MODELLING

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Соснина ◽  
Olga Sosnina ◽  
Бирюкова ◽  
Alisa Biryukova
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Vision ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Cnc Machines ◽  
Industrial Project ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

When working at an architectural or industrial project, it is generally required to make its prototype or scale model, which would accurately replicate the structure designed. Scale modelling permits locating errors and inaccuracies; it enhances spatial vision and promotes architectural thinking. Scale modelling also reveals new features of architectural objects that have already been created. "Nizhny Novgorod Cableway" serves as an example of such objects. The article describes the technology for designing a scale model of the cableway, which demonstrates an updated lighting system on its supports.

The Dividing Area Control of Lighting System

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 587-591
Author(s):  
Qing Wei ◽  
Hong Yan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Energy Issues

The lighting system is an integral part of the whole building. Lighting control system is an important part of the lighting system and lighting design. As increasingly severe of the energy issues, energy saving has become one of the problems to be solved in the lighting control system. This paper takes a normally used office as an example. Control the blinds and the lamps in the office reasonably. On the premise of the full use of daylight, make the office achieve the most comfortable illumination by using artificial lighting supplies.

Performance prediction and design optimisation of an integrated light pipe and artificial lighting system

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 675-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantina Vasilakopoulou ◽  
Afroditi Synnefa ◽  
Dionisia Kolokotsa ◽  
Theoni Karlessi ◽  
Mattheos Santamouris
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Design Optimisation ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Light Pipe

Scale model testing and calibration of City of Ottawa sewer weirs

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bettez ◽  
R D Townsend ◽  
A Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Discharge Coefficients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Approach Velocity ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Measurement Location ◽  
The City

This paper reports the results of a laboratory study of the effects of (i) manhole proximity to installation site, (ii) pipe slope (i.e., approach velocity), (iii) upstream head measurement location, and (iv) submergence on the "hydraulics" of two types of sewer weirs used by the City of Ottawa. The City's streamlined form of broad-crested weir and its compound-shaped sharp-crested weir were initially calibrated for a "pipe straight"-arrangement (no upstream manhole is present) for a wide range of flow conditions at 0.2%, 0.4%, and 1.0% pipe slopes. The calibration tests were then repeated with the weirs positioned immediately downstream of a model manhole structure ("manhole"-arrangement). Corresponding data sets were compared to determine the effects of (i) approach velocity and (ii) manhole proximity (for two different shapes of manhole "benching") on the respective weir discharge coefficients.Key words: sewer weirs, broad-crested weir, compound sharp-crested weir, calibration, sewer benching, discharge coefficients.

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