scholarly journals Blending Indigenous Sharing Circle and Western Focus Group Methodologies for the Study of Indigenous Children’s Health: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110151
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Hunt ◽  
Nancy L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Community Advisory Board ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Sharing Circles

The primary objective of this systematic review was to investigate how Western focus groups and Indigenous sharing circles have been blended for the study of Indigenous children’s health. The secondary objective of this study was to propose recommendations for adapting focus groups to include elements of sharing circles. This systematic review was conducted using a systematic search of original research articles published between 2009 and 2020 that (a) focused on North American Indigenous children’s health and (b) used group-based qualitative methods including focus groups and sharing circles. Each of the articles was screened for relevance and quality. The methods sections were reviewed, subjected to qualitative content analysis, and codes were analyzed to identify common themes and synthesize results. We identified 29 articles, most of which followed a community-based participatory research approach. In these publications, most included a community advisory board, ethics approval was obtained, and in some cases, community members were included as research assistants. There was evidence that sharing circles and focus group methods had been blended in the recent Indigenous children’s health literature. This was particularly apparent in the authors’ approaches to recruitment, location, facilitation techniques, question format and reimbursement. Several groups have published results that describe approaches that successfully incorporated aspects of Indigenous sharing circles into Western focus groups, thus establishing a research method that is culturally safe and appropriate for the study of Indigenous children’s health.

scholarly journals Adapting a home telemonitoring intervention for underserved Hispanic/Latino patients with type 2 diabetes: an acceptability and feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Pekmezaris ◽  
Myia S. Williams ◽  
Briana Pascarelli ◽  
Kayla D. Finuf ◽  
Yael T. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Advisory Board ◽  
Community Advisory Board ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Home Telemonitoring

Abstract Background Home telemonitoring is a promising approach to optimizing outcomes for patients with Type 2 Diabetes; however, this care strategy has not been adapted for use with understudied and underserved Hispanic/Latinos (H/L) patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Methods A formative, Community-Based Participatory Research approach was used to adapt a home telemonitoring intervention to facilitate acceptability and feasibility for vulnerable H/L patients. Utilizing the ADAPT-ITT framework, key stakeholders were engaged over an 8-month iterative process using a combination of strategies, including focus groups and structured interviews. Nine Community Advisory Board, Patient Advisory, and Provider Panel Committee focus group discussions were conducted, in English and Spanish, to garner stakeholder input before intervention implementation. Focus groups and structured interviews were also conducted with 12 patients enrolled in a 1-month pilot study, to obtain feedback from patients in the home to further adapt the intervention. Focus groups and structured interviews were approximately 2 hours and 30 min, respectively. All focus groups and structured interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Structural coding was used to mark responses to topical questions in the moderator and interview guides. Results Two major themes emerged from qualitative analyses of Community Advisory Board/subcommittee focus group data. The first major theme involved intervention components to maximize acceptance/usability. Subthemes included tablet screens (e.g., privacy/identity concerns; enlarging font sizes; lighter tablet to facilitate portability); cultural incongruence (e.g., language translation/literacy, foods, actors “who look like me”); nursing staff (e.g., ensuring accessibility; appointment flexibility); and, educational videos (e.g., the importance of information repetition). A second major theme involved suggested changes to the randomized control trial study structure to maximize participation, including a major restructuring of the consenting process and changes designed to optimize recruitment strategies. Themes from pilot participant focus group/structured interviews were similar to those of the Community Advisory Board such as the need to address and simplify a burdensome consenting process, the importance of assuring privacy, and an accessible, culturally congruent nurse. Conclusions These findings identify important adaptation recommendations from the stakeholder and potential user perspective that should be considered when implementing home telemonitoring for underserved patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Trial registration NCT03960424; ClinicalTrials.gov (US National Institutes of Health). Registered 23 May 2019. Registered prior to data collection. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03960424?term=NCT03960424&draw=2&rank=1

scholarly journals Effectiveness of pretend medical play in improving children’s health outcomes and well-being: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e041506
Author(s):  
Aneesa Abdul Rashid ◽  
Ai Theng Cheong ◽  
Ranita Hisham ◽  
Nurainul Hana Shamsuddin ◽  
Dalila Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Anxiety Levels

BackgroundThe healthcare setting is stressful for many people, especially children. Efforts are needed to mitigate children’s healthcare-related anxiety. Medical play using the Teddy Bear Hospital (TBH) concept can expose children to healthcare settings and help them develop positive experiences in these settings. In this role-playing game, children bring their soft toys and act as parents to the ‘sick’ teddies in a pretend hospital or clinic play setting. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of the TBH in improving children’s health outcomes and well-being.MethodsWe searched the reference lists of included studies from four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Google Scholar) from inception until November 2020. We included pre-post, quasiexperimental and case–control studies, as well as randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that discussed medical play using the TBH concept as an intervention. Studies that involved sick patients and used interventions unlike the TBH were excluded. We assessed the quality of the included studies using the Cochrane Collaboration’s ‘Risk of bias’ tool.ResultsTen studies were included in this systematic review. Five specifically investigated the TBH method, while the others involved the same concept of medical play. Only three studies were RCTs. All of the studies report more than one outcome—mostly positive outcomes. Two report lower anxiety levels after intervention. Two found better healthcare knowledge, with one reporting increased feelings of happiness regarding visiting a doctor. Two studies found no change in anxiety or feelings, while another two found increased levels of fear and lowered mood after the medical play (which involved real medical equipment).ConclusionsThe practice of TBH has mostly positive outcomes, with lower anxiety levels and improved healthcare knowledge. Its effectiveness should be verified in future studies using a more robust methodology.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019106355.

Nature Contact and Children's Health: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber L. Fyfe-Johnson ◽  
Edgar K. Marcuse ◽  
Pooja Tandon ◽  
Marnie Hazlehurst ◽  
Gregory N. Bratman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Nature Contact

The impact of heat waves on children’s health: a systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Xu ◽  
Perry E. Sheffield ◽  
Hong Su ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Yan Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
The Impact

Group sex in the time of COVID: Intimacy, learning, and community-building in sexual communities during a pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210014
Author(s):  
Anabelle Bernard Fournier ◽  
Karyn Fulcher ◽  
Leah Shumka ◽  
Nathan J. Lachowsky
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Community Advisory Board ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Group Sex

Introduction: COVID-19 has had a profound effect on every aspect of contemporary life, including sexuality. Physical distancing measures and limitations on large gatherings explicitly restrict in-person group sex events. We sought to understand how the pandemic and associated public health control measures have affected group sex practitioners and activities. Methods: We used a community-based participatory research approach. In fall 2019, we recruited a Community Advisory Board (CAB) of group sex key informants via community agencies, social media, and relevant websites (e.g., FetLife, Squirt). To be eligible, participants had to be at least 18 years old and have recently participated in a local group sex event (i.e. sex, broadly defined, with more than 3 people). Ethics approval was secured for the CAB as a longitudinal focus group study. Focus group meetings were audio recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. In December 2019, participants were asked about definitions of group sex. In May 2020, participants were asked about COVID-19 impacts. Results: Key informants shared that due to COVID-19 restrictions, group sex events were cancelled and participants only had sex with others they were isolating with. Participants emphasized the challenges of isolation, the need to be patient, but also the opportunities associated with isolation. Participants reported attending online group sex events (e.g. Zoom orgies) as well as skill-building classes (e.g. rope bondage). Participants anticipated in-person events in the future, but felt that moving online opened up new opportunities for community-building. Conclusions: Participants adhered to physical distancing protocols and quickly adapted to social isolation through innovative use of technology.

scholarly journals Representing anxious parents in China: A study of Parenting Science magazine 1980–2016

2019 ◽  
pp. 136754941985682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian (Sarah) Gong
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Parental Practices ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Sociology Of Health ◽  
Science Magazine ◽  
Anxious Parenting

This article analyses the representation of parental practices in Parenting Science, the first and longest running parenting magazine published in China since 1980. Drawing on Foucault’s work on governmentality and biopolitics as well as their current development in cultural studies and sociology of health, this article critically investigates the cultural frames that surround parental practices relating to the health and development of young children. It explores how issues of medicalisation, intensive parenting, responsibility and self-management are represented in the magazine, ‘reflecting’ as well as ‘reinforcing’ dominant cultural ideas of parenting and childrearing in China. Based on a qualitative content analysis of 2295 items from 37 issues of the magazine (1980–2016), including editorials, feature stories, standard articles, Q&As, adverts and other short items, this article has identified three major frames of parental practices in monitoring and facilitating children’s health, development and wellbeing: (1) the medicalisation of children’s health problems, (2) the rise of expert authority and (3) the responsibilisation of parents. This article argues that these frames underpin the construction of an intensive and anxious parenting culture in China and serve as powerful tools of biopolitical control.

scholarly journals Impact of Coal-fired Power Plant Emissions on Children’s Health: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Amster ◽  
Clara Lew Levy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Power Plant Emissions ◽  
Plant Emissions

Coal-based energy production is the most utilized method of electricity production worldwide and releases the highest concentration of gaseous, particulate, and metallic pollutants. This article aims to systematically review the public health impact of coal-fired power plant emissions on children’s health. PubMed, Web of Science, and Toxline databases were queried for the past 20 years. Inclusion criteria included original scientific articles with (a) coal-fired power plant exposure assessment, (b) at least one primary pediatric health outcome, and (c) assessment of potential sources of confounding and bias. Only morbidity and mortality studies were included; economic analysis and risk assessment studies without a primary health outcome were not included. Of 513 articles initially retrieved, 17 epidemiological articles were included in the final systematic review after screening and eligibility. The articles reviewed showed a statistically significant adverse effect on pediatric neurodevelopment; birth weight and pediatric respiratory morbidity was associated with exposure to coal-fired power plant emissions, primarily particulate matter and polyaromatic hydrocarbon exposure. There is a lack of consistency of exposure assessment and inadequate control of significant potential confounders such as social economic status. Future research should focus on improving exposure assessment models with an emphasis on source-apportionment and geographic information system methods to model power plant-specific emissions.

scholarly journals Who is responsible for keeping children healthy? A qualitative exploration of the views of children aged 8–10 years old

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e025245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Goldthorpe ◽  
Tracy Epton ◽  
Chris Keyworth ◽  
Rachel Calam ◽  
Christopher Armitage
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Children’S Views ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

ObjectiveThe issue of who is responsible for children’s physical health is complex, with implications for targeting and developing strategies for health promotion and interventions to improve health. While there is evidence to suggest that children are able to construct notions of responsibility in relation to other areas of their lives, very little research has explored children’s views of responsibility for their own health. The aim of this study was to explore children’s views about who they feel is responsible for keeping them healthy.DesignFocus groups were used to gather qualitative data using a semistructured topic guide. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used in an iterative, double hermeneutic approach to analyse the data.SettingFocus groups took place in two UK primary schools in deprived inner city areas.Participants20 children aged 8–10 years took part in one of two focus groups (10 children in each group).ResultsThree overarching themes were identified: (1) individual and collective responsibility, (2) marketing and conflict with taking responsibility, and (3) what people and organisations can do to help children to take responsibility. Children feel that they, parents, families, school staff, medical professionals, food producers, retail outlets, supermarkets, advertisers and the government are all responsible for their health and should thus demonstrate responsibility through their behaviours around children’s health.Conclusions and implicationsChildren’s views were consistent with constructs of responsibility as both a moral obligation and a set of behaviours, and with wider sociopolitical philosophies of individual and collective responsibility. These findings further support a focus on integrated, system-wide approaches to children’s health.

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