A Model of Human Reaction Time to Dangerous Robot Arm Movements

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Helander ◽  
Mark H. Karwan ◽  
John Etherton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Robot Arm ◽  
Total Reaction ◽  
Human Reaction ◽  
Arm Motion ◽  
Human Reaction Time ◽  
Total Reaction Time

An increasing number of studies indicate that robots are the most hazardous equipment in industry. The very virtue that makes them attractive for industrial work, the programmable arm, is the cause of accidents since the arm motion is often difficult to perceive. The present paper presents a model of human reaction time and emergency behavior. The total reaction time is the sum of three elements: perception, decision making and motor response. Each of these three elements are modeled using concepts such as perceptual discriminability and single detection theory. Finally the results of an experiment is presented where the human reaction time is modeled as a function of robot arm speed.

A model of human reaction time to dangerous robot arm movements

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-338
Author(s):  
M.G. Helander ◽  
M.H. Karwan ◽  
J. Etherton
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Robot Arm ◽  
Human Reaction ◽  
Human Reaction Time

Effects of Aircraft Motion on Passengers' Comfort Ratings and Response Times

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Rinalducci
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Large Body ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Human Reaction ◽  
Aircraft Motion ◽  
Human Reaction Time

Comfort ratings and response times for changes in the experienced level of comfort were examined in 20 subjects using the NASA Flight Research Center's Jetstar aircraft modified to carry the GPAS system (General Purpose Airborne Simulator). Data were obtained for each of the subjects during two runs of 10 1-min. flight segments. In general, as the magnitude of aircraft motion increased in either the vertical or transverse (lateral) directions, there was an increase in feelings of discomfort and a decrease in response times to those changes. These results suggest parallels between the large body of laboratory data on human reaction time and that collected in this field study on response times to changes in ride comfort.

scholarly journals Total Reaction Time Performance of Individuals with Autism after a Virtual Reality Task

2015 ◽  
Vol 02 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafne Herrero ◽  
Tânia Brusque Crocetta ◽  
Thais Massetti ◽  
Íbis Ariana Pena de Moraes ◽  
Isabela Lopes Trevizan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Total Reaction ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Reaction Time Performance ◽  
Total Reaction Time

Determination Of Reaction Time Changes Per Time Unit In Clot Assays

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lj Popović
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Standard Sample ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Total Reaction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Total Reaction Time

Changes in reaction time of clot assays are usually expressed only in time units, which fails to indicate the extent of the increase or decrease of the reaction time of the tested specimens against that of the basic sample. Reaction time increases of, e.g. , 6 seconds in tested samples, compared to basic sample reaction times of 12 and 24 seconds respectively, signify an increase twice as large in the first as in the second instance.Changes in reaction time of clot assays can be expressed as the increment or decrement of the reaction time per time unit. This amount of increase or decrease (positive or negative alteration of reaction time, T a ) can be expressed as the quotient of the difference between the reaction times of the tested (T x ) and basic (To) samples and of the basic sample, e.g. in seconds per second, T a =T x -To/To. A test sample reaction time 6 seconds longer than basic sample reaction times of 12 and 2k seconds would mean an increase of 0.5 and 0.25 seconds per second, respectively.Reaction time changes of tested samples against that of the standard sample (T std ) can be calculated in a similar way, T a =T x -T std /T std .It can be assumed that this parameter reflects the intensity of the increase or decrease of reaction time per time unit. The quotient of the tested and basic samples can be considered as the coefficient of the increase or decrease of the total reaction time (CT=T x /To).

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