Race and Campaign Resources: Candidate Identification Numbers in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1866802X2110526
Author(s):  
Andrew Janusz ◽  
Cameron Sells
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Electronic Voting ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Public Office ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Identification Number ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Candidate Identification

Party elites may hinder racial and ethnic minorities from winning public office by withholding resources. Prior studies have explored the distribution of money, media access, and party-list positions. In Brazil, party elites provide each candidate with a unique identification number. Voters must enter their preferred candidate’s identification number into an electronic voting machine to register their support. In this article, we replicate and extend Bueno and Dunning’s (2017) analysis of candidate identification numbers. They conclude that party elites do not provide white candidates with superior identification numbers than non-whites. We contend that assessing intraparty variation is theoretically and methodologically warranted. Using party fixed effects, we find that party elites provide non-white candidates with worse identification numbers than whites. We demonstrate that our findings are generalisable using data from other elections. Moreover, we show that party elites also withhold advantageous numbers from women and political novices.

Political parties and campaign resource allocation: Gender gaps in Brazilian elections

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406882110184
Author(s):  
Andrew Janusz ◽  
Sofi-Nicole Barreiro ◽  
Erika Cintron
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Gender Gaps ◽  
Women Candidates ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Candidate Identification

Political parties shape electoral outcomes by determining who stands for election and what campaign resources they have at their disposal. The introduction of gender quotas have led party leaders to nominate more women candidates, however, those women disproportionately lose. We contend that one of the reasons that women routinely lose is because party elites withhold the campaign resources necessary to mount an effective campaign. In this paper, we test this resource gatekeeping argument using data on the provision of campaign resources in Brazil. We analyze the distribution of three different types of party resources: candidate identification numbers, financial support, and television airtime. Our findings show that party elites provide female candidates less advantageous candidate identification numbers, less financial support, and less media access than they provide male candidates. Importantly, we do not find that gender gaps in campaign contributions are attributable to differences in candidate quality. This finding suggests that even when women are recruited to run for office, party elites may still undermine their electoral prospects.

scholarly journals Advancing Alzheimer’s Disease Care and Services Among Racial and Ethnic Minorities

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 745-745
Author(s):  
Lenora Smith ◽  
Roland Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
African American ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research shows consistent and adverse disparities among racial and ethnic minorities compared to non-Hispanic Whites in the prevalence and incidence of Alzheimer’s disease, mortality, participation in clinical trials, use of medications and other interventions, health care expenditures, and quality-of-life outcomes. The literature suggests numerous underlying causes, including factors related to measurement of the disease, genetics, socioeconomic factors, cultural differences, lack of culturally competent interventions, and discrimination in services and care. Although these disparities are well known, little is known about the effectiveness of various strategies to address these differences within the context of Alzheimer’s disease services and care. This symposium aims to contribute to this knowledge. The first presentation examines the role of race with marital status and risk for dementia using data from the Health and Retirement Study. Results suggest differences for unmarried White and unmarried older adults of color, which can inform dementia care services. The second presentation highlights the opportunities and challenges of facilitating cognitive impairment screenings among African American congregations. The third presentation introduces attitudes about brain donation among African American research participants and suggestions to increase involvement. The symposium concludes with a presentation on hearing care disparities in dementia with practical recommendations on how to close this gap in hearing care. The findings from these papers contribute significantly to the impact of ethnoracial differences in dementia and the need to include more diverse populations in ADRD research to promote equity. Alzheimer’s Disease Research Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.

Racial and Ethnic Minorities' Concern About Terrorism and Perceived Governmental Protection

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Arabia ◽  
Vickie M. Mays ◽  
Susan D. Cochran ◽  
Paul Ong
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities

scholarly journals Country of Origin Effects on the Average Annual Values of NHL Player Contracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Aju J. Fenn ◽  
Lucas Gerdes ◽  
Samuel Rothstein
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Large Datasets ◽  
National Hockey League ◽  
Dummy Variables ◽  
Country Of Origin Effects ◽  
Performance Statistics ◽  
Career Performance ◽  
Using Data

Using data from 2005 to 2016, this paper examines if players in the National Hockey League (NHL) are being paid a positive differential for their services due to the competition from the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) and the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). In order to control for performance, we use two different large datasets, (N = 4046) and (N = 1717). In keeping with the existing literature, we use lagged performance statistics and dummy variables to control for the type of NHL contract. The first dataset contains lagged career performance statistics, while the performance statistics are based on the statistics generated during the years under the player’s previous contract. Fixed effects least squares (FELS) and quantile regression results suggest that player production statistics, contract status, and country of origin are significant determinants of NHL player salaries.

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