Repeat Victimization Among Intimate Partner Violence Victims: The Impact of Guardianship

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany E. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
The Impact

Despite progress in the application of routine activity theory to violence against women, much remains unknown about guardianship. The current study examined if presence of a capable adult guardian limited the risk of revictimization by an intimate partner, controlling for social support ( N = 497). Analyses tested differential impacts of guardians by examining if the presence of the victim’s friends/family, abuser’s friends/family, and/or bystander during the earliest reported physical abuse incident or threat of abuse affected likelihood of revictimization within a year. Odds of revictimization decreased by 60% when the earliest reported physical abuse incident or threat of abuse occurred in the presence of the respondent’s friends/family. Implications for practices and research suggestions are discussed.

Mental Health Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in El Salvador

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122097880
Author(s):  
Laura Navarro-Mantas ◽  
Soledad de Lemus ◽  
Jesús L. Megías
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Violence against women (VAW) is currently one of the main problems in El Salvador, which leads the ranking of femicides in the world. We conducted the first national survey on VAW in El Salvador following the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology, to determine the impact of violence on women’s mental health ( N = 1,274). Women who had experienced intimate partner violence showed significantly poorer mental health and more suicidal ideations. Common mental disorders were significantly associated with the experience of all forms of violence, after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and stressful life experiences. The results are discussed in connection with the primary care protocols and the design of public policies.

Intimate Partner Violence and Use of Primary and Emergency Care: The Role of Informal Social Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Nicole Geovana Dias ◽  
Ana Isabel Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Henriques ◽  
Joaquim Soares ◽  
Eleni Hatzidimitriadou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Informal Social Support

Abstract Social support may encourage victims to disclose their experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV), but also to seek the appropriate help and care in the social and health services. Using data from a multicenter European project, DOVE (Domestic Violence Against women/men in Europe—prevalence, determinants, effects, and policies/practices), the present study aimed at measuring the frequency of primary care and emergency use according to IPV types of victimization, and to investigate whether victims receiving different levels of informal social support are using health care differently. Results suggested a significant association between IPV types and use of emergency services, and no association was found regarding primary care services. Victims of physical abuse and sexual coercion went to the emergency department (ED) more frequently (more than once a year). Also, victims of physical abuse receiving low social support visited an ED more frequently than those with high social support, whereas victims of sexual coercion with high informal social support went more often to the ED compared with victims of sexual coercion with low social support, even after controlling for other covariates. These results seem to suggest that social support has a significant role in the decision to use health care among victims of IPV.

The Effect of Self-Efficacy on the Association Between Social Support and Relationship Alternatives Among Female Intimate Partner Violence Victims

Partner Abuse ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-296
Author(s):  
Vanessa Tirone ◽  
Ryan C. Shorey ◽  
Alison M. Nathanson ◽  
Deborah L. Rhatigan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the meditational effect of self-efficacy on the relation between enacted social support and perceived quality of relationship alternatives among an economically disadvantaged community sample of 101 female intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. Three types of support—directive guidance, nondirective guidance, and positive social exchange—were positively associated with self-efficacy. In each case, the effect of enacted social support on perceived quality of relationship alternatives was fully mediated by women’s self-efficacy. Support in the form of tangible assistance was unrelated to women’s self-efficacy. Above and beyond the impact of each type of social support, non-White ethnicity and frequency of physical violence were negatively associated with self-efficacy. However, race and violence frequency did not impact the mediational effect of self-efficacy. These findings support the inclusion of women’s support networks in advocacy and therapeutic work with IPV survivors.

The Association of Partner Abuse Types and Suicidal Ideation Among Men and Women College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Wolford-Clevenger ◽  
Noelle C. Vann ◽  
Phillip N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Women Clinicians

Despite the well-documented relations between intimate partner violence and suicidal ideation, gender differences regarding the relationships between intimate partner violence types and suicidal ideation are less understood. In addition, few studies have examined the risk that harassment may confer for suicidal ideation in the context of intimate partner violence. This study examined gender differences in the associations of harassment, emotional, and physical intimate partner violence with suicidal ideation in 502 college students, while controlling for the influence of depressive symptoms. Results indicated that physical abuse, but not harassment or emotional abuse, was associated with increased suicidal ideation in men. In contrast, emotional abuse, but not physical abuse or harassment, was associated with increased suicidal ideation in women. Clinicians should consider potential gender differences in the impact of intimate partner violence on suicidal ideation when assessing suicide risk.

scholarly journals A cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the impact of a gender transformative intervention on intimate partner violence against women in newly formed neighbourhood groups in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e004555
Author(s):  
Sheila Harvey ◽  
Tanya Abramsky ◽  
Gerry Mshana ◽  
Christian Holm Hansen ◽  
Grace J Mtolela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionViolence against women is a global public health concern; around a quarter of women will experience intimate partner physical or sexual violence during their lifetime. We assessed the impact of a gender transformative intervention for women designed to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV).MethodsWe conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial in Mwanza city, Tanzania, among women in newly formed neighbourhood groups to evaluate a 10-session participatory intervention that aims to empower women, prevent IPV and promote healthy relationships. Following a baseline interview, groups were randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) to the intervention or control arm. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted to assess the impact of the intervention on the main outcomes, assessed 24 months postintervention. These included past-year physical IPV and sexual IPV (primary); past-year emotional abuse; and acceptability and tolerance of IPV.ResultsBetween September 2015 and February 2017, 1265 women were recruited in 66 neighbourhoods and randomly allocated to intervention (n=627 women in 33 neighbourhoods) or control (n=638 women in 33 neighbourhoods). Assessment of outcomes was completed for 551 (88%) intervention and 575 (90%) control women. Among intervention women, 113 (21%) reported physical IPV compared with 117 (20%) control women (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.33, p=0.892), and 109 (20%) intervention women reported sexual IPV compared with 121 (21%) control women (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.32, p=0.881). Intervention women reported less emotional abuse (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.98, p=0.035), and were less likely to express attitudes accepting of IPV (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.66, p<0.001), and beliefs that IPV is a private matter (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.78, p=0.001), or should be tolerated (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.66, p<0.001).ConclusionThese results indicate that the intervention was effective in reducing emotional abuse and positively impacting attitudes and beliefs condoning IPV, but was not sufficient to reduce physical or sexual IPV.Trial registration numberNCT02592252.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences Combined with Emotional and Physical Abuse by the Partner Predict Antenatal Depression.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Abe ◽  
Wandee Sirichokchatchawan ◽  
Ussanee Sangkomkamhang ◽  
Sirina Satthapisit ◽  
Michael Maes
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Background: Few studies examined the contributions of childhood adversities, intimate partner violence and social support to antenatal depression (AD). This study aims to 1) evaluate association of these psychosocial factors with AD symptoms in early pregnancy; and 2) examine the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between psychosocial stressors and AD symptoms.Methods: Participants were 120 pregnant women aged from 18 to 49 in less than 16 gestational weeks and attending at Antenatal Care Center at Khon Kaen hospital, Thailand. AD symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Childhood adversities, intimate partner violence and social support were measured using the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE questionnaire), Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: We found that the EPDS score was significantly and positively associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and negatively with social support. Partial Least Square analysis showed that 49.1% of the variance in the depressive subdomain of the EPDS score was predicted by ACEs, namely psychological and physical abuse and neglect, emotional or physical abuse by the partner, unplanned pregnancy, and no satisfaction with their relationship. The effects of adverse childhood experience due to neglect on the EDPS score was mediated by social support by friends. Limitations: ACEs were assessed retrospectively and, therefore, may be susceptible to recall bias.Conclusion: Prenatal depression scores are to a large extent predicted by psychological distress as indicated by early lifetime trauma, abuse by partner, relation satisfaction, and implications of unintended pregnancy.

Coercive Control and Its Impact on Intimate Partner Violence Through the Lens of an EU-Wide Survey on Violence Against Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1792-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Nevala
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Research on intimate partner violence has suggested that not all violence is the same. This article builds upon earlier research on coercive control—or intimate terrorism—and examines the experiences of women who can be assessed as having experienced coercive controlling violence both in terms of the types of violent incidents they experience and the impact and consequences of the most serious incident of violence by an intimate partner. The article explores differences across the 28 European Union (EU) Member States in terms of coercive control and type of violence used. The results—based on data from the first EU–wide survey on violence against women by the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights—are further considered in terms of their association with gender equality. The results show that, in the EU, violence against women perpetrated under coercive control differs from other forms of violence as it involves more serious forms of violence and has a bigger impact in terms of its varied consequences. Countries where women indicated lower levels of coercive control are shown as scoring higher on a measure of gender equality, in contrast with earlier interpretations of the survey findings concerning the relationship between survey measures of physical and/or sexual violence and gender equality. The analysis supports the need to differentiate between various types of intimate partner violence against women—including violence under coercive control—in the European context, both in terms of research to better understand violence and for interventions to prevent violence.

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