No country for old gay men: Age and sexuality category intersection renders older gay men invisible

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022098760
Author(s):  
Andrea Carnaghi ◽  
Patrice Rusconi ◽  
Mauro Bianchi ◽  
Fabio Fasoli ◽  
Rosandra Coladonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Older Gay Men ◽  
Young Gay Men

Four studies analyzed how sexual orientation (heterosexual vs. gay) and age categories (young vs. elderly) referring to men are cognitively combined. In Study 1, young gay men were judged as more prototypical of gay men than adult or elderly gay men, while young, adult, and elderly heterosexual men were perceived as equally prototypical of heterosexual men. In Study 2, gay men were stereotyped more by young rather than elderly stereotypical traits, while heterosexual men were not stereotyped in terms of age. In Study 3, elderly men were stereotyped more by heterosexual than gay-stereotypical traits, while young men were not stereotyped in terms of sexual orientation. In Study 4, gay men were judged to be young rather than elderly, while elderly men were judged to be heterosexual rather than gay. Overall, elderly gay men were overlooked when processing their constituent categories, “gay” and “elderly” men. Implications for models of intersectionality are discussed.

Desire for Unprotected Intercourse Preceding its Occurrence: The Case of Young Gay Men with an Anonymous Partner

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Gold ◽  
M J Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Intercourse ◽  
Older Gay Men ◽  
Young Gay Men ◽  
Non Destructive

One sample of young gay men ( n = 219) and 3 samples of older gay men ( n = 219, n = 207, and n = 88) recalled a sexual encounter in which they had engaged in unprotected anal intercourse. Throughout the evening of the encounter, desire specifically for unprotected intercourse had generally been less common the more distant the relationship with the partner. Young men having sex with an anonymous partner were an exception to this pattern, however: they had desired unprotected intercourse almost as commonly as had young men having sex with a lover. The extent to which unprotected intercourse is premeditated in young men with an anonymous partner may make it particularly hard to modify their behaviour. This group had also been in an especially negative mood state at the start of the evening, suggesting the importance of trying to inculcate non-destructive ways of dealing with negative mood states.

Sexual orientation and wage discrimination: evidence from Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-648
Author(s):  
Alison Preston ◽  
Elisa Birch ◽  
Andrew R. Timming
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Bisexual Women ◽  
Wage Gaps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Highly Skilled

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to document the wage effects associated with sexual orientation and to examine whether the wage gap has improved following recent institutional changes which favour sexual minorities. Design/methodology/approach Ordinary least squares and quantile regressions are estimated using Australian data for 2010–2012 and 2015–2017, with the analysis disaggregated by sector of employment. Blinder–Oaxaca decompositions are used to quantify unexplained wage gaps. Findings Relative to heterosexual men, in 2015–2017 gay men in the public and private sectors had wages which were equivalent to heterosexual men at all points in the wage distribution. In the private sector: highly skilled lesbians experienced a wage penalty of 13 per cent; low-skilled bisexual women faced a penalty of 11 per cent, as did bisexual men at the median (8 per cent penalty). In the public sector low-skilled lesbians and low-skilled bisexual women significant experienced wage premiums. Between 2010–2012 and 2015–2017 the pay position of highly skilled gay men has significantly improved with the convergence driven by favourable wage (rather than composition) effects. Practical implications The results provide important benchmarks against which the treatment of sexual minorities may be monitored. Originality/value The analysis of the sexual minority wage gaps by sector and position on the wage distribution and insight into the effect of institutions on the wages of sexual minorities.

Body Image and Emotional Well Being Among Gay and Heterosexual Religious Young Men

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-224
Author(s):  
Shraga Fisherman
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Orthodox Jewish ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Modern Orthodox

This chapter attempts to create a close-up picture of the society of Orthodox Jewish men in regard to their levels of religiosity and sexual identity. The author examines BI, emotional wellbeing, and the connection between them, among three groups of religious Israeli young men: Modern Orthodox (MO) heterosexual men, Modern Orthodox gay men (MOG), and ultra-Orthodox heterosexual men (UO). The findings pose an extremely important challenge to educators in Israel. The young men answered two questionnaires: SWLS and the Body Image Questionnaire. The BI and wellbeing scores for the MOGs were significantly lower than for the MOs and UO. The correlations between BI and wellbeing were different in each group: there was no significant correlation among the MO, among the MOGs there was a negative, medium, and significant correlation, and among the UO there was a positive, high, and significant correlation. These differences were explained by social and educational trends.

Sexuality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asifa Siraj
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Separate Entity ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Race Ethnicity

This chapter explores how three Scottish Muslim gay men struggle to integrate their sexual and religious identities as they navigate their sexual orientation within an existing condemnatory religious, social and cultural context. The present study illuminates the heterogeneity and diversity of experiences within the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) population. It further raises the importance of providing a nuanced portrayal of the lives of men, who do not necessarily incorporate Western discourses into making sense of their identity as gay men (Rahman, 2015). The chapter begins by highlighting the very limited research carried out on the lives of gay people in Scotland. This is followed by an overview of the theory of intersectionality in order to understand and situate how sexuality is not a separate entity of one’s identity, but is interconnected to other parts. Adopting an intersectional framework allows us to appreciate how gay men experience different forms of oppression in relation to their race/ethnicity and sexuality in ways that are distinct from their White counterparts and/or heterosexual men (cf. Crenshaw,1996).

scholarly journals Butch Tops and Femme Bottoms? Sexual Positioning, Sexual Decision Making, and Gender Roles Among Young Gay Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Marie Johns ◽  
Emily Pingel ◽  
Anna Eisenberg ◽  
Matthew Leslie Santana ◽  
José Bauermeister
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Sexual Decision Making ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Young Gay Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

Gender and power are theoretical constructs linked to discussions of sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS among heterosexual couples. Despite the fact that HIV rates are rising among young men who have sex with men in the United States, work examining the role of gender in sexual decision making of young men who have sex with men remains in its infancy. Through qualitative interviews with 34 young gay men (YGM), the authors seek to contribute to the literature in this area by focusing on the ways that YGM understand and enact sexual positions during anal sex. The authors’ results highlight the diversity of YGM’s sexual preferences, as well as the high degree of sexual fluidity. Ideas of gender appear to inform part of this process; however, YGM critiqued conventional gender norms and emphasized the centrality of relationships (i.e., casual vs. romantic) in their sexual decision making. The authors discuss the importance of considering gender and interpersonal factors when designing HIV/AIDS prevention messages for YGM.

scholarly journals THE HOMOSEXUAL LIFESTYLE: TIME USE IN SAME-SEX HOUSEHOLDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Martell ◽  
Leanne Roncolato
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Household Labor ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Use Patterns

AbstractWe are among the first to use American time-use data to investigate non-market behavior in gay and lesbian households. We contribute to a literature that has documented a gay disadvantage and lesbian advantage in the labor market. Many have proposed that this pattern reflects, relative to their heterosexual counterparts, higher levels of household labor among gay men and lower levels of household labor among lesbian women. Results show that gay men, parents in particular, spend more time in household production than heterosexual men. We find evidence of different time-use patterns for lesbians, but they are driven by characteristics not sexual orientation. These results also contribute to the economics of the household showing that time use in same-sex households with weaker gender constructs does not conform to the predictions of models that highlight comparative advantage as a source of specialization.

Gender, sexual orientation and body dissatisfaction: a meta-analysis covering four decades of research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Huerga Malillos ◽  
Elena Theofanous ◽  
Keith R. Laws ◽  
Paul Jenkinson
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Four decades of research has assessed how gender and/or sexual orientation contribute to levels of body dissatisfaction (BD). The findings have proven somewhat equivocal and little attention has been paid to potential moderators. Method: The current meta-analysis compared BD in gay and heterosexual men (38 overall effects), and lesbian and heterosexual women (25 overall effects). Additional pairwise comparisons explored differences between heterosexual men and heterosexual women, gay men and lesbians, gay men and heterosexual women, and heterosexual men and lesbian women. Results: Random effects model meta-analyses revealed greater levels of BD in gay men compared to heterosexual men (g = -0.36, 95% CI -0.43, -0.29). By contrast, BD was greater in heterosexual women than lesbians (g = 0.09 95% CI 0.03, 0.15). Year of publication and mean difference in age between gay and heterosexual samples moderated the relationship between BD and sexual orientation, but only for men. Pairwise comparisons indicated that BD is highest in heterosexual women and lowest in heterosexual men.Conclusions: Findings indicate that both gender and sexual orientation influence BD. We identified a number of limitations in the existing research base, and make recommendations for future research.

Formation of homosexual orientation of men in adolescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Katra
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Homosexual Orientation ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
Interview Questionnaire

Abstract The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of homosexual men connected with the formation of their sexual orientation in adolescence. A comparative study of 27 young adult homosexual men and 28 heterosexual men of similar age used a categorised interview questionnaire consisting of two parts: the first with questions regarding sexual dreams, fantasies and erotic encounters; the second with questions on family and social circumstances. The study yielded an abundance of interesting data on the psychological circumstances of homosexual men during the formation of sexual orientation and its awareness as well as differences and similarities in that area between homosexual and heterosexual men. For instance, it revealed experience patterns concerning the formation of sexual identity and personal attitudes toward one’s sexual orientation characteristic of homosexual persons. The study verified the main hypothesis that mental-internal experiences precede behavioural-external ones both in homosexual and heterosexual persons.

scholarly journals Sexual Orientation and Job Satisfaction: Survey-Based Evidence from Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Aldén ◽  
Mats Hammarstedt ◽  
Hanna Swahnberg
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Gay Males ◽  
Career Plans ◽  
Job Satisfaction Survey ◽  
Heterosexual Women

AbstractWe present results from a unique nationwide survey conducted in Sweden on sexual orientation and job satisfaction. Our results show that gay men are more likely to be very satisfied with their job than heterosexual men, both in general and with different aspects of the job. In contrast, lesbians appear less satisfied with their job in general and with promotion prospects than heterosexual women. Among women, we find no differences in the probability of being very satisfied with the job by sexual orientation. However, the issue of sexual orientation and job satisfaction is complex since gay men, despite that they more often are very satisfied with the job, like lesbians find their job more mentally straining than heterosexuals. We conclude that gay men and lesbians are facing other stressers at work than heterosexuals do. We also conclude that the worker’s own expectations about the job and possibilities to fulfill career plans may be possible driving forces to our results. Previous research has documented discrimination against gay males and lesbians in hiring. Our results underline that measures to prevent discrimination in hiring is not enough to create an equal working life for homosexuals and heterosexuals. Measures within the workplace are also needed.

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