scholarly journals Defining and Measuring News Media Quality: Comparing the Content Perspective and the Audience Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 194016122199966
Author(s):  
Philipp Bachmann ◽  
Mark Eisenegger ◽  
Diana Ingenhoff
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Quality ◽  
Media System ◽  
Evaluative Criteria ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Multimethod Approach ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Measurement Approach

High-quality news is important, not only for its own sake but also for its political implications. However, defining, operationalizing, and measuring news media quality is difficult, because evaluative criteria depend upon beliefs about the ideal society, which are inherently contested. This conceptual and methodological paper outlines important considerations for defining news media quality before developing and applying a multimethod approach to measure it. We refer to Giddens' notion of double hermeneutics, which reveals that the ways social scientists understand constructs inevitably interact with the meanings of these constructs shared by people in society. Reflecting the two-way relationship between society and social sciences enables us to recognize news media quality as a dynamic, contingent, and contested construct and, at the same time, to reason our understanding of news media quality, which we derive from Habermas' ideal of deliberative democracy. Moreover, we investigate the Swiss media system to showcase our measurement approach in a repeated data collection from 2017 to 2020. We assess the content quality of fifty news media outlets using four criteria derived from the deliberative ideal ( N = 20,931 and 18,559 news articles and broadcasting items, respectively) and compare the results with those from two representative online surveys ( N = 2,169 and 2,159 respondents). The high correlations between both methods show that a deliberative understanding of news media quality is anchored in Swiss society and shared by audiences. This paper shall serve as a showcase to reflect and measure news media quality across other countries and media systems.

scholarly journals Media Use and Misperceptions

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toril Aalberg ◽  
Zan Strabac
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Media System ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Tv News ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Watching Tv

Abstract There is considerable evidence that many people generally misperceive the size of the immigrant population in their country, and that this may have essential political implications. In studies of political knowledge, the news media are typically said to be one important source of information that can help make people more knowledgeable. In the present article, we investigate whether there is a relationship between TV viewing, media system variations and knowledge about immigration. We base our analysis on highly comparable data from the 2002-2003 wave of the European Social Survey (ESS) and an American replication of the ESS. The results indicate that TV viewing in general is associated with lower levels of knowledge, while there is a positive but non-significant relationship between watching TV news and knowledge about immigration. Differences in the levels of knowledge between the countries are fairly large, with residents of Nordic countries being most knowledgeable and residents of the UK, US and France tending to be least knowledgeable. Aggregate explanations for variations in media influence (share of public service TV and “media systems”) do not prove to be of much value in explaining differences in knowledge about the sizes of immigrant populations.

scholarly journals Towards media systems framework in Asia Chinese and Korean media on framing the initial COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 174804852110290
Author(s):  
Sookyung Cho ◽  
Ziyi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Media System ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Media Comparison ◽  
The Media ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Systems Framework ◽  
Initial Coverage

Due to the relative lack of media comparison studies within Asian contexts, theoretical frameworks based in Western societies have been applied to knowledge production in the global South. Using a ‘most different’ design, this study compares the dimensions of media systems reflected in two Chinese and two Korean newspapers in their initial coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Content analysis showed statistically significant differences in distribution of sources, topics and valence, usage of frame types, and actors including domestic government and foreign entities held responsible between the two groups of media. Based on political implications of crisis on Chinese and Korean news content, we mainly discuss political instrumentalization and parallelism in the media in an Asian context. Finally, we open up the dimensions of media system from an Asian perspective and address the need for future research.

Is There a Distinct Quebec Media Subsystem in Canada? Evidence of Ideological and Political Orientations among Canadian News Media Organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Thibault ◽  
Frédérick Bastien ◽  
Tania Gosselin ◽  
Colette Brin ◽  
Colin Scott
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media System ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Media Organizations ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Western Media

AbstractIn their much-quoted typology of Western media systems, Hallin and Mancini (2004) associate Canada's media system with what they call the “Liberal model,” given its strong professionalization and limited politicization. They also hypothesize the existence of a more professional and more politicized media subsystem in Quebec. This article tests their hypothesis with data from a 2018 survey of 209 experts across Canada. The findings do not support the hypothesis of a media subsystem in Quebec. However, they show a diversity of ideological and political orientations among news media organizations, which has important empirical and theoretical implications for the study of political communication in Canada.

Trump, Twitter, and news media responsiveness: A media systems approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Wells ◽  
Dhavan Shah ◽  
Josephine Lukito ◽  
Ayellet Pelled ◽  
Jon CW Pevehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Presidential Primary ◽  
Media System ◽  
American Media ◽  
Media Systems

How populists engage with media of various types, and are treated by those media, are questions of international interest. In the United States, Donald Trump stands out for both his populism-inflected campaign style and his success at attracting media attention. This article examines how interactions between candidate communications, social media, partisan media, and news media combined to shape attention to Trump, Clinton, Cruz, and Sanders during the 2015–2016 American presidential primary elections. We identify six major components of the American media system and measure candidates’ efforts to gain attention from them. Our results demonstrate that social media activity, in the form of retweets of candidate posts, provided a significant boost to news media coverage of Trump, but no comparable boost for other candidates. Furthermore, Trump tweeted more at times when he had recently garnered less of a relative advantage in news attention, suggesting he strategically used Twitter to trigger coverage.

Media Ownership and Journalism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Sjøvaag ◽  
Jonas Ohlsson
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Media Ownership ◽  
Media Diversity ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The Many

Media ownership is of interest to research on journalism due to the assumption that ownership can have an impact of the contents and practices of journalism. Ownership of news media take many forms: state ownership, family ownership, party ownership, trust ownership, public or corporate ownership. The main concern with ownership in journalism scholarship is market concentration and monopolization, and the undue effects this may have on media diversity, public opinion formation, democracy and journalistic autonomy. Throughout the research, ownership motivations are assumed to lie with the potential financial and political benefits of owning journalistic media. Benevolence is seldom assumed, as the problematic aspects of ownership are treated both from the management side of the research, and from the critical political economy perspective. News and journalism are largely understood as public goods, the quality of which is often seen as threatened by commercialism and market realities, under the economic aims of owners. However, the many forms and shapes that ownership of news media assume have different impacts on the competition between media outlets, the organization of editorial production, journalistic and professional cultures, and the intensity of corporate and profit maximizing philosophies that journalists work under. Ownership, however, assumes different forms in different media systems.

scholarly journals Is There a Nordic News Media System?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Kim Christian Schrøder ◽  
Mark Blach-Ørsten ◽  
Mads Kæmsgaard Eberholst
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
News Media ◽  
Online News ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Media System ◽  
Digital News ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Media Systems

AbstractIn media systems theory, the Nordic countries are often held to constitute a specific media system (Brüggemann et al., 2014). In this article, we put this claim to the test in the area of news consumption. Based on findings about the four Nordic countries Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland in the annual Reuters Institute Digital News Report (Newman et al., 2019), and inspired by previous studies of the audience dimension of media systems (Hölig et al., 2016; Peruško et al., 2015; Van Damme et al., 2017), we undertake a descriptive empirical analysis of the 2019 data of this 38-country study. Our study compares news audience practices in the Nordic countries with those of countries belonging to other supranational media systems. We find that while there are some internal differences within the Nordic media system, there are salient news consumption commonalities that are specific to the Nordic countries, such as preferred sources of news, pathways to news, paying for online news, and trust in the news.

scholarly journals Google, Facebook and what else? Measuring the hybridity of Italian journalists by their use of sources

2020 ◽  
pp. 026732312094091
Author(s):  
Marco Delmastro ◽  
Sergio Splendore
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Soft News ◽  
Media System ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Media And Communication

The contemporary media systems present hybrid logics and features that imply an increasingly interdependence among actors, media and communication formats. The hybrid media system approach underlines that legacy news media and non-elite media actors construct flows of news through different media technologies and according to complex temporal structures. A media environment arises in which traditional distinctions between concepts like ‘online’ and ‘offline’, ‘producer’ and ‘audience’, ‘citizens’ and ‘journalists’ become blurred. The emphasis appears to be on change more than continuity, and on difference more than similarity. Although the hybrid media approach is appreciated by numerous contemporary media scholars, hybridity in media often remains an all-encompassing concept and few attempts have been made to measure it. This article assesses the level of hybridity by investigating journalists’ uses of sources. It considers mainly journalists’ use of sources by the medium for which they work (from newspapers to web or radio) and the kinds of news that they produce (hard or soft news, business/finance, tech/science). The assumption is, therefore, that, within a homogeneously hybridized media system, journalists use the same sources regardless of the medium for which they work and the topics with which they deal. This objective is pursued by analysing the data collected via a survey conducted by means of structured interviews with a sample of 1424 Italian journalists between October and November 2016. The findings show that the analytical distinction among platforms for which journalists work still matters in terms of sources. Except for the use of Facebook and Google, journalists have still very defined paths to collect sources according to the medium they work for. The article has implications also for the literature on journalists’ authority and expertise.

Evaluation of the Content Quality of YouTube Videos on Alternate Therapies for Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-155
Author(s):  
Sarvesh Sawant ◽  
Aswathi Nair ◽  
Shaik Aisha Sultana ◽  
Arjun Rajendran ◽  
Kapil Chalil Madathil
Keyword(s):  
Content Quality ◽  
Youtube Videos

scholarly journals A Comparative Research Between Italian and Turkish Journalists: Professionalism, Autonomy, Clientelism, and Ethic

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110101
Author(s):  
Xheni Simaku
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Media And Politics ◽  
Media System ◽  
National Media ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Cross National

The global society which we live in nowadays makes us rethink about media system, global dynamics, and the operation of the influences that these dynamics have on national media systems. Starting from the book by Hallin and Mancini’s (2004) Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics, and under the Polarized Pluralist Model they proposed, the aim of this work is to compare Turkish and Italian journalists’ professionalization. This research has been conducted under the concept of professionalization that these authors suggested in their work and, more specifically, under the Polarized Pluralist Model, in which Hallin and Mancini recognize countries like Italy have the main characteristics described by the model; Turkey can also be included. The main goal of this work is to underline not only the similarities but also the differences that are encountered in these two countries in the journalistic professionalization. The methodology used is in-depth interviews with 10 journalists: five Italian and five Turkish journalists chosen from the biggest journals in their respective countries. Main topics taken into consideration were autonomy, clientelism, and professionalization in journalism based on ethics values. Even if the Polarized Pluralist Model seems to fit in both countries from a macro perspective, with the in-depth interviews, it is clearly seen that different cross-national nuances come out.

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