Vaccination programs for children aged up to 18 years in Europe, 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110552
Author(s):  
Evgnosia Effraimidou ◽  
Dimitrios C Cassimos ◽  
Snezana Medic ◽  
Maria Topalidou ◽  
Maria Theodoridou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Pediatric Vaccination

Although all European countries have vaccination policies for children, there are no comprehensive studies of pediatric vaccination programs in Europe. We studied vaccination programs for children in Europe. Vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, measles, mumps, rubella, and influenza existed in 42 countries, against human papilloma virus in 41 countries, and against pneumococcus in 40 countries. In addition, the following vaccinations existed: against tuberculosis (35 countries), hepatitis A (33), meningococcus A, C, W, Y (30), rotavirus and varicella (28 countries each), meningococcus B (24), tick-born encephalitis (22), and meningococcus C (16). Mandatory vaccinations are implemented in 21 countries, mainly against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, H. influenzae type b, hepatitis B, measles, mumps, rubella, tuberculosis, and pneumococcus. There are significant differences among pediatric vaccination programs in Europe regarding number, schedules, indications, and regulatory frame (recommended or mandatory vaccinations). A consensus-based vaccination program for all children is needed.

scholarly journals Vaccination Programs for Adults in Europe, 2019

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios C. Cassimos ◽  
Evgnosia Effraimidou ◽  
Snezana Medic ◽  
Theoharis Konstantinidis ◽  
Maria Theodoridou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Target Populations

Background: While all European countries implement vaccination programs for children, there are gaps in terms of vaccination programs for adults. Methods: We studied the 2019 vaccination policies for adults in 42 European countries. Results: Vaccination programs for adults were in place in all countries. However, there were considerable differences between countries in terms of number of vaccinations, target populations and frame of implementation (recommended or mandatory vaccinations). In particular the following vaccination policies were in place: influenza (42 countries), tetanus (31), diphtheria (30), pneumococcus (29), hepatitis B (20), pertussis (18), measles (14), human papilloma virus (14), meningococcus tetravalent A,C,W,Y (14), rubella (13), hepatitis A (11), mumps (11), poliomyelitis (10), herpes zoster (9), varicella (8), tick-born encephalitis (8), meningococcus B (6), rabies (6), Haemophilus influenzae type b (5), tuberculosis (3), typhoid fever (3), meningococcus C (2), and yellow fever (1). Seventeen countries implement mandatory vaccinations, mainly against diphtheria, tetanus and hepatitis B. Conclusions: There are significant differences in vaccination programs for adults in Europe. Routine vaccination programs for adults need to be strengthened. A consensus-based vaccination program is needed.

Day Care for Sick Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-446
Author(s):  
GEORGE G. STERNE
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Sick Children

Children in day care, like their home-reared peers, frequently become ill. Whether they are sick more frequently than those not in day care has been a question difficult to resolve because of the problem of appropriate control studies. Many pediatricians are convinced that this is so. There are data that infections due to certain specific agents including hepatitis A, Haemophilus influenzae type B, and Giardia lamblia occur more often in day-care center attendees. Clinical entities such as diarrhea, meningitis, and otitis media have also been shown to be more common in day-care center attendees. A recent review in Pediatrics1 provides a good overview of the problem.

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