Deliberate corrosive substance attacks – A systematic review

Trauma ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
S Moffatt ◽  
P Rhimes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Geographical Locations

Introduction Deliberate corrosive substance attacks (DCSA) have traditionally been associated with low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, the incidence of DCSA in certain geographical locations of the UK has increased in recent years. These attacks have a relatively low mortality rate but cause extensive life-changing injuries and the management from point of wounding to definitive care is challenging for all involved. Methods A systematic review was used to identify literature about DCSA and establish how much evidence about these attacks has been published over the last decade. Victim and perpetrator characteristics, substances used, injury patterns, mortality, pre-hospital and hospital-based management and complications associated with management were areas of interest. The review included any medical literature (case reports, letters, reviews) published within the last 10 years that described DCSA against human victims. Non-English language articles were excluded. Results Eighteen articles containing 762 victims of DCSA were included; seven victims had incomplete data. Articles were mostly from LMIC (Bangladesh, Columbia, Cambodia, India, Iran, Sri Lanka and Pakistan) but there were five articles were from the UK (three ‘Letters to Editors’, one survivor letter and one retrospective review of 21 victims). UK victim and perpetrator characteristics varied from those in LMIC. Seven papers described pre-hospital management and nine described hospital/surgical management. Conclusions The evidence base surrounding DCSA is limited especially in the UK setting. More research into the epidemiology and management of DCSA in the UK is warranted.

scholarly journals Theatres without borders: a systematic review of the use of intraoperative telemedicine in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjinnov-2021-000837
Author(s):  
Hariharan Subbiah Ponniah ◽  
Viraj Shah ◽  
Arian Arjomandi Rad ◽  
Robert Vardanyan ◽  
George Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries

ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to provide a summary of the use of real-time telementoring, telesurgical consultation and telesurgery in surgical procedures in patients in low/middle-income countries (LMICs).DesignA systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and the Cochrane Collaboration published guidelines.Data sourcesEMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for original articles and case reports that discussed telementoring, telesurgery or telesurgical consultation in countries defined as low-income or middle-income (as per the World Banks’s 2021–2022 classifications) from inception to August 2021.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesAll original articles and case reports were included if they reported the use of telemedicine, telesurgery or telesurgical consultation in procedures conducted on patients in LMICs.ResultsThere were 12 studies which discussed the use of telementoring in 55 patients in LMICs and included a variety of surgical specialities. There was one study that discussed the use of telesurgical consultation in 15 patients in LMICs and one study that discussed the use of telesurgery in one patient.ConclusionThe presence of intraoperative telemedicine in LMICs represents a principal move towards improving access to specialist surgical care for patients in resource-poor settings. Not only do several studies demonstrate that it facilitates training and educational opportunities, but it remains a relatively frugal and efficient method of doing so, through empowering local surgeons in LMICs towards offering optimal care while remaining in their respective communities.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Burnout Among Healthcare Workers During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulmaz Ghahramani ◽  
Kamran Bagheri Lankarani ◽  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Keyvan Heydari ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Burnout among healthcare personnel has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic's unique features. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide a complete assessment of the prevalence of burnout across various healthcare personnel. Until January 2021, systematic searches for English language papers were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. Thirty observational studies were found after conducting systematic searches. The pooled overall prevalence of burnout was 52% [95% confidence interval (CI) 40–63%]. Pooled emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and lack of personal accomplishment (PA) were 51% (95% CI 42–61%), 52% (95% CI 39–65%), and 28% (95% CI 25–31%), respectively. This study demonstrated that nearly half of the healthcare workers experienced burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the studies that were included, non-frontline COVID-19 exposed healthcare personnel also experienced burnout. From high to lower middle-income countries, there was a gradient in the prevalence of total burnout, EE, and lack of PA. Further studies on burnout in low and lower-middle-income countries are suggested. A uniform diagnostic tool for the assessment of burnout is warranted.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Modern Case Series of Squamous Cell Cancer Arising in a Chronic Ulcer (Marjolin's Ulcer) of the Skin

2020 ◽  
pp. 809-818
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Abdi ◽  
Michael Yan ◽  
Timothy P. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Marjolin’S Ulcer

PURPOSE Marjolin's ulcer is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy that arises in chronic nonhealing wounds. A review of modern series describing Marjolin's ulcer would be helpful in defining optimal management strategies and expected outcomes. METHODS A systematic review was performed on October 18, 2018, by querying Medline and EMBASE. Key inclusion criteria were as follows: human studies, English language, published in 2000 or later, > 10 patients, and at least 80% of the patients having squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histology. RESULTS There were 599 patients in 14 case series from 10 countries; 82% of patients were from low-income and middle-income countries, and 48% were women. Overall, 65% of the ulcers were preceded by burns. Mean latency ranged from 11 years to 41 years (median, 28 years). Lower extremities were the most common site (62%). Differentiation was reported as well differentiated (64%), moderately differentiated (27%), or poorly differentiated (9%). Almost one third of cases were clinically node positive, though only 7% of all cases (24 of 334) were confirmed to be pathologically involved. Distant metastasis rates were reported in only 7 series, with median rate of 5% (range, 0%-27%). The main treatment modality was surgical excision (71%), followed by amputation (24%), primary radiotherapy (2%), and chemotherapy (< 1%). Outcomes data varied in content and quality. Mortality rates were 12%, 24%, and 37% in the three series reporting between 2 and 3 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION Marjolin's ulcer with SCC histology is an aggressive cancer with a notable potential for lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Comprehensive staging is recommended, with management optimally having a multidisciplinary context. Low- and middle-income countries are overrepresented in reports of Marjolin’s ulcer, and there may be opportunities for prevention and early detection.

scholarly journals Association Between Vision Impairment And Traffic Safety Outcomes In Low And Middle-Income Countries: Protocol For A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mapa Mudiyanselage Prabhath Nishantha Piyasena ◽  
Mike Clarke ◽  
Greame MacKenzie ◽  
Ving Fai Chan ◽  
Victoria Odette Olvera-Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Safety Outcomes ◽  
Vision Function ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background: Road traffic injuries are a major public health concern. The burden and road traffic fatality rate are especially high in low-and middle-income countries and the socioeconomic impact is profound. Although many authors have studied the correlation between vision and traffic safety, there is no robust evidence base that could be used in advocacy. This systematic review will test the hypothesis that interventions to improve vision function are associated with good traffic safety outcomes.Methods: Cochrane guidance on conducting a systematic review and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - Protocols (PRISMA-P) were used to inform the preparation of this protocol and the Cochrane guidance and the main PRISMA guidance will inform the conduct and reporting of the review. We will search MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO host), Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library. We will include studies of any design which either attempt to access traffic safety outcomes of any kind among persons with any vision deficit or examine vision among persons who use roads. The primary outcome for this review is any measure of traffic safety or surrogate outcomes. Study selection, data extraction and evaluation of risk of bias will be done by two reviewers. A meta-analysis or narrative data synthesis will be conducted, depending on study quality and homogeneity.Discussion: The results of this review will include summary estimates of vision and the effects of interventions to improve vision function, that are associated with traffic safety outcomes in LMICs. This systematic review will fill a gap in the evidence base with policy implications that will be useful for a wide audience and may improve vision of the drivers in LMICs, leading to better traffic safety outcomes.

Reticular erythematous mucinosis: Literature review and case report of a 24-year-old patient with systemic erythematosus lupus

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 096120332096570
Author(s):  
Juliana P Ocanha-Xavier ◽  
Camila O Cola-Senra ◽  
Jose Candido C Xavier-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Inflammatory Skin

Reticular erythematous mucinosis (REM) was first described 50 years ago, but only around 100 case reports in English have been published. Its relation with other inflammatory skin disorders is still being debated. We report a case of REM, including the clinical and histopathological findings. Also, a systematic review of 94 English-language reported cases is provided. The described criteria for clinical and histopathological diagnosis are highlighted in order to REM can be confidently diagnosed.

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