Media Ownership and Journalism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Sjøvaag ◽  
Jonas Ohlsson
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Media Ownership ◽  
Media Diversity ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The Many

Media ownership is of interest to research on journalism due to the assumption that ownership can have an impact of the contents and practices of journalism. Ownership of news media take many forms: state ownership, family ownership, party ownership, trust ownership, public or corporate ownership. The main concern with ownership in journalism scholarship is market concentration and monopolization, and the undue effects this may have on media diversity, public opinion formation, democracy and journalistic autonomy. Throughout the research, ownership motivations are assumed to lie with the potential financial and political benefits of owning journalistic media. Benevolence is seldom assumed, as the problematic aspects of ownership are treated both from the management side of the research, and from the critical political economy perspective. News and journalism are largely understood as public goods, the quality of which is often seen as threatened by commercialism and market realities, under the economic aims of owners. However, the many forms and shapes that ownership of news media assume have different impacts on the competition between media outlets, the organization of editorial production, journalistic and professional cultures, and the intensity of corporate and profit maximizing philosophies that journalists work under. Ownership, however, assumes different forms in different media systems.

scholarly journals Defining and Measuring News Media Quality: Comparing the Content Perspective and the Audience Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 194016122199966
Author(s):  
Philipp Bachmann ◽  
Mark Eisenegger ◽  
Diana Ingenhoff
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Quality ◽  
Media System ◽  
Evaluative Criteria ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Multimethod Approach ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Measurement Approach

High-quality news is important, not only for its own sake but also for its political implications. However, defining, operationalizing, and measuring news media quality is difficult, because evaluative criteria depend upon beliefs about the ideal society, which are inherently contested. This conceptual and methodological paper outlines important considerations for defining news media quality before developing and applying a multimethod approach to measure it. We refer to Giddens' notion of double hermeneutics, which reveals that the ways social scientists understand constructs inevitably interact with the meanings of these constructs shared by people in society. Reflecting the two-way relationship between society and social sciences enables us to recognize news media quality as a dynamic, contingent, and contested construct and, at the same time, to reason our understanding of news media quality, which we derive from Habermas' ideal of deliberative democracy. Moreover, we investigate the Swiss media system to showcase our measurement approach in a repeated data collection from 2017 to 2020. We assess the content quality of fifty news media outlets using four criteria derived from the deliberative ideal ( N = 20,931 and 18,559 news articles and broadcasting items, respectively) and compare the results with those from two representative online surveys ( N = 2,169 and 2,159 respondents). The high correlations between both methods show that a deliberative understanding of news media quality is anchored in Swiss society and shared by audiences. This paper shall serve as a showcase to reflect and measure news media quality across other countries and media systems.

scholarly journals Trends of non-financial corporations listed on Borsa Istanbul: Rethinking corporate ownership and governance under COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Gonca Atici ◽  
Guner Gursoy
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Public Offerings ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
A Minor

The purpose of this study is to analyze trends of non-financial corporations listed on Borsa Istanbul (BIST) in terms of ownership structure for the period of 2002-2019. According to our findings, Turkish non-financial corporations reveal a concentrated nature as an example of family capitalism. Findings also reveal that initial public offerings are mainly from family-controlled corporations. This is noteworthy as corporations integrate more to the capital markets of Turkey. Besides, they get more disciplined as they subject to the regulations of the governing bodies and internalise corporate governance criteria. In terms of ownership mix, findings denote that non-financial corporations listed on BIST benefit from the advantages of conglomerates, cross-ownership, and foreign ownership in line with the literature. Contrary to several emerging economies, state-ownership has a minor share which renders strength and quality of governance level. The concentrated nature of corporations is believed to have a positive effect on governance mechanisms for controlling agency problems especially in the environment of uncertainty during COVID-19. Although Turkish capital markets have promising and progressing corporate governance mechanisms, steps to build up advanced digital governance mechanisms for the “digital new normal” should be taken as soon as possible.

scholarly journals proses dan teknik supervisi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aliifah Deka Putri
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Many ◽  
Systematic Education

Articles should be arranged by methods and systematic steps to facilitate conducting research. In this article, the writer uses the method of collecting study materials and sources of material derived from books, articles, journals and other sources relating. School personnel who are adequately capable of being the main concern for each educational institution. Among the existing personnel, teachers are the front line in determining the quality of education. Teachers face to face every day with students in the learning process. Therefore qualified teachers are needed by every school. Improving the quality of education in schools requires professional and systematic education in achieving its goals. The effectiveness of educational activities in a school is influenced by the many variables (both related to personal, operational, and material aspects) that need to get coaching and sustainable development. The process of fostering and developing the whole situation is a study of educational supervision.

Analysis and Interpretation of Test Beam Data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wigmans
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Particle Beam ◽  
Test Beam ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
The Many ◽  
Physics Experiment ◽  
The Way

This chapter describes some of the many pitfalls that may be encountered when developing the calorimeter system for a particle physics experiment. Several of the examples chosen for this chapter are based on the author’s own experience. Typically, the performance of a new calorimeter is tested in a particle beam provided by an accelerator. The potential pitfalls encountered in correctly assessing this performance both concern the analysis and the interpretation of the data collected in such tests. The analysis should be carried out with unbiased event samples. Several consequences of violating this principle are illustrated with practical examples. For the interpretation of the results, it is very important to realize that the conditions in a testbeam are fundamentally different than in practice. This has consequences for the meaning of the term “energy resolution”. It is shown that the way in which the results of beam tests are quoted may create a misleading impression of the quality of the tested instrument.

Answers and Questions: Evans-Pritchard On Nuer Religion

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Logical Consistency ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractIf my discernment of the thought that underlies his study of Nuer religion is not entirely misconstrued, then one can assert a logical consistency between Collingwood's methodology for history and Evans-Pritchard's for ethnography. It is worthwhile, in that light, to consider the fact that "at one time Evans-Pritchard contemplated writing Collingwood's biography" (Beidelman 1974:559). One commentator, (Kuper 1980:118) typifies this methodology as "postwar idealism" and suggests that the major works he published in the later decades of his presence at Oxford demonstrate the "sterility" of his methodology and theory. Still others have hinted that his entry into the Catholic Church was later reflected in his depiction of Nuer religous life. These are remarkable assertions, when one takes the time to reflect on the many ways in which his own approach and writings have so profoundly influenced the direction of anthropological enquiry in his own country and abroad. The fact is, one can no longer write ethnography in lieu of a solid understanding of the historical circumstances which have resulted in the contemporary 'ethnographic present'. At the same time, practitioners of the discipline have addressed from almost every angle the proposition that all ethnography is indeed a good part confession-that we write what we are able to see. That is precisely the quality of the work that will guarantee the status of Nuer religion as a classic. The methods of history and anthropology can only become more similar. Anyone who holds an absence of definition or presumed repugnance toward theory as criticisms of his contributions, has truly lost the forest for the trees. It is all the more remarkable that his methodological and theoretical advances in the anthropological study of religion are to be found not in his answers, but in the questions he raised.10

More or More of the Same: Ownership Concentration and Media Diversity in Egypt

2021 ◽  
pp. 194016122110251
Author(s):  
Zahraa Badr
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Media Diversity ◽  
Content Diversity ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

The Egyptian media has witnessed various changes in the ownership spectrum after the 2011 revolution. To explore this evolution, and through the Habermasian lens, this study examined ownership concentration in the 2019 media sphere in Egypt by mapping media outlets and their owners. It also investigated the relationship between this concentration and content diversity in a sample of print outlets in the first quarter of 2019. Three patterns of ownership concentration in the Egyptian media were identified: concentrated state ownership, concentrated private ownership, and not concentrated private ownership. Based on these findings, I argue that the media sphere in Egypt is dominated by a few gatekeepers, mostly the state, that influence content diversity and jeopardize the democratic public sphere in postrevolution Egypt.

scholarly journals From audiences to data points: The role of media agencies in the platformization of the news media industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 016344372110298
Author(s):  
Ida Willig
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Media Audiences ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Many ◽  
Marketing Budgets

Media agencies have become one of the key actors in the contemporary media industry: by channelling marketing budgets to some media and some platforms and not to others, media agencies play an important role in creating the digital media infrastructure and laying the tracks of the public sphere. Yet we know very little about these commercial middlemen between advertisers and audiences, what they do, and how we should understand their role in the digital media ecology. This article discusses the role of media agencies in relation to platformization with a focus on the news media sector. Based on interviews, publicly available material and trade journals, the article depicts an industry deeply engaged in digitizing, tracking and commodifying media audiences, while at the same time aware of ethical challenges of the digital media infrastructure. This leads to a call for more political attention and critical research on the democratic implications of the new value chains between platforms, advertisers, audiences, media agencies and news media as well as the many tech companies providing derived digital services and products.

scholarly journals Critique of the culinary reason

Semiotica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (211) ◽  
pp. 165-186
Author(s):  
Massimo Leone
Keyword(s):  
Main Concern ◽  
Cultural Meaning ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Common People ◽  
Slow Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
The Way

AbstractPresent-day economically developed societies devote unprecedented attention to food. The culinary discourse, in all its facets, gains increasing centrality in cultures. Institutions, media, and common people are obsessed with what they eat. In Italy, a country already aware of itself with regards to food, gastronomy turns into the main concern, the most debated and cared of system of norms. Social phenomena like Slow Food and Zero Kilometer originate in Italy and then conquer the world, claiming that improving the quality of food is the way for a better planet. But what is the deep cultural meaning of this massive trend? What lies behind the culinary reason? Aesthetic neutralization of socioeconomic conflicts, chauvinistic marketing of stereotypes, and anti-intellectual subversion of sensorial hierarchies, the article contends.

A Rank Order of Eateries: A Chicago Stochastic Model

1974 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Donald H. Haider
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Yorkers

.... The hands of men took hold and tugged And the breaths of men went into the junk And the junk stood up into skyscrapers and asked Who am I? Am I a city?Carl Sandburg-“The Windy City”Robert Merriam, picking up where his father left off, once indicated that it would take 50 years for an aroused citizenry to root out corruption in Chicago. It has taken at least that long to upgrade Chicago's restaurants. Several decades ago, top gourmet societies labelled Chicago a “gastronomic wasteland.” Among the many old clichés and modern prejudices that the Windy City is constantly seeking to outlive is the quality of its restaurants. New Yorkers, of course, will not let old myths die. Gail Green,New York Magazinegalloping gourmet, recently went away from Chicago dubbing its restaurants the “Big Potato” — homely and solid, mealy and bland. Chicago epicureans responded by a whirlwind tour of the Gotham Town's “Best and Most Delectable,” writing devastating critiques of New York's much overrated eating places. If one can transcend these diatribes and gastronomic polemics, you will find Chicago to be as good a dining town as there is in the U.S.A. — variety, service, and prices.

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