External sources promoting resilience in adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
pp. 174462952096194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Scheffers ◽  
Xavier Moonen ◽  
Eveline van Vugt
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Background: Persons with an intellectual disability are at increased risk of experiencing adversities. The current study aims at providing an overview of the research on how resilience in adults with intellectual disabilities, in the face of adversity, is supported by sources in their social network. Method: A literature review was conducted in the databases Psycinfo and Web of Science. To evaluate the quality of the included studies, the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used. Results: The themes: “ positive emotions,” “ network acceptance,” “ sense of coherence” and “ network support,” were identified as sources of resilience in the social network of the adults with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: The current review showed that research addressing sources of resilience among persons with intellectual disabilities is scarce. In this first overview, four sources of resilience in the social network of people with intellectual disabilities were identified that interact and possibly strengthen each other.

The Social Network, Support and Neurosis

1977 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Network Support ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Consultations ◽  
Social Network Support ◽  
Habitual Responses ◽  
Medical Morbidity

SummaryThe psychological function of the social network is considered in terms of attachment theory. Social bonds are proposed as essential for obtaining a commodity commonly but unsatisfactorily referred to as support. Requirements for this complex commodity can be discerned in a wide range of contexts. Examples considered are the evolutionary origin of the social network itself, the concept of psychosocial supplies, the distribution of neurosis in Western and non-Western populations, the use of medical consultations, psychotherapy and habitual responses to adversity or disaster. In these and other contexts, it is apparent that individuals have, quite simply, a requirement for affectively positive interaction with others. Under stressful conditions this interaction is called ‘support’. When support is lacking there is evidence that psychiatric and perhaps medical morbidity rates increase. For research, the objective must now be to determine whether depleted primary group interaction is causally related to morbidity, or whether it is only an associated or a secondary factor in aetiology, or indeed wholly unrelated. Elucidating more precisely why people need people constitutes an important new task for social psychiatry.‘Thank you for your support; I shall wear it at all times.’Neddy Seagoon inThe Goon Show(Spike Milligan, 1959)

scholarly journals Strategies of the Spanish press in the face of the Twitter algorithm change. Analysis of tweets published between 2018-2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Antonio Díaz-Lucena ◽  
Victoria Mora-de-la-Torre ◽  
Lorenzo-J. Torres-Hortelano
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
15Th Anniversary ◽  
Spanish Press ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Future Growth

Twitter recently celebrated its 15th anniversary. During this period, the platform has gone through several phases, culminating in a record number of subscribers and profits in 2021. Twitter is a household name all over the world and people know what it can or cannot provide, independent of the future growth that it may experience with new investments and updates. This article aims to verify two interrelated hypotheses, namely: the Spanish press already knows how to optimise the social network Twitter, as three decades have elapsed since its launch; and, secondly, the algorithm modification implemented by Twitter in 2018 has triggered a change in the positioning of the headers studied in this social network. In order to demonstrate both, the object of analysis will be conducted by a mixed approach through quantitative statistical processes (which will study the number of impacts and retweets and likes obtained), and inductive qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews. This multidisciplinary approach will provide a more complete and in-depth analysis of the phenomenon. The research focuses on the period between 2018 and 2020, and addresses the participation on Twitter of the four main traditional newspapers (El País, La Vanguardia, ABC and El Mundo) as well as four native digital newspapers (20 Minutos, El Español, elDiario.es and El Huffpost). The analysis comprises more than 1.5 million tweets among the eight chosen newspapers.

Validity of the Social Communication Questionnaire in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Sappok ◽  
Albert Diefenbacher ◽  
Isabell Gaul ◽  
Sven Bölte
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Social Communication Questionnaire ◽  
The Social ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract This study examined the validity of the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) to identify autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 151 adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Germany. Sensitivities and specificities for ASD were 98/47% for the SCQ-current version and 92/22% for the SCQ-lifetime version. Sensitivities and specificities were increased to 89/66% and 78/48% by adjusting the recommended cut-points. The SCQ-current score correlated with the Scale for Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Mentally Retarded Persons and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, whereas the SCQ-lifetime score correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Our findings support the use of the SCQ-current version for ASD screening in adults with ID, although the SCQ-lifetime version should be used with caution in this population.

Coping with Serious Illness: On Integrating Constructs to Enhance Clinical Research, Assessment and Intervention

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen O. Ell
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Research Assessment ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Social Network Support ◽  
Advance Theory

Empirical research suggests that given relatively similar illness contingencies, patients who cope successfully with serious illness have access to and use effectively social network support, believe events are to some extent within their control, perceive themselves to be effective, and employ an array of flexible coping strategies. Based on a selective literature review, the argument is made that more integrative conceptual frameworks are needed to advance theory and to enhance the applied value of research data. Clinical implications for assessment, intervention, and evaluation are set forth.

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