scholarly journals Draw(Me) and Tell: Use of Children’s Drawings as Elicitation Tools to Explore Embodiment in the Very Young

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 160940691881623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian M. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Relational Ethics ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Body Shapes

Qualitative research with children as participants is challenging on many levels—ethical, methodological, and relational. When researching the experience of children with particular bodily vulnerabilities, these issues are further amplified. This article describes a data generating tool designed to address these challenges. It was used within the context of an ethnographic study exploring relational societal processes associated with childhood obesity in Malta. This creative child-centric method uses “me” drawings as elicitation foci during informal conversations in the field where the agentic status of the child was prioritized and their role as active collaborators emphasized. Optimizing ethical symmetry was a key concern, as was emphasis on relational ethics and assent. Using the “Draw(Me) and Tell” activity positioned the child in a realistic position of power by giving them control over the data generation process, and helped address ethical issues related to agency, privacy, and sensitivity. It allowed ethical generation of qualitative data based on the children’s reflexive commentary on their own body shapes, with the aim of exploring their embodied habitus, identity, and selfhood.

Ethical Issues in Qualitative Data Collection and Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 697-713
Author(s):  
Cees Th Smit Sibinga
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Collection And Management ◽  
Fair Chance ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection ◽  
The Way

Qualitative data collection is largely defined by the personal experience and opinions of the examinee. The examinee is central in the approach, and not so much the researcher. The essence is a communication between the researcher and the examinee, where interpretation of both the questions asked and the answers provided serves the purpose of understanding. This type of research is interpretative and almost exclusively subjective, because the personal or subjective way of understanding and interpretation is central. However, there is certainly a serious possibility for external influence on the answers to be provided or even the way answers are interpreted. Additionally, there is a fair chance that the questions are phrased towards expected answers. There are various moments where ethics are paramount to the quality and acceptability of the research. To protect objectivity, ethical professionalism and professional morale are important. This chapter aims to describe and discuss ethical issues related to collection and management of data from qualitative research.

scholarly journals Qualitative Researcher Reflexivity: A Follow-Up Study with Female Sexual Assault Survivors

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Hoover ◽  
Susan Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Qualitative Researcher ◽  
Sexual Assault Survivors ◽  
Follow Up Study

Motivated by researcher reflexivity, the author sought to learn from participants about the sensitive, ethical issues of the qualitative research process. The current study followed up with eight women who had previously participated in an interview-based study about sexual assault disclosure. Multiple sources of qualitative data were triangulated, including interviews, follow-up interviews, interviews from the original study, and participant checks. Phenomenological analysis yielded five themes: (a) Meaning of Participation, (b) Trust in the Researcher, (c) Connection with the Other Participants, (d) Changing Comfort, and (e) Recommendations to Increase Participants’ Comfort. Based on these results, recommendations are provided for researchers conducting reflexive qualitative research practices.

scholarly journals Listening to Children’s Voices: Reflections on Researching With Children in Multilingual Montreal

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Alison Crump ◽  
Heather Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Creative Methods ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Children’S Voices ◽  
Researching With Children ◽  
Children's Stories

In this paper, we discuss methodological and ethical issues related to researching with children in a way that respects and validates their voices. Drawing on vignettes from one of the author’s inquiries with young multilingual children, we share strategies we see as central to positioning children as knowledgeable and active agents in their own and our learning. We propose three main criteria for doing qualitative research with children: fostering respectful relationships; using creative methods; and listening attentively to children’s stories. We discuss what these criteria can contribute to early childhood education, both in formal and non-formal settings.

Ethical Issues in Qualitative Data Collection and Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-79
Author(s):  
Cees Th Smit Sibinga
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Collection And Management ◽  
Fair Chance ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection ◽  
The Way

Qualitative data collection is largely defined by the personal experience and opinions of the examinee. The examinee is central in the approach, and not so much the researcher. The essence is a communication between the researcher and the examinee, where interpretation of both the questions asked and the answers provided serves the purpose of understanding. This type of research is interpretative and almost exclusively subjective, because the personal or subjective way of understanding and interpretation is central. However, there is certainly a serious possibility for external influence on the answers to be provided or even the way answers are interpreted. Additionally, there is a fair chance that the questions are phrased towards expected answers. There are various moments where ethics are paramount to the quality and acceptability of the research. To protect objectivity, ethical professionalism and professional morale are important. This chapter aims to describe and discuss ethical issues related to collection and management of data from qualitative research.

scholarly journals Doing Research With Children: Making Choices on Ethics and Methodology That Encourage Children’s Participation

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystallia Kyritsi
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Cultural Artifacts ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Interview Process ◽  
Data Generation Process ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Making Choices

The aim of this paper is to discuss examples of ethical and methodological choices that respect children’s rights to participation by encouraging them to be actively involved in the data generation process. The paper introduces the boxes, a model for confidentially obtaining ongoing and informed consent. It also discusses the use of cultural artifacts, chosen by the children themselves, to communicate with the researcher during the interview process. This paper concludes by emphasizing the need to design and cocreate open, flexible approaches in research that encourage children to obtain control and ownership of the research process.

Participatory Hermeneutic Ethnography: A Methodological Framework for Health Ethics Research With Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1135-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Montreuil ◽  
Franco A. Carnevale
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Ethics Research ◽  
Rich Data ◽  
Specific Health

When conducting ethics research with children in health care settings, studying children’s experiences is essential, but so is the context in which these experiences happen and their meaning. Using Charles Taylor’s hermeneutic philosophy, we developed a methodological framework for health ethics research with children that bridges key aspects of ethnography, participatory research, and hermeneutics. This qualitative framework has the potential to offer rich data and discussions related to children as well as family members and health care workers’ moral experiences in specific health care settings, while examining the institutional norms, structures, and practices and how they interrelate with experiences. Through a participatory hermeneutic ethnographic study, important ethical issues can be highlighted and examined in light of social/local imaginaries and horizons of significance, to address some of the ethical concerns that can be present in a specific health care setting.

Ethical Issues in Qualitative Data Collection

2018 ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Chinami McLain ◽  
Jeonghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Data Collection Methods ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection

Ethical considerations are an important part of qualitative research as a multitude of ethical questions can arise during data collection, fieldwork, data analysis, and reporting. The primary goal of this chapter is to illustrate the various ethical issues and dilemmas qualitative researchers may face, particularly during data collection. First, ethical issues that have to be considered when undertaking qualitative research will be discussed. Then ethical issues involved in conducting various qualitative data collection methods, such as observation, interview, and focus group, will be discussed. Common issues discussed are followed by solutions and recommendations directed to researchers conducting qualitative research. Finally, the chapter concludes with the limitations of the discussion and suggestions to expand research into a new direction.

Coding in Qualitative Research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yaghi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Potential Problems

In this chapter, Yaghi offers detailed suggestions on how to code qualitative data after they have been gathered. Based on his doctoral dissertation, this chapter explains that the logic behind coding qualitative data is to turn a significant amount of information into categories that can be used to explain a phenomenon, reveal a concept, or render the data comparable across different case studies. It also elaborates through examples from author’s fieldwork in Tunisia, Egypt, and Jordan on four potential problems that may face researchers in coding qualitative data. These are the questions of preparation, categorization, consistency, and saturation. The chapter concludes by asking researchers to be flexible, and open to the process of trial and error in coding, to confront the data with questions before categorization, and to gather sufficient data on their topics before running their qualitative surveys.

Hierarchical Concept-Driven Language Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Yashen Wang ◽  
Huanhuan Zhang ◽  
Zhirun Liu ◽  
Qiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Language Model ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Scalable Inference ◽  
End To End ◽  
Hidden Layer

For guiding natural language generation, many semantic-driven methods have been proposed. While clearly improving the performance of the end-to-end training task, these existing semantic-driven methods still have clear limitations: for example, (i) they only utilize shallow semantic signals (e.g., from topic models) with only a single stochastic hidden layer in their data generation process, which suffer easily from noise (especially adapted for short-text etc.) and lack of interpretation; (ii) they ignore the sentence order and document context, as they treat each document as a bag of sentences, and fail to capture the long-distance dependencies and global semantic meaning of a document. To overcome these problems, we propose a novel semantic-driven language modeling framework, which is a method to learn a Hierarchical Language Model and a Recurrent Conceptualization-enhanced Gamma Belief Network, simultaneously. For scalable inference, we develop the auto-encoding Variational Recurrent Inference, allowing efficient end-to-end training and simultaneously capturing global semantics from a text corpus. Especially, this article introduces concept information derived from high-quality lexical knowledge graph Probase, which leverages strong interpretability and anti-nose capability for the proposed model. Moreover, the proposed model captures not only intra-sentence word dependencies, but also temporal transitions between sentences and inter-sentence concept dependence. Experiments conducted on several NLP tasks validate the superiority of the proposed approach, which could effectively infer meaningful hierarchical concept structure of document and hierarchical multi-scale structures of sequences, even compared with latest state-of-the-art Transformer-based models.

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