P3a and P3b Auditory ERPs in HIV Patients Receiving Anti-Viral Medication

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Polich ◽  
Surina Basho
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Target Stimulus ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
System Function ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Auditory Erps

The effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on central nervous system function were studied with the P3a and P3b event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in patients with HIV compared to unaffected matched controls (n=14/group). All patients were on anti-viral medication for at least 2 months before testing. Auditory stimuli were employed in an easy 2-stimulus oddball discrimination task to obtain a typical P3b (P300) subcomponent. A 3-stimulus distractor paradigm also was employed in which the target/standard discrimination was very difficult, and an infrequent high-pitched tone non-target was presented to elicit the P3a subcomponent. Subjects responded only to the target stimulus in each task. P3a amplitude was significantly smaller for HIV compared to control subjects. No reliable P3b effects were obtained. The findings suggest that P3a rather than P3b may be a more sensitive measure of cognitive impairment in HIV patients on anti-viral medication.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of depression and mechanisms of treatment

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
System Function ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Monoaminergic System ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Multiple Interactions

Major depression is a serious disorder of enormous sociological and clinical relevance. The discovery of antidepressant drugs in the 1950s led to the first biochemical hypothesis of depression, which suggested that an impairment in central monoaminergic function was the major lesion underlying the disorder. Basic research in all fields of neuroscience (including genetics) and the discovery of new antidepressant drugs have revolutionized our understanding of the mechanisms underlying depression and drug action. There is no doubt that the monoaminergic system is one of the cornerstones of these mechanisms, but multiple interactions with other brain systems and the regulation of central nervous system function must also be taken into account In spite of all the progress achieved so far, we must be aware that many open questions remain to be resolved in the future.

Central Nervous System Function in Dialysis Patients: A Practical Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen R. Nissenson ◽  
James T. Marsh ◽  
Warren S. Brown ◽  
Deane L. Wolcott
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
System Function ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function
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