scholarly journals Aortoesophageal Fistula Secondary to Esophageal Diverticulum Resulting in Sudden Unexpected Death

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Robyn Ndikumana ◽  
Anita Lal ◽  
Jayantha Herath
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Aortoesophageal Fistula ◽  
Esophageal Diverticulum ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽  
Foreign Objects

Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rarely encountered clinical outcome that is often fatal. It is most commonly a postoperative complication of vascular surgery (secondary AEF). Reported primary causes of AEF include aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, infection, foreign objects, achalasia with megaesophagus, gastrointestinal malignancy, and radiotherapy. Aortoesophageal fistula is often not a top diagnostic consideration for clinicians or pathologists and has the potential to be overlooked. This report describes a rare case of AEF secondary to an esophageal traction diverticulum and associated abscess that resulted in the sudden unexpected death of a 78-year-old male. Aortoesophageal fistula is an important consideration for pathologists and requires careful consideration in the postmortem setting.

scholarly journals Cranio-vertebral junction anomaly –presenting as cervical myelopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumar Singal ◽  
Purshottam Dass Gupta ◽  
Nitin Gupta ◽  
Jayant Aggarwal ◽  
Varinder Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Canal Stenosis

Antlanto-axial dislocation with blocked and ankylosed C2-4 vertebrae causing severe canal stenosis with compression of cervico-medullary junction has been reported. The knowledge of such anomaly may be importance for radiologists, anaesthesiologists, orthopaedicians and neurosurgeons because cranio-cervical junction anomaly may result in sudden unexpected death. It can also result in dysphagia, dysarthria due to compression of cranial nerves and quadriparesis due to compression of spinal cord. We here report a rare case of cranio-vertebral junction anomaly with blocked and ankylosed C2,3,4vertebrae with evidence of atlanto-axial dislocation causing compression of cervico-medullary junction and leading to cervical myelopathy.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 01 January’19. Page : 40-42

ECG-Patterns of Focal Epileptic Seizures, the Role in Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: A Prospective Long-Term Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Serdyuk ◽  
Karapet V. Davtyan ◽  
Sergey G. Burd ◽  
Oksana M. Drapkina ◽  
Sergey A. Boytsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

A forensic autopsy case: sudden unexpected death due to cardiac inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor

2021 ◽  
pp. 101931
Author(s):  
Shoken Suzuki ◽  
Maki Ohtani ◽  
Yuhei Matsuo ◽  
Makoto Yoshida ◽  
Akiteru Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Forensic Autopsy ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Autopsy Case ◽  
Unexpected Death

scholarly journals Differential Methylation in the GSTT1 Regulatory Region in Sudden Unexplained Death and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2790
Author(s):  
Steffan Noe Christiansen ◽  
Stine Bøttcher Jacobsen ◽  
Jeppe Dyrberg Andersen ◽  
Marie-Louise Kampmann ◽  
Linea Christine Trudsø ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Differential Methylation ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Sudden Unexplained Death ◽  
Unexplained Death

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a diagnostic challenge in forensic medicine. In a relatively large proportion of the SCDs, the deaths remain unexplained after autopsy. This challenge is likely caused by unknown disease mechanisms. Changes in DNA methylation have been associated with several heart diseases, but the role of DNA methylation in SCD is unknown. In this study, we investigated DNA methylation in two SCD subtypes, sudden unexplained death (SUD) and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). We assessed DNA methylation of more than 850,000 positions in cardiac tissue from nine SUD and 14 SUDEP cases using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. In total, six differently methylated regions (DMRs) between the SUD and SUDEP cases were identified. The DMRs were located in proximity to or overlapping genes encoding proteins that are a part of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) showed that the DNA methylation alterations were not caused by genetic changes, while whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS) showed that DNA methylation was associated with expression levels of the GSTT1 gene. In conclusion, our results indicate that cardiac DNA methylation is similar in SUD and SUDEP, but with regional differential methylation in proximity to GST genes.

scholarly journals SUDEP kompakt – praxisrelevante Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen zum plötzlichen, unerwarteten Tod bei Epilepsie

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Surges ◽  
Stefan Conrad ◽  
Hajo M. Hamer ◽  
Andreas Schulze-Bonhage ◽  
Anke M. Staack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Mobile Geräte

Zusammenfassung„Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy“ (SUDEP) ist der plötzliche, unerwartete Tod eines Epilepsiepatienten, der unter „gutartigen“ Umständen und ohne typische Todesursachen auftritt. SUDEP betrifft alle Epilepsiepatienten. Das individuelle Risiko hängt vor allem von Merkmalen der Epilepsie und Anfälle sowie von Lebensumständen ab. Fokale zu bilateral bzw. generalisierte tonisch-klonische Anfälle (TKA), nächtliche Anfälle und fehlende nächtliche Überwachung erhöhen das Risiko. In den meisten SUDEP-Fällen kommt es nach TKA zu einer fatalen Kaskade mit Apnoe, Hypoxämie und Asystolie. Wahrscheinlich könnten zwei Drittel der SUDEP-Fälle bei nicht überwachten Epilepsiepatienten mit TKA verhindert werden. Mobile Geräte („wearables“) können nächtliche TKA erkennen und Hilfspersonen benachrichtigen. Eine SUDEP-Aufklärung wird von den meisten Patienten und Angehörigen gewünscht, beeinflusst Therapieadhärenz und Verhalten günstig und hat keine negativen Auswirkungen auf Stimmung oder Lebensqualität.Empfehlungen der Kommission „Patientensicherheit“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epileptologie: Therapieziel ist Anfallsfreiheit. Wenn dies nicht möglich ist, soll versucht werden, zumindest TKA zu kontrollieren. Alle Epilepsiepatienten und ihre Angehörigen sollen über SUDEP und Risikofaktoren aufgeklärt werden. Patienten und Angehörige sollen über Maßnahmen informiert werden, die einem erhöhten Risiko bzw. einem drohenden SUDEP entgegenwirken. Die Aufklärung soll in einem persönlichen Gespräch erfolgen, bei Diagnosestellung oder später. Die Aufklärung sollte dokumentiert werden. Wearables zur Detektion von TKA können empfohlen werden. Bei persistierenden TKA sollen Therapieversuche zur Anfallskontrolle fortgeführt werden. Nach SUDEP sollten Hinterbliebene kontaktiert werden.

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